Anthropologists And The Rediscovery Of America 1886 1965

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Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886–1965

Author : John S. Gilkeson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139491180
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886–1965 by : John S. Gilkeson

Download or read book Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886–1965 written by John S. Gilkeson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-09-20 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the intersection of cultural anthropology and American cultural nationalism from 1886, when Franz Boas left Germany for the United States, until 1965, when the National Endowment for the Humanities was established. Five chapters trace the development within academic anthropology of the concepts of culture, social class, national character, value, and civilization, and their dissemination to non-anthropologists. As Americans came to think of culture anthropologically, as a 'complex whole' far broader and more inclusive than Matthew Arnold's 'the best which has been thought and said', so, too, did they come to see American communities as stratified into social classes distinguished by their subcultures; to attribute the making of the American character to socialization rather than birth; to locate the distinctiveness of American culture in its unconscious canons of choice; and to view American culture and civilization in a global perspective.

Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886-1965

Author : John S. Gilkeson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780511932731
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886-1965 by : John S. Gilkeson

Download or read book Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886-1965 written by John S. Gilkeson and published by . This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How a small group of anthropologists shaped American thought from the late nineteenth century until the mid-1960s.

From Boas to Black Power

Author : Mark Anderson
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503607887
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis From Boas to Black Power by : Mark Anderson

Download or read book From Boas to Black Power written by Mark Anderson and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Boas to Black Power investigates how U.S. cultural anthropologists wrote about race, racism, and "America" in the 20th century as a window into the greater project of U.S. anti-racist liberalism. Anthropology as a discipline and the American project share a common origin: their very foundations are built upon white supremacy, and both are still reckoning with their racist legacies. In this groundbreaking intellectual history of anti-racism within twentieth-century cultural anthropology, Mark Anderson starts with the legacy of Franz Boas and Ruth Benedict and continues through the post-war and Black Power movement to the birth of the Black Studies discipline, exploring the problem "America" represents for liberal anti-racism. Anderson shows how cultural anthropology contributed to liberal American discourses on race that simultaneously bolstered and denied white domination. From Boas to Black Power provides a major rethinking of anthropological anti-racism as a project that, in step with the American racial liberalism it helped create, paradoxically maintained white American hegemony. Anthropologists influenced by radical political movements of the 1960s offered the first sustained challenge to that project, calling attention to the racial contradictions of American liberalism reflected in anthropology. Their critiques remain relevant for the discipline and the nation.

A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences

Author : Roger E. Backhouse
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107037727
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences by : Roger E. Backhouse

Download or read book A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences written by Roger E. Backhouse and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences exposes parallels and contrasts in the way the histories of the social sciences are written.

The Poverty of the World

Author : Sheyda F. A. Jahanbani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019976591X
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Poverty of the World by : Sheyda F. A. Jahanbani

Download or read book The Poverty of the World written by Sheyda F. A. Jahanbani and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-22 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the middle of the twentieth century, liberal intellectuals and policymakers in the United States came to see poverty as a global problem. Applying Progressive era and Depression insights about the causes of poverty to the post-World War II challenges posed by the Cold War and decolonization, they developed new ideas about why poverty persisted. The problem, they argued, was that the poor at home and abroad were alienated from the enormous opportunities industrial capitalism provided. Left unsolved, that problem, they believed, would threaten world peace. In The Poverty of the World, Sheyda Jahanbani brings together the histories of US foreign relations and domestic politics to explain why, during a period of unprecedented affluence, Americans rediscovered poverty and supported major policy initiative to combat it. Revisiting a moment of triumph for American liberals in the 1940s, Jahanbani shows how the US's newfound role as a global superpower prompted novel ideas among liberal thinkers about how to address poverty and generated new urgency for trying to do so. Their sense of responsibility about deploying American knowledge and wealth as a beneficent force in the world, produced such foreign aid programs as the Peace Corps. As Americans came to recognize the problem beyond the country's borders, they turned the idea of "underdevelopment" inward to explain poverty in urban neighborhoods and rural communities at home, inspiring Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty and his domestic peace corps, Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA). Drawing on a wide variety of archival material, Jahanbani reinterprets the lives and work of prominent liberal figures in postwar American social politics, from Oscar Lewis to John Kenneth Galbraith, Michael Harrington to Sargent Shriver, to show the global origins of their ideas. By tracing how American liberals invented the problem of "global poverty" and executed a war against it, The Poverty of the World sheds new light on the domestic impacts of the Cold War, the global ambitions of American liberalism, and the way in which key intellectuals and policymakers worked to develop an alternative vision of US empire in the decades after World War II.

Gods of the Upper Air

Author : Charles King
Publisher : Anchor
ISBN 13 : 0525432329
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (254 download)

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Book Synopsis Gods of the Upper Air by : Charles King

Download or read book Gods of the Upper Air written by Charles King and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2020 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award Winner Finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award From an award-winning historian comes a dazzling history of the birth of cultural anthropology and the adventurous scientists who pioneered it—a sweeping chronicle of discovery and the fascinating origin story of our multicultural world. A century ago, everyone knew that people were fated by their race, sex, and nationality to be more or less intelligent, nurturing, or warlike. But Columbia University professor Franz Boas looked at the data and decided everyone was wrong. Racial categories, he insisted, were biological fictions. Cultures did not come in neat packages labeled "primitive" or "advanced." What counted as a family, a good meal, or even common sense was a product of history and circumstance, not of nature. In Gods of the Upper Air, a masterful narrative history of radical ideas and passionate lives, Charles King shows how these intuitions led to a fundamental reimagining of human diversity. Boas's students were some of the century's most colorful figures and unsung visionaries: Margaret Mead, the outspoken field researcher whose Coming of Age in Samoa is among the most widely read works of social science of all time; Ruth Benedict, the great love of Mead's life, whose research shaped post-Second World War Japan; Ella Deloria, the Dakota Sioux activist who preserved the traditions of Native Americans on the Great Plains; and Zora Neale Hurston, whose studies under Boas fed directly into her now classic novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God. Together, they mapped civilizations from the American South to the South Pacific and from Caribbean islands to Manhattan's city streets, and unearthed an essential fact buried by centuries of prejudice: that humanity is an undivided whole. Their revolutionary findings would go on to inspire the fluid conceptions of identity we know today. Rich in drama, conflict, friendship, and love, Gods of the Upper Air is a brilliant and groundbreaking history of American progress and the opening of the modern mind.

Culture Writing

Author : Tim Watson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190852690
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Culture Writing by : Tim Watson

Download or read book Culture Writing written by Tim Watson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-19 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the 1950s and early 1960s, Culture Writing argues that this period in Britain, the United States, France, and the Caribbean was characterized by dynamic exchanges between literary writers and anthropologists on both sides of the Atlantic. As the British and French empires collapsed and the United States rose to global power in the early Cold War, and as intellectuals from the decolonizing world challenged the cultural hegemony of the West, some anthropologists began to assess their discipline's complicity with empire and experimented with literary forms and technique. Culture Writing shows that the "literary turn" in anthropology took place earlier than has conventionally been assumed, in the 1950s rather than the 1970s and 80s. Simultaneously, some literary writers reacted to the end of the period of modernist experimentation by turning to ethnographic methods for representing the people and cultural practices of Britain, France, and the United States, bringing anthropology back home. There is analysis of literary writers who had a significant professional engagement with anthropology and brought some of its techniques and research questions into literary composition: Barbara Pym (Britain), Ursula Le Guin and Saul Bellow (United States), Édouard Glissant (Martinique), and Michel Leiris (France). On the side of ethnography, the book analyzes works by anthropologists who either explicitly or surreptitiously adopted literary forms for their writing about culture: Laura Bohannan (United States), Michel Leiris and Claude Lévi-Strauss (France), and Mary Douglas (Britain). Culture Writing concludes with an epilogue that shows how the literature-anthropology conversation continues into the postcolonial period in the work of Indian author-anthropologist Amitav Ghosh and Jamaican author-sociologist Erna Brodber.

Darwinism, Democracy, and Race

Author : John Jackson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351810782
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Darwinism, Democracy, and Race by : John Jackson

Download or read book Darwinism, Democracy, and Race written by John Jackson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: in the footsteps of Franz Boas -- 2 Franz Boas and the argument from presumption -- 3 Demarcating anthropology: the boundary work of Alfred Kroeber -- 4 Theodosius Dobzhansky and the argument from definition -- 5 Unifying science by creating community: the epideictic rhetoric of Sherwood Washburn -- 6 A kairos moment unmet and met: the controversy over Carleton Coon's The Origin of Races -- 7 Epilogue: the roots of the Sociobiology controversy, the infirmities of Evolutionary Psychology, and the unity of anthropology -- Index

The Cambridge History of American Modernism

Author : Mark Whalan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108808026
Total Pages : 948 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge History of American Modernism by : Mark Whalan

Download or read book The Cambridge History of American Modernism written by Mark Whalan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge History of American Modernism examines one of the most innovative periods of American literary history. It offers a comprehensive account of the forms, genres, and media that characterized US modernism: coverage ranges from the traditional, such as short stories, novels, and poetry, to the new media that shaped the period's literary culture, such as jazz, cinema, the skyscraper, and radio. This volume charts how recent methodologies such as ecocriticism, geomodernism, and print culture studies have refashioned understandings of the field, and attends to the contestations and inequities of race, sovereignty, gender, sexuality, and ethnicity that shaped the period and its cultural production. It also explores the geographies and communities wherein US modernism flourished-from its distinctive regions to its metropolitan cities, from its hemispheric connections to the salons and political groupings that hosted new cultural collaborations.

Prophets and Ghosts

Author : Samuel J. Redman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674979575
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Prophets and Ghosts by : Samuel J. Redman

Download or read book Prophets and Ghosts written by Samuel J. Redman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A searching account of nineteenth-century salvage anthropology, an effort to preserve the culture of ÒvanishingÓ Indigenous peoples through dispossession of the very communities it was meant to protect. In the late nineteenth century, anthropologists, linguists, archaeologists, and other chroniclers began amassing Indigenous cultural objectsÑcrafts, clothing, images, song recordingsÑby the millions. Convinced that Indigenous peoples were doomed to disappear, collectors donated these objects to museums and universities that would preserve and exhibit them. Samuel Redman dives into the archive to understand what the collectors deemed the tradition of the Òvanishing IndianÓ and what we can learn from the complex legacy of salvage anthropology. The salvage catalog betrays a vision of Native cultures clouded by racist assumptionsÑa vision that had lasting consequences. The collecting practice became an engine of the American museum and significantly shaped public education and preservation, as well as popular ideas about Indigenous cultures. Prophets and Ghosts teases out the moral challenges inherent in the salvage project. Preservationists successfully maintained an important human inheritance, sometimes through collaboration with Indigenous people, but collectorsÕ methods also included outright theft. The resulting portrait of Indigenous culture reinforced the publicÕs confidence in the hierarchies of superiority and inferiority invented by ÒscientificÓ racism. Today the same salvaged objects are sources of invaluable knowledge for researchers and museum visitors. But the question of what should be done with such collections is nonetheless urgent. Redman interviews Indigenous artists and curators, who offer fresh perspectives on the history and impact of cultural salvage, pointing to new ideas on how we might contend with a challenging inheritance.

The Lost Black Scholar

Author : David A. Varel
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022653491X
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis The Lost Black Scholar by : David A. Varel

Download or read book The Lost Black Scholar written by David A. Varel and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allison Davis (1902–83), a preeminent black scholar and social science pioneer, is perhaps best known for his groundbreaking investigations into inequality, Jim Crow America, and the cultural biases of intelligence testing. Davis, one of America’s first black anthropologists and the first tenured African American professor at a predominantly white university, produced work that had tangible and lasting effects on public policy, including contributions to Brown v. Board of Education, the federal Head Start program, and school testing practices. Yet Davis remains largely absent from the historical record. For someone who generated such an extensive body of work this marginalization is particularly surprising. But it is also revelatory. In The Lost Black Scholar, David A. Varel tells Davis’s compelling story, showing how a combination of institutional racism, disciplinary eclecticism, and iconoclastic thinking effectively sidelined him as an intellectual. A close look at Davis’s career sheds light not only on the racial politics of the academy but also the costs of being an innovator outside of the mainstream. Equally important, Varel argues that Davis exemplifies how black scholars led the way in advancing American social thought. Even though he was rarely acknowledged for it, Davis refuted scientific racism and laid bare the environmental roots of human difference more deftly than most of his white peers, by pushing social science in bold new directions. Varel shows how Davis effectively helped to lay the groundwork for the civil rights movement.

A Strange Mixture

Author : Sascha T. Scott
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 080615151X
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis A Strange Mixture by : Sascha T. Scott

Download or read book A Strange Mixture written by Sascha T. Scott and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2015-01-21 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attracted to the rich ceremonial life and unique architecture of the New Mexico pueblos, many early-twentieth-century artists depicted Pueblo peoples, places, and culture in paintings. These artists’ encounters with Pueblo Indians fostered their awareness of Native political struggles and led them to join with Pueblo communities to champion Indian rights. In this book, art historian Sascha T. Scott examines the ways in which non-Pueblo and Pueblo artists advocated for American Indian cultures by confronting some of the cultural, legal, and political issues of the day. Scott closely examines the work of five diverse artists, exploring how their art was shaped by and helped to shape Indian politics. She places the art within the context of the interwar period, 1915–30, a time when federal Indian policy shifted away from forced assimilation and toward preservation of Native cultures. Through careful analysis of paintings by Ernest L. Blumenschein, John Sloan, Marsden Hartley, and Awa Tsireh (Alfonso Roybal), Scott shows how their depictions of thriving Pueblo life and rituals promoted cultural preservation and challenged the pervasive romanticizing theme of the “vanishing Indian.” Georgia O’Keeffe’s images of Pueblo dances, which connect abstraction with lived experience, testify to the legacy of these political and aesthetic transformations. Scott makes use of anthropology, history, and indigenous studies in her art historical narrative. She is one of the first scholars to address varied responses to issues of cultural preservation by aesthetically and culturally diverse artists, including Pueblo painters. Beautifully designed, this book features nearly sixty artworks reproduced in full color.

Inside Science

Author : Robert E. Kohler
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022661803X
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis Inside Science by : Robert E. Kohler

Download or read book Inside Science written by Robert E. Kohler and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Context and situation always matter in both human and animal lives. Unique insights can be gleaned from conducting scientific studies from within human communities and animal habitats. Inside Science is a novel treatment of this distinctive mode of fieldwork. Robert E. Kohler illuminates these resident practices through close analyses of classic studies: of Trobriand Islanders, Chicago hobos, corner boys in Boston’s North End, Jane Goodall’s chimpanzees of the Gombe Stream Reserve, and more. Intensive firsthand observation; a preference for generalizing from observed particulars, rather than from universal principles; and an ultimate framing of their results in narrative form characterize these inside stories from the field. Resident observing takes place across a range of sciences, from anthropology and sociology to primatology, wildlife ecology, and beyond. What makes it special, Kohler argues, is the direct access it affords scientists to the contexts in which their subjects live and act. These scientists understand their subjects not by keeping their distance but by living among them and engaging with them in ways large and small. This approach also demonstrates how science and everyday life—often assumed to be different and separate ways of knowing—are in fact overlapping aspects of the human experience. This story-driven exploration is perfect for historians, sociologists, and philosophers who want to know how scientists go about making robust knowledge of nature and society.

Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities

Author : Nathan, M. Sorber
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000190544
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities by : Nathan, M. Sorber

Download or read book Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities written by Nathan, M. Sorber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities explores major ideas which have shaped the history and development of higher education in North America and considers how these inform contemporary innovations in the sector. Chapters address intellectual, organizational, social, and political movements which occurred across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and have impacted the policies, scholarship, and practices enacted at a variety of public and private institutions throughout the United States. Topics addressed include the politics of racial segregation, the place of religion in Higher Education, and models of leadership. Through rigorous historical analyses of education reform cases, this text puts forward useful lessons on how colleges and universities have navigated change in the past, and may do so in the future. This text will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and students in the fields of Higher Education, administration and leadership, as well as the history of education and educational reform.

The Franz Boas Papers, Volume 1

Author : Franz Boas
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
ISBN 13 : 0803269846
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Franz Boas Papers, Volume 1 by : Franz Boas

Download or read book The Franz Boas Papers, Volume 1 written by Franz Boas and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2015-08-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The introductory volume to the Franz Boas Papers: Documentary Edition, which examines Boas' stature as public intellectual in three crucial dimensions: theory, ethnography and activism"--

Nightmare Envy and Other Stories

Author : George Blaustein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190871369
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Nightmare Envy and Other Stories by : George Blaustein

Download or read book Nightmare Envy and Other Stories written by George Blaustein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-05 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What has it meant to be an Americanist? What did it mean to be an Americanist through fascism, war, and occupation? Nightmare Envy and Other Stories is a study of Americanist writing and institutions in the 20th century. Four chapters trace four routes through the mid-twentieth century. The first chapter is the hidden history of American Studies in the United States, Europe and Japan. The second is the strange career of "national character" in anthropology. The third is a contest between military occupation and cultural diplomacy in Europe. The fourth is the emergence and fate of the "American Renaissance," as the scholar and literary critic F.O. Matthiessen carried a canon of radical literature across the Iron Curtain. Each chapter culminates in the postwar period, when the ruin of postwar Europe led writers and intellectuals on both sides of the Atlantic to understand America in new ways. Many of our modern myths of the United States and Europe were formed in this moment. Some saw the United States assume the mantle of cultural redeemer. Others saw a stereotypical America, rich in civilization but poor in culture, overtake a stereotypical Europe, rich in culture and equally rich in disaster. Drawing on American and European archives, the book weaves cultural, intellectual, and diplomatic history, with portraits of Matthiessen, Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict, David Riesman, Alfred Kazin, and Ralph Ellison. It excavates the history of the Salzburg Seminar in American Civilization, where displaced persons, former Nazis, budding Communists, and glad-handing Americans met on the common ground of American culture. Others found keys to their own contexts in American books, reading Moby-Dick in the ruins. Nightmare Envy and Other Stories chronicles American encounters with European disaster, European encounters with American fiction, and the chasms over which culture had to reach.

Asylum Ways of Seeing

Author : Heather Murray
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812253574
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Asylum Ways of Seeing by : Heather Murray

Download or read book Asylum Ways of Seeing written by Heather Murray and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asylum Ways of Seeing uncovers a patient culture within twentieth-century American psychiatric hospitals that did not just imbibe ideas from the outside world, but generated ones of their own. In illuminating seemingly resigned patients in these settings, it makes a call to reconsider the philosophical possibilities within resignation.