Assessing The Effects Of Toxic Synthetic Organic Compounds On Activated Sludge Communities

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Assessing the Effects of Toxic Synthetic Organic Compounds on Activated Sludge Communities

Author : Kristopher Michael Lightsey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (772 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Effects of Toxic Synthetic Organic Compounds on Activated Sludge Communities by : Kristopher Michael Lightsey

Download or read book Assessing the Effects of Toxic Synthetic Organic Compounds on Activated Sludge Communities written by Kristopher Michael Lightsey and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent technological advances in environmental monitoring coupled with the increasingly stringent effluent requirements being placed on waste treatment systems makes it vital to have a more complete understanding of how specific compounds in waste streams can impact wastewater treatment processes. Since activated sludge processes are recognized as one of the most often applied technologies in wastewater treatment, this study assesses the impacts of select toxic synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) on the activated sludge communities in two types of wastewater treatment reactors: a completely-mixed activated sludge reactor (CMAS) and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Commonly applied activated sludge monitoring parameters, such as solids analysis and substrate removal, are collected and correlated to the results of microscopic image analysis (IA) and direct gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to monitor the response of the activated sludge communities to variations in operational conditions, including the incorporation of SOCs in the influent feed and varying the solids retention time. The results of this research indicate that the response of the activated community is highly dependent on the reactor configuration. The CMAS settling performance was more strongly correlated to the shape parameters, and the SBR settling performance was more strongly correlated to the size parameters, which is qualitatively supported by particle settling theory when considering that SBR flocs were found to be larger than the CMAS flocs. The SBR began to exhibit larger floc sizes and had a higher sludge volume index with the incorporation of SOCs, while the CMAS flocs became more spherical after SOCs were incorporated and exhibited more discrete settling. The molecular analysis results revealed that the community structure within the activated sludge system was transient in response to environmental variations. Banding patterns indicated that samples were more similar to other samples taken from the same reactor under the same operational conditions. Thus, as operational conditions were varied, sample banding patterns would also change, indicating transitions in the genetic composition, and ultimately the dominant species present, in response to environmental changes.

Investigations of Biodegradability and Toxicity of Organic Compounds

Author : Jan Dojlido
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigations of Biodegradability and Toxicity of Organic Compounds by : Jan Dojlido

Download or read book Investigations of Biodegradability and Toxicity of Organic Compounds written by Jan Dojlido and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fate of Toxic Organic Compounds in Activated Sludge and Integrated Activated Sludge

Author : B.E. Jones
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (475 download)

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Book Synopsis Fate of Toxic Organic Compounds in Activated Sludge and Integrated Activated Sludge by : B.E. Jones

Download or read book Fate of Toxic Organic Compounds in Activated Sludge and Integrated Activated Sludge written by B.E. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Waste Incineration and Public Health

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030906371X
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Waste Incineration and Public Health by : National Research Council

Download or read book Waste Incineration and Public Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incineration has been used widely for waste disposal, including household, hazardous, and medical wasteâ€"but there is increasing public concern over the benefits of combusting the waste versus the health risk from pollutants emitted during combustion. Waste Incineration and Public Health informs the emerging debate with the most up-to-date information available on incineration, pollution, and human healthâ€"along with expert conclusions and recommendations for further research and improvement of such areas as risk communication. The committee provides details on: Processes involved in incineration and how contaminants are released. Environmental dynamics of contaminants and routes of human exposure. Tools and approaches for assessing possible human health effects. Scientific concerns pertinent to future regulatory actions. The book also examines some of the social, psychological, and economic factors that affect the communities where incineration takes place and addresses the problem of uncertainty and variation in predicting the health effects of incineration processes.

Biodegradation of Selected Organic Nitrogen Compounds in Activated Sludge Systems

Author : Jia Guo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodegradation of Selected Organic Nitrogen Compounds in Activated Sludge Systems by : Jia Guo

Download or read book Biodegradation of Selected Organic Nitrogen Compounds in Activated Sludge Systems written by Jia Guo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated sludge systems are commonly used to remove organic matter and nutrients from wastewater. They are also used to remove synthetic organic compounds from industrial activities. In this study, two identical activated sludge-based continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) were employed to study the biodegradation of melamine and 4-nitrophenol and their impact on wastewater effluent water quality and microbial structure and functions. Two CSTRs at steady-state conditions were fed with two synthetic organic nitrogen compounds, melamine and p-nitrophenol (PNP) for 12 hours on day 136 and 150, respectively, of an extended test. Melamine, although toxic to human and animals, presented no detrimental effect on bioreactor performance and it appeared to act as an inert soluble substance in the activated sludge system. After the shock loading, melamine was quickly washed out of the continuous flow system. Batch degradation studies confirmed that the activated sludge from the CSTR was not capable of degrading melamine. The other chemical p-nitrophenol (PNP), however, showed significant toxicity towards the activated sludge, although subpeaks of possible PNP degradation metabolites were detected by high performance liquid chromatography indicating that the PNP could be partially degradable by the activated sludge. After 12-h shock loading of PNP, significant inhibition of nitrification and bacterial activity by PNP resulted in a prolonged period (> 22 days) of deterioration of effluent water quality. The results indicate that the fate and toxicity of synthetic organic nitrogen compounds can be quite different in activated sludge systems, although both melamine and PNP increased total nitrogen concentrations in wastewater effluent.

Organic Contaminants in the Environment

Author : K.C. Jones
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400943296
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Contaminants in the Environment by : K.C. Jones

Download or read book Organic Contaminants in the Environment written by K.C. Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SERIES The current expansion of both public and scientific interest in environ mental issues has not been accompanied by a commensurate production of adequate books, and those which are available are widely variable in approach and depth. The Environmental Management Series has been established with a view to co-ordinating a series of volumes dealing with each topic within the field in some depth. It is hoped that this Series will provide a uniform and quality coverage and that, over a period of years, it will build up to form a library of reference books covering most of the major topics within this diverse field. It is envisaged that the books will be of single, or dual, authorship, or edited volumes as appropriate for respective topics. The level of presentation will be advanced, the books being aimed primarily at a research/consultancy readership. The coverage will include all aspects of environmental science and engineering pertinent to man agement and monitoring of the natural and man-modified environment, as well as topics dealing with the political, economic, legal and social con siderations pertaining to environmental management. J. CAIRNS and R.M. HARRISON v Preface The behaviour and effects of chemicals in our environment is a fascinating subject for scientific investigation. Furthermore, an understanding of these processes is of fundamental importance in our modern world, and should enable us to understand and limit the adverse effects of pollutants.

Issues in Potable Reuse

Author : Committee to Evaluate the Viability of Augmenting Potable Water Supplies with Reclaimed Water
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309517680
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Potable Reuse by : Committee to Evaluate the Viability of Augmenting Potable Water Supplies with Reclaimed Water

Download or read book Issues in Potable Reuse written by Committee to Evaluate the Viability of Augmenting Potable Water Supplies with Reclaimed Water and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-08-06 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A small but growing number of municipalities are augmenting their drinking water supplies with highly treated wastewater. But some professionals in the field argue that only the purest sources should be used for drinking water. Is potable reuse a viable application of reclaimed water? How can individual communities effectively evaluate potable reuse programs? How certain must "certain" be when it comes to drinking water safety? Issues in Potable Reuse provides the best available answers to these questions. Useful to scientists yet accessible to concerned lay readers, this book defines important terms in the debate and provides data, analysis, and examples of the experience of municipalities from San Diego to Tampa. The committee explores in detail the two major types of contaminants: Chemical contaminants. The committee discusses how to assess toxicity, reduce the input of contaminants, evaluate treatment options, manage the byproducts of disinfection and other issues. Microbial contaminants, including newly emerging waterborne pathogens. The book covers methods of detection, health consequences, treatment, and more. Issues in Potable Reuse reviews the results of six health effects studies at operational or proposed reuse projects. The committee discusses the utility of fish versus mammals in toxicology testing and covers issues in quality assurance.

Removal of Toxic Pollutants through Microbiological and Tertiary Treatment

Author : Maulin P Shah
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128216824
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Removal of Toxic Pollutants through Microbiological and Tertiary Treatment by : Maulin P Shah

Download or read book Removal of Toxic Pollutants through Microbiological and Tertiary Treatment written by Maulin P Shah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Removal of Toxic Pollutants through Microbiological and Tertiary Treatment: New Perspectives offers a current account of existing advanced oxidation strategies - including their limitations, challenges, and potential applications - in removing environmental pollutants through microbiological and tertiary treatment methods. The book introduces new trends and advances in environmental bioremediation technology, with thorough discussion of recent developments in the field. Updated information as well as future research directions in the field of bioremediation of industrial wastes is included. This book is an indispensable guide to students, researchers, scientists, and professionals working in fields such as microbiology, biotechnology, environmental sciences, eco-toxicology, and environmental remediation. The book also serves as a helpful guide for waste management professionals and those working on the biodegradation and bioremediation of industrial wastes and environmental pollutants for environmental sustainability. Introduces various treatment schemes, including microbiological and tertiary technologies for bioremediation of environmental pollutants and industrial wastes Includes pharmaceutical wastewater, oil refinery wastewater, distillery wastewater, tannery wastewater, textile wastewater, mine tailing wastes, plastic wastes, and more Describes the role of relatively new treatment technologies and their approaches in bioremediation, including molecular and protein engineering technologies, microbial enzymes, bio surfactants, plant-microbe interactions, and genetically engineered organisms Provides many advanced technologies in the field of bioremediation and phytoremediation, including electro-bioremediation technology, microbial fuel cell technology, nano-bioremediation technology, and phytotechnologies

Riverine Ecosystem Management

Author : Stefan Schmutz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319732501
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Riverine Ecosystem Management by : Stefan Schmutz

Download or read book Riverine Ecosystem Management written by Stefan Schmutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book surveys the frontier of scientific river research and provides examples to guide management towards a sustainable future of riverine ecosystems. Principal structures and functions of the biogeosphere of rivers are explained; key threats are identified, and effective solutions for restoration and mitigation are provided. Rivers are among the most threatened ecosystems of the world. They increasingly suffer from pollution, water abstraction, river channelisation and damming. Fundamental knowledge of ecosystem structure and function is necessary to understand how human acitivities interfere with natural processes and which interventions are feasible to rectify this. Modern water legislation strives for sustainable water resource management and protection of important habitats and species. However, decision makers would benefit from more profound understanding of ecosystem degradation processes and of innovative methodologies and tools for efficient mitigation and restoration. The book provides best-practice examples of sustainable river management from on-site studies, European-wide analyses and case studies from other parts of the world. This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of aquatic ecology, river system functioning, conservation and restoration, to postgraduate students, to institutions involved in water management, and to water related industries.

Selected Water Resources Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 898 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms by :

Download or read book Short-term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toxicity Reduction Evaluation Protocol for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicity Reduction Evaluation Protocol for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants by :

Download or read book Toxicity Reduction Evaluation Protocol for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Selected Water Resources Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Physico-Chemical Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery

Author : Robina Farooq
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 953513129X
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Physico-Chemical Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery by : Robina Farooq

Download or read book Physico-Chemical Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery written by Robina Farooq and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book on Physico-Chemical Treatment of Wastewater and Resource Recovery provides an efficient and low-cost solution for remediation of wastewater. This book focuses on physico-chemical treatment via advanced oxidation process, adsorption, its management and recovery of valuable chemicals. It discusses treatment and recovery process for the range of pollutants including BTX, PCB, PCDDs, proteins, phenols, antibiotics, complex organic compounds and metals. The occurrence of persistent pollutants poses deleterious effects on human and environmental health. Simple solutions for recovery of valuable chemicals and water during physico-chemical treatment of wastewater are discussed extensively. This book provides necessary knowledge and experimental studies on emerging physico-chemical processes for reducing water pollution and resource recovery.

Soil pollution: a hidden reality

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251305056
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil pollution: a hidden reality by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Soil pollution: a hidden reality written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.

Toxicology Research Projects Directory

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicology Research Projects Directory by :

Download or read book Toxicology Research Projects Directory written by and published by . This book was released on 1980-04 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances

Author : Thomas Ternes
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1843390930
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances by : Thomas Ternes

Download or read book Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances written by Thomas Ternes and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The observed concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in raw wastewater confirm that municipal wastewater represents the main disposal pathway for the PPCPs consumed in households, hospitals and industry. In sewage treatment plant effluents most PPCPs are still present, since many of these polar and persistent compounds are being removed only partially or, in some cases, not at all. Treated wastewater therefore represents an important point source for PPCPs into the environment. After passing a sewage treatment plant the treated wastewater is mostly discharged into rivers and streams or sometimes used to irrigate fields. If drinking water is produced using resources containing a substantial proportion of treated wastewater (e.g. from river water downstream of communities) the water cycle is closed and indirect potable reuse occurs. Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances provides an overview of the occurrence, analytics, removal and environmental risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater, surface water and drinking water. The book covers all aspects of the fate and removal of PPCPs in the whole water cycle: consumption and occurrence, analytical methods, the legal background, environmental risk assessment, human and animal toxicology, source control options, wastewater and drinking water treatment as well as indirect reuse. The book presents a summary of the results obtained during the EU project "Poseidon", combined with further expert knowledge on the field, and is written at a level appropriate for professionals involved in management of water resource quality. Professionals in the field including decision makers, engineers and scientists, as well as students entering the field, will find this an invaluable source of information. First comprehensive study on the assessment, fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater and drinking water treatment. Emphasises the importance of micropollutants in the water cycle, provides methods for quantifying their fate and technologies for their removal.