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Antarctic Cloud And Surface Properties
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Book Synopsis Antarctic Cloud and Surface Properties by : Joannès Berque
Download or read book Antarctic Cloud and Surface Properties written by Joannès Berque and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A radiative transfer model of the Antarctic snow-atmosphere system was developed, as radiometric contrast between clouds and the snow hinders remote sensing of clouds and surface properties over the high ice sheets. The radiative effect of clouds at the top of the atmosphere was evaluated over the South Pole with ground-based lidar observations and data from NASA's Terra satellite.
Book Synopsis Antarctic Cloud Properties and Their Effect on the Surface Energy Budget by : Jeffrey R. Key
Download or read book Antarctic Cloud Properties and Their Effect on the Surface Energy Budget written by Jeffrey R. Key and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Antarctic Cloud Properties and Their Effect on the Surface Energy Budget by : Jeffrey R. Key
Download or read book Antarctic Cloud Properties and Their Effect on the Surface Energy Budget written by Jeffrey R. Key and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mixed-Phase Clouds by : Constantin Andronache
Download or read book Mixed-Phase Clouds written by Constantin Andronache and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. - Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate - Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry - Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling
Book Synopsis Radiative Forcing of Climate in the Western Antarctic Peninsula by : Allison McComiskey Payton
Download or read book Radiative Forcing of Climate in the Western Antarctic Peninsula written by Allison McComiskey Payton and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Antarctic Cloud Radiative Forcing at the Surface Estimated from the ISCCP D1 and AVHRR Polar Pathfinder Data Sets, 1985-1993 by : Michael J. Pavolonis
Download or read book Antarctic Cloud Radiative Forcing at the Surface Estimated from the ISCCP D1 and AVHRR Polar Pathfinder Data Sets, 1985-1993 written by Michael J. Pavolonis and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study of Cloud Properties and Processes in the Polar Regions by Combining Satellite and Ground-based Remote Sensing Measurements by : Loknath Adhikari
Download or read book Study of Cloud Properties and Processes in the Polar Regions by Combining Satellite and Ground-based Remote Sensing Measurements written by Loknath Adhikari and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clouds in the polar regions play an important roles in the hydrologic cycle, the local radiative balance, and polar sea ice. However, harsh climatic conditions and perennial snow and ice cover limits the collection of cloud data from the surface as well as the effectiveness of cloud detection with satellite passive sensors. Therefore, there is a lack of reliable data on polar clouds and their properties. This study combines active and passive measurements from the NASA A-Train satellites to overcome these shortcomings and to provide a novel approach to study on polar clouds. Multi-year CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) data are used to investigate the characteristics of tropospheric clouds and precipitation systems, and their effect on the occurrence and microphysical properties of polar stratospheric clouds in the Antarctic region, south of 60 °S. The lidar and radar data are collocated to derive a combined cloud mask to improve detection of cloud vertical structure. Polar stratospheric clouds were detected using CALIPSO attenuated lidar scattering ratios (ALSR) at a horizontal resolution of 20 km to achieve good signal-to-noise ratios to allow the detection of tenuous PSCs. Clouds in the Antarctic region exhibit distinct land-sea and seasonal variabilities. The mean annual cloud occurrence is ~ 50 % over the continent and ~ 85 % over the ocean. Over the ocean the mean occurrence is higher in summer (90 %) than in winter (70 %). Low-level clouds contribute to more than 60 % of the total clouds. However, due to the extensive snow cover and cold surfaces in winter these low-level cloud occurrences are smaller in winter (50 %) than in summer (65 %). For ice clouds, both the effective radius and ice water content are larger in summer than in winter. High-level and deep tropospheric clouds strongly affect polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) occurrence and their microphysical properties by providing additional cooling of the lower stratosphere, especially during late winter and early spring. 70 % of all PSCs and 80 % of ice PSCs are formed in connection with tropospheric cloud systems during September and October. Similarly, PSCs associated with tropospheric cloud systems have higher particle number concentration than PSCs not associated with tropospheric cloud systems. A novel stratiform mixed-phase cloud retrieval algorithm has been developed by combining CloudSat, CALIPSO and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements to address the large positive biases of the MODIS operational algorithm, which assumes a single liquid- or ice-phase in its retrieval for mixed-phase clouds. The algorithm is validated using collocated MODIS and ground-based measurements at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) North Slope Alaska (NSA) site. Results indicate that the new mixed-phase algorithm reduces the positive LWP biases of the operational MODIS algorithm from 35 % and 68 % to 10 % and 22 % over the temperature ranges of -5 to -10 °C and -10 to -20 °C, respectively.
Book Synopsis Impact of Clouds and Large-Scale Climate Forcing on the Surface Energy Balance and Melting of West Antarctica by : Ryan Scott
Download or read book Impact of Clouds and Large-Scale Climate Forcing on the Surface Energy Balance and Melting of West Antarctica written by Ryan Scott and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: West Antarctica is experiencing rapid ice loss and complex regional climate change. This dissertation investigates how cloud properties and the large-scale atmospheric circulation influence surface heat exchange and melting on West Antarctic ice shelves and ice sheet margins using field measurements, satellite observations, and atmospheric reanalysis data. Surface-based shortwave spectral irradiance measurements and satellite data reveal strong orographic controls on West Antarctic cloud formation and ice-phase microphysics. Orographically-forced updrafts and waves favor rapid conversion of supercooled liquid water into ice, which efficiently attenuates incoming solar near-infrared energy. Frequent intrusions of marine air from the Amundsen Sea anchor a semipermanent cloud band over the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) that continues downstream along the Transantarctic Mountain range. Cloud systems sampled downstream at Ross Island tend to be optically thin and radiatively dominated by ice water. In contrast, direct onshore flows of marine air from the Southern Ocean bring low clouds with enhanced liquid-phase spectral signatures. Radiative transfer calculations using vertically-resolved cloud data indicate that, owing to a dominance of longwave effects, clouds radiatively warm the surface of the WAIS in every month of the year. On annual average, cloud cover is estimated to warm the grounded ice-sheet by 34 Watts per square-meter. Thin low-level liquid-bearing clouds, which favor strong radiative heat input to the snow surface, are common during the summer melt season. Summer atmospheric warming in West Antarctica is favored by blocking activity over the Amundsen Sea and a negative phase of the Southern Annular Mode, which both correlate with El Niño conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Extensive melt events on the Ross and Pacific-sector coastal ice shelves are linked to persistent, intense Amundsen Sea anticyclones, which force intrusions of marine air over the ice-sheet. Surface melting is driven by enhanced downwelling longwave radiation from clouds and a warm, moist atmosphere and by downward turbulent mixing of sensible heat by föhn winds. Since the late 1990s, concurrent with accelerating ocean-driven WAIS mass loss, summer surface melt occurrence has increased from the Pine Island and Thwaites Glacier systems to the eastern Ross Ice Shelf, linked to increasing anticyclonic marine influence and regional sea-ice loss.
Book Synopsis The Influence of Meteorology and Clouds Properties on Downwelling Shortwave and Longwave Irradiance at Ross Island, Antarctica by : Kris Scarci
Download or read book The Influence of Meteorology and Clouds Properties on Downwelling Shortwave and Longwave Irradiance at Ross Island, Antarctica written by Kris Scarci and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the effect of clouds on atmospheric radiative processes affecting downwelling radiation is critical in discerning the causal nature of large-scale melt events in Antarctica. The influence of varying cloud types on solar and terrestrial radiation presents itself as a multifarious problem interwoven within many hierarchical orders of physical interactions across a range of spatial scales. In this work we show how large-scale meteorology leads to advection of moisture over varying terrain, influencing the microphysical properties of clouds and their effect on shortwave and longwave radiation at the Antarctic surface. Synoptic circulation patterns over West Antarctica (WA) were grouped and categorized by Scott et al. 2018 into four recurring meteorological regimes using k-means cluster analysis of daily 700 hPa geopotential height fields. Regime 1 is representative of warm surface air temperature, and moist marine air advection over WA with liquid-bearing and classical liquiddominated mixed-phase clouds. Regime 2 is characterized by large-scale subsidence, outflow of continental polar air, and anomalously clear skies. Regime 3 is of smaller sample size, and produces similar surface radiative flux levels to those of Regime 1. Regime 4 is distinguished by an orographic influence upstream of Ross Island, resulting in the formation of geometrically thick, mixed-phase clouds. This study focuses on the radiative differences in downwelling shortwave and longwave irradiance by comparing prevailing meteorological regimes and cloud properties therein. The influence of supplemental ice absorption on downwelling shortwave flux is highlighted when comparing cloud optical depth properties of Regime 4 to that of Regime 1 and 2. The influence of cloud base temperature on downwelling longwave flux is noted when comparing cloud optical depth properties of Regime 2 to that of Regime 1.
Book Synopsis Antarctic Journal of the United States by :
Download or read book Antarctic Journal of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of the Antarctic by : Beau Riffenburgh
Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Antarctic written by Beau Riffenburgh and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2007 with total page 1274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Third Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Science Team Meeting by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the Third Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Science Team Meeting written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Antarctica written by Charles Swithinbank and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation by : K. N. Liou
Download or read book An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation written by K. N. Liou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-04-29 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of radiation for atmospheric applications -- Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere -- Absorption and scattering of solar radiation in the atmosphere -- Thermal infrared radiation transfer in the atmosphere -- Light scattering by atmospheric particulates -- Principles of radiative transfer in planetary atmospheres -- Application of radiative transfer principles to remote sensing -- Radiation and climate.
Book Synopsis Classification and Analysis of Surface and Clouds at High Latitudes from AVHRR Multispectral Satellite Data by : Elizabeth Eby Ebert
Download or read book Classification and Analysis of Surface and Clouds at High Latitudes from AVHRR Multispectral Satellite Data written by Elizabeth Eby Ebert and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Antarctic Peninsula Climate Variability by : Eugene Domack
Download or read book Antarctic Peninsula Climate Variability written by Eugene Domack and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2003-01-10 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Antarctic Research Series, Volume 79. The Antarctic Peninsula region represents our best natural laboratory to investigate how earth's major climate systems interact and how such systems respond to rapid regional warming. The scale of environmental changes now taking place across the region is large and their pace rapid but the subsystems involved are still small enough to observe and accurately document cause and affect mechanisms. For example, clarification of ice shelf stability via the Larsen Ice Shelf is vital to understanding the entire Antarctic Ice Sheet, its climate evolution, and its response to and control of sea level. By encompassing the broadest range of interdisciplinary studies, this volume provides the global change research and educational communities a framework in which to advance our knowledge of the causes behind regional warming, the dramatic glacial and ecological responses, and the potential uniqueness of the event within the region's paleoclimate record. The volume also serves as a vital resource for public policy and governmental funding agencies as well as a means to educate the large number of ecotourists that visit the region each austral summer.
Book Synopsis Weather and Climate of the Antarctic by : Werner Schwerdtfeger
Download or read book Weather and Climate of the Antarctic written by Werner Schwerdtfeger and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
