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Applied Diffraction Theory
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Book Synopsis X-Ray Diffraction for Materials Research by : Myeongkyu Lee
Download or read book X-Ray Diffraction for Materials Research written by Myeongkyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray diffraction is a useful and powerful analysis technique for characterizing crystalline materials commonly employed in MSE, physics, and chemistry. This informative new book describes the principles of X-ray diffraction and its applications to materials characterization. It consists of three parts. The first deals with elementary crystallography and optics, which is essential for understanding the theory of X-ray diffraction discussed in the second section of the book. Part 2 describes how the X-ray diffraction can be applied for characterizing such various forms of materials as thin films, single crystals, and powders. The third section of the book covers applications of X-ray diffraction. The book presents a number of examples to help readers better comprehend the subject. X-Ray Diffraction for Materials Research: From Fundamentals to Applications also • provides background knowledge of diffraction to enable nonspecialists to become familiar with the topics • covers the practical applications as well as the underlying principle of X-ray diffraction • presents appropriate examples with answers to help readers understand the contents more easily • includes thin film characterization by X-ray diffraction with relevant experimental techniques • presents a huge number of elaborately drawn graphics to help illustrate the content The book will help readers (students and researchers in materials science, physics, and chemistry) understand crystallography and crystal structures, interference and diffraction, structural analysis of bulk materials, characterization of thin films, and nondestructive measurement of internal stress and phase transition. Diffraction is an optical phenomenon and thus can be better understood when it is explained with an optical approach, which has been neglected in other books. This book helps to fill that gap, providing information to convey the concept of X-ray diffraction and how it can be applied to the materials analysis. This book will be a valuable reference book for researchers in the field and will work well as a good introductory book of X-ray diffraction for students in materials science, physics, and chemistry.
Book Synopsis Diffraction Analysis of the Microstructure of Materials by : Eric J. Mittemeijer
Download or read book Diffraction Analysis of the Microstructure of Materials written by Eric J. Mittemeijer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overview of diffraction methods applied to the analysis of the microstructure of materials. Since crystallite size and the presence of lattice defects have a decisive influence on the properties of many engineering materials, information about this microstructure is of vital importance in developing and assessing materials for practical applications. The most powerful and usually non-destructive evaluation techniques available are X-ray and neutron diffraction. The book details, among other things, diffraction-line broadening methods for determining crystallite size and atomic-scale strain due, e.g. to dislocations, and methods for the analysis of residual (macroscale) stress. The book assumes only a basic knowledge of solid-state physics and supplies readers sufficient information to apply the methods themselves.
Download or read book Powder Diffraction written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applied Frequency-Domain Electromagnetics by : Robert Paknys
Download or read book Applied Frequency-Domain Electromagnetics written by Robert Paknys and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding electromagnetic wave theory is pivotal in the design of antennas, microwave circuits, radars, and imaging systems. Researchers behind technology advances in these and other areas need to understand both the classical theory of electromagnetics as well as modern and emerging techniques of solving Maxwell's equations. To this end, the book provides a graduate-level treatment of selected analytical and computational methods. The analytical methods include the separation of variables, perturbation theory, Green's functions, geometrical optics, the geometrical theory of diffraction, physical optics, and the physical theory of diffraction. The numerical techniques include mode matching, the method of moments, and the finite element method. The analytical methods provide physical insights that are valuable in the design process and the invention of new devices. The numerical methods are more capable of treating general and complex structures. Together, they form a basis for modern electromagnetic design. The level of presentation allows the reader to immediately begin applying the methods to some problems of moderate complexity. It also provides explanations of the underlying theories so that their capabilities and limitations can be understood.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Theory of Diffraction by : Arnold Sommerfeld
Download or read book Mathematical Theory of Diffraction written by Arnold Sommerfeld and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A. Sommerfeld's "Mathematische Theorie der Diffraction" marks a milestone in optical theory, full of insights that are still relevant today. In a stunning tour de force, Sommerfeld derives the first mathematically rigorous solution of an optical diffraction problem. Indeed, his diffraction analysis is a surprisingly rich and complex mix of pure and applied mathematics, and his often-cited diffraction solution is presented only as an application of a much more general set of mathematical results. This complete translation, reflecting substantial scholarship, is the first publication in English of Sommerfeld's original work. The extensive notes by the translators are rich in historical background and provide many technical details for the reader.
Book Synopsis Scattering Theory for Diffraction Gratings by : Calvin H. Wilcox
Download or read book Scattering Theory for Diffraction Gratings written by Calvin H. Wilcox and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scattering of acoustic and electromagnetic waves by periodic sur faces plays a role in many areas of applied physics and engineering. Opti cal diffraction gratings date from the nineteenth century and are still widely used by spectroscopists. More recently, diffraction gratings have been used as coupling devices for optical waveguides. Trains of surface waves on the oceans are natural diffraction gratings which influence the scattering of electromagnetic waves and underwater sound. Similarly, the surface of a crystal acts as a diffraction grating for the scattering of atomic beams. This list of natural and artificial diffraction gratings could easily be extended. The purpose of this monograph is to develop from first principles a theory of the scattering of acoustic and electromagnetic waves by periodic surfaces. In physical terms, the scattering of both time-harmonic and transient fields is analyzed. The corresponding mathematical model leads to the study of boundary value problems for the Helmholtz and d'Alembert wave equations in plane domains bounded by periodic curves. In the formal ism adopted here these problems are intimately related to the spectral analysis of the Laplace operator, acting in a Hilbert space of functions defined in the domain adjacent to the grating.
Download or read book Applied RHEED written by Wolfgang Braun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-04-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes RHEED (reflection high-energy electron diffraction) used as a tool for crystal growth. New methods using RHEED to characterize surfaces and interfaces during crystal growth by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) are presented. Special emphasis is put on RHEED intensity oscillations, segregation phenomena, electron energy-loss spectroscopy and RHEED with rotating substrates.
Book Synopsis Trends in Applied Theoretical Chemistry by : L.A. Montero
Download or read book Trends in Applied Theoretical Chemistry written by L.A. Montero and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume gathers a series of selected and updated contributions presented at the International Symposium on Applied Theoretical Chemistry held in Havana, Cuba, July 2-6, 1990. This Symposium was intended to illustrate current applications of Theoretical Chemistry in different fields of Physical Chemistry. Theoretical Chemistry has become a powerful tool of investigation in all areas of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physical Chemistry. The plenary lectures given in the Symposium were classified into four topics: Atom-Surface Interactions, Chemical Reaction Mechanisms, Molecular Structure and Properties, and Molecular Spectroscopy. We retain the same division in this volume. Over 60 scientists from Cuba, Finland, France, Germany, Great-Britain, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Sweden, USA, USSR, and Venezuela participated in the Conference. Twenty plenary lectures were given by distinguished members of the international scientific community. Furthermore, a large number of posters were presented by younger experts in various fields of Theoretical Chemistry. This International Symposium was organized by the Faculty of Chemistry of the University of Havana and the Cuban Chemical Society. It was an opportunity to bring together in Havana several outstanding scientists from various countries of the world. Havana is worldwide renown for its wonderful climate, the hospitality of its inhabitants, and the proximity of beautiful touring resorts.
Book Synopsis Applied Digital Optics by : Bernard C. Kress
Download or read book Applied Digital Optics written by Bernard C. Kress and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-11-04 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miniaturization and mass replications have begun to lead the optical industry in the transition from traditional analog to novel digital optics. As digital optics enter the realm of mainstream technology through the worldwide sale of consumer electronic devices, this timely book aims to present the topic of digital optics in a unified way. Ranging from micro-optics to nanophotonics, and design to fabrication through to integration in final products, it reviews the various physical implementations of digital optics in either micro-refractives, waveguide (planar lightwave chips), diffractive and hybrid optics or sub-wavelength structures (resonant gratings, surface plasmons, photonic crystals and metamaterials). Finally, it presents a comprehensive list of industrial and commercial applications that are taking advantage of the unique properties of digital optics. Applied Digital Optics is aimed primarily at optical engineers and product development and technical marketing managers; it is also of interest to graduate-level photonics students and micro-optic foundries. Helps optical engineers review and choose the appropriate software tools to design, model and generate fabrication files. Gives product managers access to an exhaustive list of applications available in today’s market for integrating such digital optics, as well as where the next potential application of digital optics might be. Provides a broad view for technical marketing managers in all aspects of digital optics, and how such optics can be classified. Explains the numerical implementation of optical design and modelling techniques. Enables micro-optics foundries to integrate the latest fabrication and replication techniques, and accordingly fine tune their own fabrication processes.
Book Synopsis General Theory of Light Propagation and Imaging Through the Atmosphere by : T. Stewart McKechnie
Download or read book General Theory of Light Propagation and Imaging Through the Atmosphere written by T. Stewart McKechnie and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-06 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2nd edition lays out an updated version of the general theory of light propagation and imaging through Earth’s turbulent atmosphere initially developed in the late ‘70s and ‘80s, with additional applications in the areas of laser communications and high-energy laser beam propagation. New material includes a chapter providing a comprehensive mathematical tool set for precisely characterizing image formation with the anticipated Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTS), enabling a staggering range of star image shapes and sizes; existing chapters rewritten or modified so as to supplement the mathematics with clearer physical insight through written and graphical means; a history of the development of present-day understanding of light propagation and imaging through the atmosphere as represented by the general theory described. Beginning with the rudimentary, geometrical-optics based understanding of a century ago, it describes advances made in the 1960s, including the development of the ‘Kolmogorov theory,’ the deficiencies of which undermined its credibility, but not before it had done enormous damage, such as construction of a generation of underperforming ‘light bucket’ telescopes. The general theory requires no a priori turbulence assumptions. Instead, it provides means for calculating the turbulence properties directly from readily-measurable properties of star images.
Download or read book Advances in Applied Mechanics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1987-07-29 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Applied Mechanics
Author :Michael T. Hutchings Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780792318095 Total Pages :622 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction by : Michael T. Hutchings
Download or read book Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction written by Michael T. Hutchings and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relevance of residual stresses in engineering components is being increasingly appreciated by modern engineers concerned with design and performance. The non-destructive evaluation of such stresses has provided a challenge which has been addressed by the use of X-ray diffraction to characterize near-surface stresses. The extension of diffraction stress measurements to include neutron diffraction represents a major advance. Use of the penetrating power of neutrons is ideally suited to the determination of macrostress variation through thick components and of microstresses in composites and multiphase alloys. This collection of papers on the subject is the first of its kind and represents a definitive summary of the field. With contributions by most of the world's experts, it gives a comprehensive treatment of the theory, practice and problems in the measurement of residual stresses using neutrons, with references to virtually all work currently in print. It provides state-of-the-art information about the uses and limitations of the method, with numerous examples. It is appropriate both for those currently using X-ray methods, and f
Book Synopsis Advances in Engineering Materials and Applied Mechanics by : Guangde Zhang
Download or read book Advances in Engineering Materials and Applied Mechanics written by Guangde Zhang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rapid development of Machinery, Materials Science and Engineering Application, discussion on new ideas related mechanical engineering and materials science arise. In this proceedings volume the author(s) are focussed on Machinery, Materials Science and Engineering Applications and other related topics. The Conference has pro
Book Synopsis Applied Frequency-Domain Electromagnetics by : Robert Paknys
Download or read book Applied Frequency-Domain Electromagnetics written by Robert Paknys and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding electromagnetic wave theory is pivotal in the design of antennas, microwave circuits, radars, and imaging systems. Researchers behind technology advances in these and other areas need to understand both the classical theory of electromagnetics as well as modern and emerging techniques of solving Maxwell's equations. To this end, the book provides a graduate-level treatment of selected analytical and computational methods. The analytical methods include the separation of variables, perturbation theory, Green's functions, geometrical optics, the geometrical theory of diffraction, physical optics, and the physical theory of diffraction. The numerical techniques include mode matching, the method of moments, and the finite element method. The analytical methods provide physical insights that are valuable in the design process and the invention of new devices. The numerical methods are more capable of treating general and complex structures. Together, they form a basis for modern electromagnetic design. The level of presentation allows the reader to immediately begin applying the methods to some problems of moderate complexity. It also provides explanations of the underlying theories so that their capabilities and limitations can be understood.
Book Synopsis Modern Electromagnetic Scattering Theory with Applications by : Andrey V. Osipov
Download or read book Modern Electromagnetic Scattering Theory with Applications written by Andrey V. Osipov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This self-contained book gives fundamental knowledge about scattering and diffraction of electromagnetic waves and fills the gap between general electromagnetic theory courses and collections of engineering formulas. The book is a tutorial for advanced students learning the mathematics and physics of electromagnetic scattering and curious to know how engineering concepts and techniques relate to the foundations of electromagnetics
Book Synopsis Dynamical Theory of X-ray Diffraction by : André Authier
Download or read book Dynamical Theory of X-ray Diffraction written by André Authier and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Book Synopsis Introduction to Applied Optics for Engineers by : F. Paul Carlson
Download or read book Introduction to Applied Optics for Engineers written by F. Paul Carlson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Applied Optics for Engineers introduces the reader to applied optics and presents ideas on coherent optical data processing. Topics covered include applications and approximations for radiation fields; physical realizations of phase transformers, lenses, and systems; applications of optical filtering to data processing; and partial coherence. Several examples from bioengineering-related research are provided. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an introduction to the basic equations of physical optics that are derived using the wave treatment approach, resulting in the simpler geometrical (ray) optics approximation. The differential form of Maxwell's equations is considered, along with propagation in free space and Fermat's principle. The following chapters explore applications and approximations for radiation fields, with emphasis on Fraunhofer fields, circular and multiple apertures, and phase effects in apertures; physical realizations of phase transformers, lenses, and spherical and parabolic surfaces; and system transform concepts including Fourier transform representation of fields and calculation techniques for imaging through a lens. The remaining chapters focus on interface devices, interferometry, holography, and scattering. This monograph is intended for students and engineers with a traditional background in electromagnetic wave theory.
