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Arsenic Speciation And The Controls On Its Release In Contaminated Sediments And Corresponding Toxicological Effects At Giant Mine Nwt
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Book Synopsis ARSENIC SPECIATION AND THE CONTROLS ON ITS RELEASE IN CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS AND CORRESPONDING TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS AT GIANT MINE, NWT. by : TYLER. Nash
Download or read book ARSENIC SPECIATION AND THE CONTROLS ON ITS RELEASE IN CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS AND CORRESPONDING TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS AT GIANT MINE, NWT. written by TYLER. Nash and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Influence of Bacteria on the Stability, Speciation and Mobility of Arsenic in Contaminated Sediments at Terra Mine, N.W.T., Canada by : Jessica Ann Drysdale
Download or read book The Influence of Bacteria on the Stability, Speciation and Mobility of Arsenic in Contaminated Sediments at Terra Mine, N.W.T., Canada written by Jessica Ann Drysdale and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terra mine is an abandoned copper and silver mine in the Northwest Territories, Canada, from which mine tailings were deposited into Ho-Hum Lake, adjacent to the mine's processing plant. The tailings contain elevated levels of arsenic (As), resulting in As levels exceeding Canadian sediment and water quality guidelines in the lake, and in downstream wetland water and sediment. This field and laboratory study focuses on the microbial ecology, and the reduction and oxidation of As, iron (Fe) and sulphur (S), in the wetland downstream from Ho-Hum Lake. This wetland is proposed as a passive remediation system for removal and storage of As. Using microcosm experiments, the stability of As-bearing sediments was compared in the upper, middle and lowestmost areas of the wetland over a 42-day period. Fresh sediments and sediments amended with a 10 mM acetate solution, both mixed with water, were compared. While no significant geochemical differences were found between acetate-amended and unamended microcosms, formation of inorganic As-S species was higher in amended microcosms, suggesting that micro-organisms were more active in the system because they were not carbon-limited. Formation of methylated-As species increased over time in all samples, including abiotic controls. Bacterial sulphate reduction occurred during the first 10 days of the experiment, perhaps resulting in precipitation of sulphide minerals. X-ray adsorption near edge spectroscopy was used to assess solid-state speciation of As in the sediments and indicated that pre-microcosm sediments from all sites showed high proportions of As(III)-S and As(III)-O speciation. Post-microcosm sediments revealed a 13% increase in the proportion of As(V)-O species, whereas abiotic controls showed only an 8% increase. DNA sequencing in post-microcosm sediments identified As, Fe and S reducing bacteria, and the geochemical patterns of As, Fe and S in the microcosms indicate the bacteria are likely active in the system. Microbial diversity and solid-state speciation of As in the sediments were assessed at varying depths at the microcosm sites, but correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between As speciation and microbial diversity. A positive correlation between diversity and depth, and a negative relationship between As concentration and diversity, were found, perhaps indicating decreasing contamination with depth in the wetland.
Book Synopsis Managing Arsenic in the Environment by : Ravi Naidu
Download or read book Managing Arsenic in the Environment written by Ravi Naidu and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2006-02-07 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic elements in the environment. This book brings together the current knowledge on arsenic contamination worldwide, reviewing the field, highlighting common themes and pointing to key areas needing future research. Contributions discuss methods for accurate identification and quantification of individual arsenic species in a range of environmental and biological matrices and give an overview of the environmental chemistry of arsenic. Next, chapters deal with the dynamics of arsenic in groundwater and aspects of arsenic in soils and plants, including plant uptake studies, effects on crop quality and yield, and the corresponding food chain and human health issues associated with these exposure pathways. These concerns are coupled with the challenge to develop efficient, cost effective risk management and remediation strategies: recent technological advances are described and assessed, including the use of adsorbants, photo-oxidation, bioremediation and electrokinetic remediation. The book concludes with eleven detailed regional perspectives of the extent and severity of arsenic contamination from around the world. It will be invaluable for arsenic researchers as well as environmental scientists and environmental chemists, toxicologists, medical scientists, and statutory authorities seeking an in-depth view of the issues surrounding this toxin.
Book Synopsis Arsenic Contamination in the Environment by : Dharmendra Kumar Gupta
Download or read book Arsenic Contamination in the Environment written by Dharmendra Kumar Gupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview to researchers, graduate, and undergraduate students, as well as academicians who are interested in arsenic. It covers human health risks and established cases of human ailments and sheds light on prospective control measures, both biological and physico-chemical. Arsenic (As) is a widely distributed element in the environment having no known useful physiological function in plants or animals. Historically, this metalloid has been known to be used widely as a poison. Effects of arsenic have come to light in the past few decades due to its increasing contamination in several parts of world, with the worst situation being in Bangladesh and West Bengal, India. The worrying issue is the ingestion of arsenic through water and food and associated health risks due to its carcinogenic and neurotoxic nature. The impact of the problem is widespread, and it has led to extensive research on finding both the causes and solutions. These attempts have allowed us to understand the various probable causes of arsenic contamination in the environment, and at the same time, have provided a number of possible solutions. It is reported that more than 200 mineral species contain As. Generally, As binds with iron and sulfur to form arsenopyrite. According to one estimate from the World Health Organization (WHO), contextual levels of As in soil ranges from 1 to 40 mg kg-1. Arsenic toxicity is related to its oxidation state which is present in the medium. As is a protoplastic toxin, due to its consequence on sulphydryl group it interferes in cell enzymes, cell respiration and in mitosis. Exposure of As may occur to humans via several industries, such as refining or smelting of metal ores, microelectronics, wood preservation, battery manufacturing, and also to those who work in power plants that burn arsenic-rich coal.
Book Synopsis Biological and Environmental Effects of Arsenic by : B.A. Fowler
Download or read book Biological and Environmental Effects of Arsenic written by B.A. Fowler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics in Environmental Health, Volume 6: Biological and Environmental Effects of Arsenic focuses on the properties, characteristics, and reactions of arsenic and its effects on the environment. The selection first tackles the mobilization of arsenic by natural and industrial processes and emissions, cycling, and effects of arsenic in soil ecosystems. Discussions focus on the effects of arsenic on plants and soil microorganisms, exposure through consumption, sources of arsenic, and mobilization of arsenic by natural processes and industrial activities. The publication then ponders on environmental reaction and analysis methods and arsenical metabolism and toxicity to freshwater and marine species. The text examines the metabolism of arsenic and epidemiology of human arsenic exposure, including acute and chronic effects by arsenic in man, absorption, tissue distribution and retention, and elimination and biological half-time. The publication then takes a look at the toxicity of arsenic and its compounds, as well as biological transformation of arsenic compounds in soil ecosystems and effects on plants; biotransformation of arsenic compounds and toxicity to freshwater and marine biota; and environmental transformation of arsenic in freshwater/marine ecosystems. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the biological and environmental effects of arsenic.
Book Synopsis Arsenic Pollution by : Peter Ravenscroft
Download or read book Arsenic Pollution written by Peter Ravenscroft and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-26 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic Pollution summarizes the most current research on the distribution and causes of arsenic pollution, its impact on health and agriculture, and solutions by way of water supply, treatment, and water resource management. Provides the first global and interdisciplinary account of arsenic pollution occurrences Integrates geochemistry, hydrology, agriculture, and water supply and treatment for the first time Options are highlighted for developing alternative water sources and methods for arsenic testing and removal Appeals to specialists in one discipline seeking an overview of the work being done in other disciplines
Book Synopsis Arsenic in Ground Water by : Alan H. Welch
Download or read book Arsenic in Ground Water written by Alan H. Welch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in arsenic in ground water has greatly increased in the past decade because of the increased awareness of human health effects and the costs of avoidance or treatment of ground water supplies used for consumption. The goal of this book is to provide a description of the basic processes that affect arsenic occurrence and transport by providing sufficient background information on arsenic geochemistry and descriptions of hi- arsenic ground water, both affected and unaffected by human activity. An understanding of thermodynamics, adsorption, and the speciation of arsenic in solid phases, which are described in first three chapters, is needed to predict the fate of arsenic in ground water systems. Large-scale and deep movement of ground water can and has redistributed arsenic in the near surface environment, as described in the next two chapters. These large-scale systems can affect large volumes of both ground water and surface water, such as in the Yellowstone system, and can produce mineralised zones that subsequently release arsenic to ground water supplies. Regional identification of high-arsenic ground water and its consumption as described in the next three chapters clearly demonstrates a need for increased wat- quality monitoring, particularly in south and southeast Asia. Chapters 9-11 provide examples of high arsenic ground water associated with sulfide mineral oxidation and alkaline conditions. Finally, smaller scale studies of the effects of human activities that have produced high-arsenic ground water and methods for attenuation of ground water are presented.
Book Synopsis Arsenic in Ground Water of the Willamette Basin, Oregon by : Stephen R. Hinkle
Download or read book Arsenic in Ground Water of the Willamette Basin, Oregon written by Stephen R. Hinkle and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reviews of Environmental Contamination Volume 197 by : Hemda Garelick
Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination Volume 197 written by Hemda Garelick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-10 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.
Book Synopsis Speciation of Arsenic in Water and Biological Matrices by : X. Chris Le
Download or read book Speciation of Arsenic in Water and Biological Matrices written by X. Chris Le and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2001 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic - As 2012 by : Jack C. Ng
Download or read book Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic - As 2012 written by Jack C. Ng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-06 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The congress "Arsenic in the Environment" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for arsenic research aimed at practical solutions of problems with considerable social impact, as well as focusing on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical and other specific issues on arsenic on a broader environmental realm. The congress "Arsenic in the Environment" was first organized in Mexico City (As 2006) followed by As 2008 in Valencia, Spain and As 2010 in Tainan, Taiwan. The 4th International Congress As 2012 was held in Cairns, Australia from July 22-27, 2012 entitled Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic. The session topics comprised: 1. Geology and hydrogeology of arsenic; 2. Medical and health issues of arsenic; 3. Remediation and policy; 4. Analytical methods for arsenic; and 5. Special topics on "Risk assessment of arsenic from mining", "Geomicrobiology of arsenic", "Geothermal arsenic", "Rice arsenic and health perspectives", "Sustainable mitigation of arsenic: from field trials to policy implications", and "Biogeochemical processes of high arsenic groundwater in inland basins" Hosting this congress in Australia was welcome and valued by the local scientific communities. Australia is a mineral rich country where mining has generated significant economic benefit to its people. Unfortunately historical mining for base metals, gold and arsenic had led to environmental contamination of arsenic. Locally produced arsenical compounds were widely used as pesticides and in timber preservation. It is known that there are several thousands of cattle- and sheep-dip sites contaminated with arsenic in Australia. However, commonly observed symptoms of chronic arsenic poisonings such as those found in endemic-blackfoot areas are seemingly absent from these types of environmental contamination due to good quality of potable water supply. Does this fall in the classic argument of "the dose makes the poison"? This congress theme of "understanding the geological and medical interface of arsenic" will advance our knowledge in minimising the risk posted by this so-called number one prioritised contaminant – arsenic.
Download or read book Arsenic written by Bryan Black and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 1999 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recently lowered arsenic maximum contaminant level (MCL) presents new challenges in the monitoring and treatment capabilities of drinking water utilities. This report provides advice to utilities and consultants as they monitor, make treatment modifications to control arsenic, and explain arsenic issues to the public. It overviews research on arsenic in drinking water with respect to health issues, occurrence, monitoring and treatment, and reviews the major treatment processescoagulation, lime softening, iron-manganese removal, ion exchange, activated alumina, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and augmented micro- or ultrafiltration. No index. Member price, $85. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Book Synopsis Arsenic Water Resources Contamination by : Ali Fares
Download or read book Arsenic Water Resources Contamination written by Ali Fares and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume brings together a diverse group of environmental science, sustainability and health researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by arsenic water contamination. The book sheds light on this global environmental issue, and proposes solutions to aquatic contamination through a multi-disciplinary lens and case studies from Bangladesh and India. The book may serve as a reference to environment and sustainability researchers, students and policy makers. Part one of the book describes the issue of arsenic contamination in ground water and river basins, including its source and distribution in specific locations in India. Part two explains the routes of exposure to environmental arsenic, its transport in aquatic ecosystems, and the health risks linked to arsenic exposure in food and the environment. Part three addresses sustainable arsenic contamination mitigation strategies and policies, the socioeconomic, demographic, cultural and psychological aspects of arsenic contamination, and the potential applications of GIS and remote sensing in providing solutions. Part four concludes by discussing the role of local and regional institutions in water resources management for a variety of issues including but not limited to arsenic contamination, and presents a case study in the Indus river basin in Pakistan to propose future contamination mitigation strategies.
Book Synopsis The Characterization, Persistence, and Bioaccessibility of Roaster-derived Arsenic in Surface Soils at Giant Mine, Yellowknife, NT by : Mackenzie Jane Bromstad
Download or read book The Characterization, Persistence, and Bioaccessibility of Roaster-derived Arsenic in Surface Soils at Giant Mine, Yellowknife, NT written by Mackenzie Jane Bromstad and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 20,000 tonnes of arsenic (As)-bearing emissions from roasting arsenopyrite ore were aerially released from 1949-1999 at Giant Mine, located outside Yellowknife, NT. As part of the process used to free refractory gold (Au) from arsenopyrite (FeAsS), roasting created As-bearing roaster off-gases that condensed into As2O3, one of the most toxic As compounds to humans. Roaster emissions also contained some As-bearing iron (Fe)- oxides. Arsenic emission controls were first implemented in 1951, and by the time the emission control process was completely refined in 1963, 86% of the total aerial As emissions at Giant had been released into the surrounding area. The continued presence of roaster-derived As2O3 in surface soils at Giant has been previously documented despite its theoretical instability in oxidizing surface environments. Wrye (2008) found As concentrations in roaster-affected soils occurring on rock outcrop (covering ~30% of the Giant property) greater than in many other surface soils; most outcrop soils were not considered when delineating areas of contaminated material for future removal in the Giant Mine Remediation Plan (currently undergoing environmental assessment). To investigate roaster-derived As persistence, outcrop soils and soil pore waters were analyzed. Comparing proportions of As, Sb, and Au concentrations in soil samples and historic As2O3-rich dust captured by emission controls show that most of the roaster-derived As in soils at Giant was likely deposited before 1964. Thin section examination has shown that while the vast majority of discrete As hosts in soils are As2O3, textural relationships and certain secondary As hosts in soils indicate that As2O3 is not static in surface soils and could be transforming over time, albeit very slowly. Bulk chemical relationships among As, antimony (Sb), and carbon support this. Topographic restriction by rock outcrops and dry, cold climate probably play a large role in elevated As concentrations and As2O3 persistence in outcrop soils. In light of possible future human exposure, As bioaccessibility from three adjacent samples was determined for synthetic human gastric (34%) and lung (18%) fluids.
Author :Subcommittee on Arsenic in Drinking Water Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309553679 Total Pages :331 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Arsenic in Drinking Water by : Subcommittee on Arsenic in Drinking Water
Download or read book Arsenic in Drinking Water written by Subcommittee on Arsenic in Drinking Water and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been considering a more stringent regulation of arsenic in water. A significant reduction in the maximum contaminant level (MCL) could increase compliance costs for water utilities. This book discusses the adequacy of the current EPA MCL for protecting human health in the context of stated EPA policy and provides an unbiased scientific basis for deriving the arsenic standard for drinking water and surface water. Arsenic in Drinking Water evaluates epidemiological data on the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health effects of arsenic exposure of Taiwanese populations and compares those effects with the effects of arsenic exposure demonstrated in other countriesincluding the United States. The book also reviews data on toxicokinetics, metabolism, and mechanism and mode of action of arsenic to ascertain how these data could assist in assessing human health risks from arsenic exposures. This volume recommends specific changes to improve the toxicity analyses and risk characterization. The implications of the changes for EPAs current MCL for arsenic are also described.
Book Synopsis Arsenic Toxicity Remediation by : Nitish Kumar
Download or read book Arsenic Toxicity Remediation written by Nitish Kumar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Global Arsenic Problem by : Nalan Kabay
Download or read book The Global Arsenic Problem written by Nalan Kabay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-04-26 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A prevalent and increasingly important issue, arsenic removal continues to be one of the most important areas of water treatment. Conventional treatment plants may employ several methods for removing arsenic from water. Commonly used processes include oxidation, sedimentation, coagulation and filtration, lime treatment, adsorption onto sorptiv
