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Assessing The Paleoclimatic Utility Of The Indo Pacific Coral Genus Diploastrea In A 225 Year Oxygen Isotope Record From Fiji
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Book Synopsis Assessing the Paleoclimatic Utility of the Indo-Pacific Coral Genus Diploastrea in a 225-year Oxygen Isotope Record from Fiji by : Stefan Bagnato
Download or read book Assessing the Paleoclimatic Utility of the Indo-Pacific Coral Genus Diploastrea in a 225-year Oxygen Isotope Record from Fiji written by Stefan Bagnato and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing Delta Oxygen-18 in the Coral Genus Isopora for Reconstructing Indo-Pacific Regional and Seasonal Climate by : Gavin M. Lemley
Download or read book Assessing Delta Oxygen-18 in the Coral Genus Isopora for Reconstructing Indo-Pacific Regional and Seasonal Climate written by Gavin M. Lemley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing the Reproducibility of Coral Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Time Series from Fiji and Tonga and Their Application to the Reconstruction of South Pacific Convergence Zone Movements Since the Mid-1800s by : Emilie Pauline Dassié
Download or read book Assessing the Reproducibility of Coral Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Time Series from Fiji and Tonga and Their Application to the Reconstruction of South Pacific Convergence Zone Movements Since the Mid-1800s written by Emilie Pauline Dassié and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Early Pliocene Ross Sea Paleoclimate and a New Application of the Diatom Oxygen Isotope Proxy by : Hal W. Hackett
Download or read book Early Pliocene Ross Sea Paleoclimate and a New Application of the Diatom Oxygen Isotope Proxy written by Hal W. Hackett and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxygen isotope measurements ([delta]18O) provide valuable insight into climate conditions. These data are advantageous as paleoclimate proxies, but records are sparse in high latitude waters, where calcareous microfossils are poorly preserved in marine sediments. Over glacial timescales, high latitude regions likely have the widest variability in terms of the [delta]18O values of marine waters; therefore, the paucity of data in these regions greatly hinders our ability to reconstruct global climatic and environmental change. This research is motivated to investigate Southern Ocean diatoms as a way to begin filling the gap in our knowledge. Diatoms are a cosmopolitan group of siliceous phytoplankton with characteristic ecological affinities. Diatom silica is increasingly being analyzed as a [delta]18O archive, and has the potential to provide comparable data to [delta]18O variations recorded by benthic foraminifera, but to date, studies have focused on Holocene sediments. This thesis presents oxygen isotope values from Early Pliocene Ross Sea diatoms, assessment of purification procedures, and implications for paleoclimate and the history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. ANDRILL AND-1B is a 13 Ma record from the Antarctic Geologic Drilling Project in the Ross Sea, which provides Lower to Mid Pliocene diatomite units. The context provided by age models and paleoenvironmental studies, along with more geologically recent Southern Ocean diatom [delta]18O measurements, make AND-1B an ideal dataset for further exploring the use of diatom [delta]18O values as a record of changes in salinity and temperature in high latitude seawater. Samples were purified; geochemically and mineralogically assessed using x-ray diffraction (e.g. identification of amorphous opal-A vs. mineral contamination) and x-ray fluorescence (e.g. elemental quantification of clay contamination); then analyzed for [delta]18O values using a step-wise fluorination (SWF) -- CO2 laser heating technique and a Thermo MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Correction methods based on different assumptions place constraints on true diatom [delta]18O values, with margins of error dependent on final sample purity. The results are intermediate between Holocene Antarctic diatom [delta]18O studies, indicating that diatom [delta]18O values can remain largely or entirely unaltered for at least 4.5 Ma. Interpreting these values through the current paleotemperature model, with the contingent paleoenvironmental constraints afforded by AND-1B, suggests water [delta]18O values offset about -10% relative to today's ocean. Stacked benthic foraminifera [delta]18O values for the Pliocene suggest an ocean average less than 1% different than the present; therefore, this points to a strong component of glacial water in a warmer, fresher Pliocene Ross Sea.
Author :Jeffrey M. Heikoop Publisher :National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN 13 : Total Pages :166 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (181 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Signals in Coral Tissue and Skeleton by : Jeffrey M. Heikoop
Download or read book Environmental Signals in Coral Tissue and Skeleton written by Jeffrey M. Heikoop and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1997 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coral [delta] 18 O Records from Palau and Eastern Island by : Michael Cleveland Osborne
Download or read book Coral [delta] 18 O Records from Palau and Eastern Island written by Michael Cleveland Osborne and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral-based proxy records are one of the most powerful tools for extending our understanding of interannual to centennial modes associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. Such records are also crucial for constraining forecasts under various greenhouse gas emission scenarios. In this dissertation I present an examination of records obtained from two study sites: The Republic of Palau (7.5°N 134.5°E) and Easter Island (27°S 109°W). This dissertation is organized into five chapters and an appendix. Chapter 1 is an introduction to paleoclimate, ENSO, and coral-based proxy records. In Chapter 2, I present the analysis of four records from Palau that were sampled from diverse localities within this study region. We take advantage of the multiple instrumental products and previously published results in our evaluation of the Palau coral [delta] 18O ([delta] 18OCRL) signal. Our primary conclusion in Chapter 2 is that Palau [delta] 18OCRL is well suited to capture ENSO, regardless of the coral environmental setting. We also show that Palau [delta] 18OCRL is primarily related to salinity, with temperature exerting a secondary influence. In Chapter 3 we apply our [delta] 18OCRL calibration results from Palau to the pre-instrumental period. Our records exhibit excellent reproducibility over the 20th century, and show strong coherence with other tropical Pacific [delta] 18OCRL records. We identify a 23/24 year cycle which is robust throughout the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) following the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA). The Palau records show a long-term trend indicative of warming and/or freshening. Chapter 4 presents the results of three previously unpublished [delta] 18OCRL records from Easter Island, which resides in a region that is particularly devoid of high-resolution paleoclimate observations. All of the Easter Island corals display complex growth morphology. As a result, we deploy a range of techniques to develop age models. Our chief conclusion is that the Easter Island [delta] 18OCRL records closely follow hemispheric and global scale temperature trends over the 20th century. We also observe unique seasonal trends, which are likely attributable biases in seasonal carbonate precipitation and our age model schemes. Our analyses of the Easter Island [delta] 18OCRL records support the assertion that decadal variability across the Pacific basin originates in the tropics. All of the [delta] 18OCRL records presented in this dissertation represent significant contributions our understanding of Pan-Pacific climate variability over the past two centuries.
Book Synopsis Scleractinia of Eastern Australia by : John Edward Norwood Veron
Download or read book Scleractinia of Eastern Australia written by John Edward Norwood Veron and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coral Bleaching by : Madeleine J. H. van Oppen
Download or read book Coral Bleaching written by Madeleine J. H. van Oppen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most serious consequences of global climate change for coral reefs is the increased frequency and severity of mass coral bleaching events and, since the first edition of this volume was published in 2009, there have been additional mass coral bleaching events. This book provides comprehensive information on the causes and consequences of coral bleaching for coral reef ecosystems, from the genes and microbes involved in the bleaching response, to individual coral colonies and whole reef systems. It presents detailed analyses of how coral bleaching can be detected and quantified and reviews future scenarios based on modeling efforts and the potential mechanisms of acclimatisation and adaptation. It also briefly discusses emerging research areas that focus on the development of innovative interventions aiming to increase coral climate resilience and restore reefs.
Book Synopsis Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems by : Yossi Loya
Download or read book Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems written by Yossi Loya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 1003 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes what is known about mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) geographically and by major taxa. MCEs are characterized by light-dependent corals and associated communities typically found at depths ranging from 30-40 m. and extending to over 150 m. in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. They are populated with organisms typically associated with shallow coral reefs, such as macroalgae, corals, sponges, and fishes, as well as specialist species unique to mesophotic depths. During the past decade, there has been an increasing scientific and management interest in MCEs expressed by the exponential increase in the number of publications studying this unique environment. Despite their close proximity to well-studied shallow reefs, and the growing evidence of their importance, our scientific knowledge of MCEs is still in its early stages. The topics covered in the book include: regional variation in MCEs; similarities and differences between mesophotic and shallow reef taxa, biotic and abiotic conditions, biodiversity, ecology, geomorphology, and geology; potential connectivity between MCEs and shallow reefs; MCE disturbances, conservation, and management challenges; and new technologies, key research questions/knowledge gaps, priorities, and future directions in MCE research.
Book Synopsis The Natural History of Santo by : Philippe Bouchet
Download or read book The Natural History of Santo written by Philippe Bouchet and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Santo, the largest island in the South Pacific nation of Vanuatu, is an extraordinary geographical and cultural microcosm, combining reefs, caves, mountains, and satellite isles--with human history that dates back 3,000 years. Collecting contributions from more than one hundred authors, The Natural History of Santo is the result of a 2006 Santo expedition, which brought together scientists, volunteers, and students from twenty-five countries. This lavishly illustrated book pays homage to the biodiversity of this "planet-island" and bridges the gaps between scientific knowledge, conservation, and education.
Book Synopsis Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies by : Kaarina Weckström
Download or read book Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies written by Kaarina Weckström and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-13 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this edited volume is to introduce the scientific community to paleoenvironmental studies of estuaries, to highlight the types of information that can be obtained from such studies, and to promote the use of paleoenvironmental studies in estuarine management. Readers will learn about the the application of different paleoecological approaches used in estuaries that develop our understanding of their response to natural and human influences. Particular attention is given to the essential steps required for undertaking a paleoecological study, in particular with regard to site selection, core extraction and chronological techniques, followed by the range of indicators that can be used. A series of case studies are discussed in the book to demonstrate how paleoecological studies can be used to address key questions, and to sustainably manage these important coastal environments in the future. This book will appeal to professional scientists interested in estuarine studies and/or paleoenvironmental research, as well as estuarine managers who are interested in the incorporation of paleoenvironmental research into their management programs.
Download or read book Climate change written by Collectif and published by IRD Éditions. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mobilisation centred on the 2015 Paris Climate Conference (COP 21) is an opportunity to highlight the vulnerability of environments and populations in the South in the face of climate warming. Some tropical regions are already suffering from its effects, with heat waves in the Sahel, disturbances to monsoon systems, the melting of the Andean glaciers, threats to biodiversity, a rise in sea level and other features. Research conducted by IRD and its partners provides key knowledge for better understanding of the complexity of these phenomena. This book is a synthesis in three parts: observing and understanding climate change, analysing its main impacts on environments and setting societies and national public policies at the heart of the climate challenge. Focused on the capacity for resilience of populations and ecosystems in the face of trends in the climate, the book explores solutions that reconcile mitigation and adaptation in response to climate change, conservation of the environment and a reduction of inequalities. The work is both well documented and explanatory, reviewing operations and the results of research that is firmly involved and interdisciplinary, closely associating partners in the North and the South.
Book Synopsis Marine Science Frontiers for Europe by : Frank Lamy
Download or read book Marine Science Frontiers for Europe written by Frank Lamy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-06-23 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe is a continent with a high coast-to-surface ratio, and European seas encompass a broad range of settings and regimes. The sustainable development of living and non-living marine resources, the protection of the marine environment and the provision of marine-based services are critical to economic prosperity and to the quality of life of European citizens. Addressing these concerns, marine-science researchers conducted a workshop reviewing major topics of European marine research. This publication contains overview and thematic background papers, as well as reports and recommendations for future research covering topics such as ocean-climate coupling, biogeochemistry, coastal and shelf processes, and ecosystem functioning/biodiversity.
Book Synopsis The San Francisco Bay Ecosystem by : Curtiss O. Davis
Download or read book The San Francisco Bay Ecosystem written by Curtiss O. Davis and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mesozoic Stratigraphy of India by : Santanu Banerjee
Download or read book Mesozoic Stratigraphy of India written by Santanu Banerjee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book envisages a multi-proxy approach using stable isotopes, geochemical proxies, magnetic susceptibility and associated biotic events for paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental interpretations of the Mesozoic sedimentary record of India. Mesozoic rocks of India record abnormal sea level rise, greenhouse climate, intensified volcanism, hypoxia in seawater, extensive black shale deposition, and hydrocarbon occurrence. The Mesozoic has also witnessed mass extinction events, evolution of dinosaurs, and breakdown of the supercontinent Pangea and the formation of Gondwana. Although the Mesozoic geology of India has witnessed significant progress in the last century, literature survey reveals a huge gap in knowledge regarding sequence stratigraphy, chemostratigraphy and key geological events. A synthesis of sedimentological, paleontological and chemical data is included to presenting a comprehensive understanding of the Indian Mesozoic record to students, researchers and professionals.
Book Synopsis The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future by : Stefano Goffredo
Download or read book The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future written by Stefano Goffredo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-07 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a broad panorama of the current status of research of invertebrate animals considered belonging to the phylum Cnidaria, such as hydra, jellyfish, sea anemone, and coral. In this book the Cnidarians are traced from the Earth’s primordial oceans, to their response to the warming and acidifying oceans. Due to the role of corals in the carbon and calcium cycles, various aspects of cnidarian calcification are discussed. The relation of the Cnidaria with Mankind is approached, in accordance with the Editors’ philosophy of bridging the artificial schism between science, arts and Humanities. Cnidarians' encounters with humans result in a broad spectrum of medical emergencies that are reviewed. The final section of the volume is devoted to the role of Hydra and Medusa in mythology and art.
Book Synopsis The Biology of Marine Fungi by : Stephen Thomas Moss
Download or read book The Biology of Marine Fungi written by Stephen Thomas Moss and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This definitive account of the biology of both lower and higher marine and estuarine fungi reflects the recent growth of interest in these fascinating plants. The four main themes - ecology, taxonomy, physiology and industrial and applied biotechnology - are each covered by contributors of international repute.
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