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Ancient Settlement Patterns In The Area Of Aksum Tigray Northern Ethiopia Ca 900 Bce 800 850 Ce
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Book Synopsis Ancient Settlement Patterns in the Area of Aksum (Tigray, Northern Ethiopia) -- Ca. 900 BCE-800/850 CE by : Luisa Sernicola
Download or read book Ancient Settlement Patterns in the Area of Aksum (Tigray, Northern Ethiopia) -- Ca. 900 BCE-800/850 CE written by Luisa Sernicola and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Englishversion of the author's PhD dissertation, revised and updated in the light ofthe latest research and interpretation, aims to reconstruct thesettlement pattern of the area of Aksum between the early 1stmillennium BCE and the late 1st millennium CE. It describes thefield strategies employed during surveys conducted at Aksum in 2005 and 2006and the procedures that were adopted for the interpretation and chronologicalclassification of the surface archaeological records. It also provides anupdated assessment of the archaeological area of Aksum, including an overviewof the taphonomic processes affecting the preservation of archaeological sites,and presents the results of the statistical and spatial analysis undertaken forthe reconstruction of the ancient settlement pattern and for the investigationof the ancient dynamics of human-environmental interactions in the area.
Book Synopsis South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity by : George Hatke
Download or read book South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity written by George Hatke and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Arabia is one of the least known parts of the Near East. It is primarily due to its remoteness, coupled with the difficulty of access, that South Arabia remains so under-explored. In pre-Islamic times, however, it was well-connected to the rest of the world. Due to its location at the crossroads of caravan and maritime routes, pre-Islamic South Arabia linked the Near East with Africa and the Mediterranean with India. The region is unique in that it has a written history extending as far back as the early first millennium BCE—a far longer history than that of any other part of the Arabian Peninsula. The papers collected in this volume make a number of important contributions to the study of the history and languages of ancient South Arabia, as well as the history of South Arabian studies, and will be of interest to scholars and laypeople alike.
Book Synopsis Critical Approaches to Heritage for Development by : Charlotte Cross
Download or read book Critical Approaches to Heritage for Development written by Charlotte Cross and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the relationship between heritage and development from the global visions articulated by UNESCO and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to local activism, livelihood innovations and political strategies employed in diverse countries of the Global South. In recent years, as culturally informed approaches to international development have become increasingly important, engaging with heritage has been seen as a way to draw on practices and meanings from the past to help build future development. This book gathers researchers and practitioners from across disciplines to address important themes such as health, the environment, sustainability, peace, security, tourism and economic growth. In doing so, the book asks us to consider whose past and whose future is ultimately at stake in efforts to use heritage for development. Key topics explored include histories and legacies of colonialism and calls for decolonisation, and related questions of expertise, ownership and agency. Students, practitioners and researchers from across the broad areas of history, heritage, education, archaeology, geography and development studies will find this book an invaluable guide to dynamic and contested understandings of heritage and development and the relationship between them.
Book Synopsis Changing Settlement Patterns in the Aksum-Yeha Region of Ethiopia by : Joseph W. Michels
Download or read book Changing Settlement Patterns in the Aksum-Yeha Region of Ethiopia written by Joseph W. Michels and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2005 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 64 Series Editors: John Alexander and Laurence Smith
Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology by : Ian Douglas
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology written by Ian Douglas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 1382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition covers recent developments around the world with contributors from 33 different countries. It widens the handbook’s scope by including ecological design; consideration of cultural dimensions of the use and conservation of urban nature; the roles of government and civil society; and the continuing issues of equity and fairness in access to urban greenspaces. New features include an emphasis on the biophilic design of homes and workplaces, demonstrating the value of nature, in order to counter the still prevalent attitude among many developers that nature is a constraint rather than a value. The volume explores great practical achievements that have occurred since the first edition, with many governments increasingly recognizing and legislating on urban nature and green infrastructure matters, since cities play a major role in adapting to change, particularly to climate crisis. New topics such as the ecological role of light at night and human microbiota in the urban ecosystem are introduced. Additional attention is given to food production in cities, particularly the multiple roles of urban agriculture and household gardens in different contexts from wealthy communities to the poorest informal settlements in deprived communities. The emphasis is on demonstrating what can be achieved, and what is already being done. The book aims to help scholars and graduate students by providing an invaluable and up-to-date guide to current urban ecological thinking across the range of disciplines, such as geography, ecology, environmental science/studies, planning, and urban studies, that converge in the study of towns and cities and urban design and living. It will also assist practitioners and civil society members in discovering the ways diff erent specialists and thinkers approach urban nature.
Book Synopsis Foundations of an African Civilisation by : D. W. Phillipson
Download or read book Foundations of an African Civilisation written by D. W. Phillipson and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2012 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on the Aksumite state of the first millennium AD in northern Ethiopia and southern Eritrea, its development, florescence and eventual transformation into the so-called medieval civilisation of Christian Ethiopia. This book seeks to apply a common methodology, utilising archaeology, art-history, written documents and oral tradition from a wide variety of sources; the result is a far greater emphasis on continuity than previous studies have revealed. It is thus a major re-interpretation of a key development in Ethiopia's past, while raising and discussing methodological issues of the relationship between archaeology and other historical disciplines; these issues, which have theoretical significance extending far beyond Ethiopia, are discussed in full. The last millennium BC is seen as a time when northern Ethiopia and parts of Eritrea were inhabited by farming peoples whose ancestry may be traced far back into the local 'Late Stone Age'. Colonisation from southern Arabia, to which defining importance has been attached by earlier researchers, is now seen to have been brief in duration and small in scale, its effects largely restricted to élite sections of the community. Re-consideration of inscriptions shows the need to abandon the established belief in a single 'Pre-Aksumite' state. New evidence for the rise of Aksum during the last centuries BC is critically evaluated. Finally, new chronological precision is provided for the decline of Aksum and the transfer of centralised political authority to more southerly regions. A new study of the ancient churches - both built and rock-hewn - which survive from this poorly-understood period emphasises once again a strong degree of continuity across periods that were previously regarded as distinct. David W. Phillipson is Emeritus Professor of African Archaeology and former Director of the University Museum of Archaeology & Anthropology, Cambridge. In 2014 he was made an Associate Fellow of the Ethiopian Academy of Sciences. Published in association with the British Institute in Eastern Africa. Ethiopia: Addis Ababa University Press
Download or read book Aksum written by Joseph W. Michels and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is an abridged version of the book CHANGING SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN THE AKSUM-YEHA REGION OF ETHIOPIA: 700 BCAD 850 written by the author and published in 2005 in the Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology Series by British Archaeological Reports (BAR) of Oxford, United Kingdom. Most of the books methodological and technical sections have been removed in order for the reader to more easily focus on the main theme of the work, namely how the study of the settlement history of a single region can reveal the ways in which a society adapts to changing conditions over the course of a thousand years. From a scatter of simple hamlets and villages, Ancient Aksum evolved into a formidable mercantile state that, for a time, controlled much of the trade at the southern end of the Red Sea. Then, as circumstances changed, Aksum went into decline, its urban center contracting then disappearing. The historical trajectory of Aksum as discussed in this work offers a textbook example of political change: from egalitarian hamlets, the Aksumites organized themselves into an increasingly prominent local chiefdom, then into a kingdom, and eventually into a state.
Book Synopsis Ancient Ethiopia by : D. W. Phillipson
Download or read book Ancient Ethiopia written by D. W. Phillipson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the first seven centuries AD there arose at Aksum in the highlands of northern Ethiopia, a unique African culture which has been described as the last of the great civilizations of antiquity to be revealed to modern knowledge. Although its monuments have long been known, their full significance has only recently been recognized. Ancient Aksum maintained a wide-ranging international trade and produced unparalleled coinage in gold, silver and copper. Its kings adopted Christianity in the 4th century AD and the Christian civilization of the Ethiopian highlands traces its origins to Aksumite roots. This text, based on the author's field research, presents an illustrated account of Aksumite civilization of the Ethiopian highlands, tracing its origins to Aksumite roots.
Download or read book Aksum written by D. W. Phillipson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using Stone Tools by : Laurel Phillipson
Download or read book Using Stone Tools written by Laurel Phillipson and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2009 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an introduction by Professor Rodolfo Fattovich. Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 77 Series Editors: John Alexander, Laurence Smith and Timothy Insoll.
Book Synopsis Archaeology at Aksum, Ethiopia, 1993-7 by : D. W. Phillipson
Download or read book Archaeology at Aksum, Ethiopia, 1993-7 written by D. W. Phillipson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work provides a detailed account of five seasons' archaeological research at Aksum, which Dr Phillipson directed on behalf of the British Institute in Eastern Africa, supported by a major research grant from the Society of Antiquaries. Aksum was, during the first seven centuries AD, the capital of a major state, centred on the highlands of northern Ethiopia, Eritrea, which exercised a powerful influence on international trade. Christianity was adopted in the 4th century and Aksum played a vitally important role in the rise of Ethiopian civilisation. The research here described was designed to provide a comprehensive view of ancient Aksum, including aspects which had received little attention. Dr Phillipson and his colleagues describe royal tombs and commoner graves, domestic economy and international trade, monumental architecture and farming settlements, finely carved ivory and flaked stone tools. A secure chronological framework is provided and the whole picture is set in its Ethiopian, African and international context.
Book Synopsis Foundations of an African Civilization by : D. W. Phillipson
Download or read book Foundations of an African Civilization written by D. W. Phillipson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Monuments of Aksum by : Enno Littmann
Download or read book The Monuments of Aksum written by Enno Littmann and published by British Institute in Eastern Africa. This book was released on 1997 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ancient Ethiopian capital at Aksum in Tigray is one of Africa's most spectacular archaeological sites. During the first seven centuries AD, it was the metropolis of a major civilisation whose influence extended far beyond its homeland. The first and only comprehensive attempt at recording Aksum's monuments - huge carved stelae, the foundations of elaborate stone palaces, and underground tombs - was made in 1906 by the Deutsche Aksum-Expedition and the results were published in 1913. This book is a translation of their report, now extremely rare, with a chapter on more recent discoveries.
Book Synopsis The Archaeology of Ethiopia by : Niall Finneran
Download or read book The Archaeology of Ethiopia written by Niall Finneran and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first truly comprehensive multi-period study of the archaeology of Ethiopia, surveying the country's history, detailing the discoveries from the late Stone Age, including the famous 'Lucy' and moving onto the emergence of food production, prehistoric rock art and an analysis of the increasing social complexity that can be obs
Download or read book Aksum written by Stuart C. Munro-Hay and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aksum and Nubia written by George Hatke and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2013-01-07 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aksum and Nubia assembles and analyzes the textual and archaeological evidence of interaction between Nubia and the Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum, focusing primarily on the fourth century CE. Although ancient Nubia and Ethiopia have been the subject of a growing number of studies in recent years, little attention has been given to contact between these two regions. Hatke argues that ancient Northeast Africa cannot be treated as a unified area politically, economically, or culturally. Rather, Nubia and Ethiopia developed within very different regional spheres of interaction, as a result of which the Nubian kingdom of Kush came to focus its energies on the Nile Valley, relying on this as its main route of contact with the outside world, while Aksum was oriented towards the Red Sea and Arabia. In this way Aksum and Kush coexisted in peace for most of their history, and such contact as they maintained with each other was limited to small-scale commerce. Only in the fourth century CE did Aksum take up arms against Kush, and even then the conflict seems to have been related mainly to security issues on Aksum’s western frontier. Although Aksum never managed to hold onto Kush for long, much less dealt the final death-blow to the Nubian kingdom, as is often believed, claims to Kush continued to play a role in Aksumite royal ideology as late as the sixth century. Aksum and Nubia critically examines the extent to which relations between two ancient African states were influenced by warfare, commerce, and political fictions.
Book Synopsis The Afar Caravan Route by : Helina Solomon-Woldekiros
Download or read book The Afar Caravan Route written by Helina Solomon-Woldekiros and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Aksumites of the North Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands are known for their trading activities in the Red Sea between 50 BCE-CE 900. Much attention has been focused on prestige goods such as gold and ivory and the role that long-distance trade played in supporting elites and ruling institutions of the Aksumite state. Very little is known, however, about local or regional trade in subsistence commodities and the organization of trading networks. The restricted distribution of resources, ecological setting, and organizational requirements of the Afar Trade Route presented early Ethiopian agriculturalists and pastoralists with a unique set of options for trade and exchange as well as some significant constraints. Using an integrated ethnoarchaeological and archaeological approach, this study sought to better understand the role of regional trade from the northeastern highlands to the Afar lowlands in Aksumite economic organization. Ethnoarchaeological research on the contemporary Afar salt caravan route in Northern Ethiopia documents the location of the route, feeder routes, and key nodes and demonstrates that the least costly paths were used by caravaners. Evidence was also collected on the organization of the contemporary trade and existence of a salt-oriented niche economy in the eastern highlands. Distinctive material remains of the Afar caravans included over-night campsites at transitions between the highlands and the lowlands and at major passes, and the presence of distinctive bread cooking stones on overnight campsites. Three major archaeological sites or ancient towns were discovered on the salt route and additional ancient trader towns. Key trader towns were identified at Agula and Samre and ancient border towns at Usot and Des'ia. Excavation of ancient caravan sites at Agula and Desi'a revealed topographic and material similarities to each other and the presence of ancient bread cooking stones similar to those characteristic of modern caravaners. Aksumite churches, non-elite stone structures, Aksumite highland pottery and obsidian distinctive of the Afar were identified at the towns of Agula and Desi'a, suggesting that the Church, elite and local actors participated in the trade. Radiocarbon dates and archaeological data on stylistic, morphological, and technological attributes of ceramic and lithic artifacts provided information on chronology and site use, demonstrating the existence of local or regional exchange in commodities from the Afar lowlands to the northern Ethiopian plateau from as early as the Aksumite (50 BCE-900 CE) period. This study has produced new methods for identification of caravan transport on the Afar trail and is the first to document ancient trade on the route. It also lays the groundwork for more extensive archaeological fieldwork on local and regional trade in Northeastern Ethiopia. Useful cross-cultural comparative material is provided for archaeologists interested in the material remains of caravan organization in Africa and elsewhere. In many parts of the world, pack animal-based caravans are being replaced by trucks and modern roads. This project has also helped to record this aspect of Tigray and Afar cultural heritage.
