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Anchorage Controlled Shear Capacity Of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders
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Book Synopsis Anchorage-controlled Shear Capacity of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders by : David Philip Langefeld
Download or read book Anchorage-controlled Shear Capacity of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by David Philip Langefeld and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the ongoing research on shear at the Phil M. Ferguson Structural Engineering Laboratory (FSEL) located at The University of Texas at Austin, the anchorage controlled shear capacity of prestressed concrete bridge girders was in this research studied in two distinct ways, experimentally and analytically. The results of this research are an important step towards improving understanding of strand anchorage related issues. For the experimental program, two full-scale Tx46 prestressed concrete bridge girders were fabricated at FSEL. The Tx46 girders were topped with a concrete, composite deck. Both ends of the two girders were instrumented and tested. For the analytical program, a new Anchorage Evaluation Database (AEDB) was developed, by filtering and expanding the University of Texas Prestressed Concrete Shear Database (UTPCSDB), and then evaluated. The AEDB contained 72 shear tests, of which 25 were anchorage failures and 47 were shear failures. The results and analysis from the experimental and analytical programs generated the following three main conclusions: (1) A reasonable percentage of debonding in Tx Girders does not have a marked impact on girder shear capacity calculated using the 2010 AASHTO LRFD General Procedure. (2) The AASHTO anchorage equation is conservative but not accurate. In other words, this equation cannot be used to accurately differentiate between a shear failure and an anchorage failure. In regards to conservativeness, anchorage failures in AASHTO-type girders may lead to unconservative results with respect to the 2010 AASHTO LRFD General Procedure. (3) The 2010 AASHTO anchorage resistance model and its corresponding equation do not apply to Tx Girders. Because of the Tx Girders' wider bottom flange, cracks do not propagate across the strands as they do in AASHTO-type girders. This fact yields overly conservative results for Tx Girders with respect to AASHTO Equation 5.8.3.5-1. In summary, this research uncovered the short-sided nature of the AASHTO anchorage design method. Given its short-comings, there is an obvious need for a validated, comprehensive, and rational approach to anchorage design that considers strength and serviceability. To appropriately develop this method, additional full-scale experimental testing is needed to expand the AEDB, as currently there are not enough tests to distinguish major, general trends and variables. Any future additional research would be expected to further validate and expand the significant findings that this research has produced and so take the next step toward safer, more-efficient bridge designs.
Book Synopsis Flocculation Treatment Best Management Practices for Construction Water Discharges by : Brian Thomas Mathys
Download or read book Flocculation Treatment Best Management Practices for Construction Water Discharges written by Brian Thomas Mathys and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Minnesota Department of Transportation has typically used epoxy-coated, straight-legged stirrups anchored in the tension zone as transverse reinforcement in prestressed concrete bridge girders. This configuration is readily placed after stressing the prestressing strands. American Concrete Institute (ACI) and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) specifications require stirrups with bent legs that encompass the longitudinal reinforcement to properly anchor the stirrups. Such a configuration is specified to provide mechanical anchorage to the stirrup, ensuring that it will be able to develop its yield strength with a short anchorage length to resist shear within the web of the girder. AASHTO specifications for anchoring transverse reinforcement are the same for reinforced and prestressed concrete; however, in the case of prestressed concrete bridge girders, there are a number of differences that serve to enhance the anchorage of the transverse reinforcement, thereby enabling the straight bar detail. These include the precompression in the bottom flange of the girder in regions of web-shear cracking. In addition, the stirrup legs are usually embedded within a bottom flange that contains longitudinal strands outside the stirrups. The increased concrete cover over the stirrups provided by the bottom flange and the resistance to vertical splitting cracks along the legs of the stirrups provided by the longitudinal prestressing reinforcement outside the stirrups help to enhance the straight-legged anchorage in both regions of web-shear cracking and flexure-shear cracking. A two-phase experimental program was conducted to investigate the anchorage of straight-legged, epoxy-coated stirrups, which included bar pullout tests performed on 13 subassemblage specimens that represented the bottom flanges of prestressed concrete girders, to determine the effectiveness of straight-legged stirrup anchorage in developing yield strains. Additionally, four girder ends were cast with straight-legged stirrup anchorage details and tested in flexure-shear and web-shear. The straight leg stirrup anchorage detail was determined to be acceptable for Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) M and MN shaped girders as nominal shear capacities were exceeded and yield strains were measured in the stirrups prior to failure during each of the tests.
Book Synopsis Shear Capacity of in Service Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders by : Paul Barr
Download or read book Shear Capacity of in Service Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by Paul Barr and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design procedure to calculate the shear capacity of bridge girders that was used forty years ago is very different than those procedures that are recommended in the current AASHTO LRFD Specifications. As a result, many bridge girders that were built forty years ago do not meet current design standards, and in some cases warrant replacement due to insufficient calculated shear capacity. However despite this insufficient calculated capacity, these bridge girders have been found to function adequately in service with minimal signs of distress. The objective of this research was to investigate the actual in service capacity of prestressed concrete girders that have been in service over an extended period of time.
Book Synopsis Effect of Internal and External Anchorage Devices on the Shear Strength of Prestressed Concrete Girders by : Valarie L. Hoffman
Download or read book Effect of Internal and External Anchorage Devices on the Shear Strength of Prestressed Concrete Girders written by Valarie L. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shear Reinforcement Requirements for High-Strength Concrete Bridge Girders by : J.A. Ramirez
Download or read book Shear Reinforcement Requirements for High-Strength Concrete Bridge Girders written by J.A. Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 2005-07-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shear Capacity of Prestressed Concrete Beams by : Brian Richard Runzel
Download or read book Shear Capacity of Prestressed Concrete Beams written by Brian Richard Runzel and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The shear provisions of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials bridge design code have changed significantly in recent years. The 2004 Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) and 2002 Standard shear provisions for the design of prestressed concrete bridge girders typically require more shear reinforcement than the 1979 Interim shear provisions. The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not bridge girders designed according to the 1979 interim shear provisions were underdesigned for shear and develop a method to identify potentially underdesigned girders. Two shear capacity tests were performed on opposite ends of a bridge girder removed from Mn/DOT Bridge No. 73023. The stirrup spacing in the girder suggested it was designed according to the 1979 Interim shear provisions. The results from the shear tests indicated the girder was capable of holding the required shear demand because the applied shear at failure for both tests was larger than the factored shear strength required by the 2004 LRFD HL-93 and 2002 Standard HS20-44 loading. The results of a parametric study showed that girders designed using the 1979 Interim were most likely to be underdesigned for shear near the support and that the girders most likely to be underdesigned in this region had smaller length to girder spacing ratios.
Book Synopsis Shear and Flexural Capacity of High Strength Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders by : Arek Tilmann Higgs
Download or read book Shear and Flexural Capacity of High Strength Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by Arek Tilmann Higgs and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Prestress Losses in Pretensioned High-strength Concrete Bridge Girders by : Maher K. Tadros
Download or read book Prestress Losses in Pretensioned High-strength Concrete Bridge Girders written by Maher K. Tadros and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The HCM includes three printed volumes (Volumes 1-3) that can be purchased from the Transportation Research Board in print and electronic formats. Volume 4 is a free online resource that supports the rest of the manual. It includes: Supplemental chapters 25-38, providing additional details of the methodologies described in the Volume 1-3 chapters, example problems, and other resources; A technical reference library providing access to a significant portion of the research supporting HCM methods; Two applications guides demonstrating how the HCM can be applied to planning-level analysis and a variety of traffic operations applications; Interpretations, updates, and errata for the HCM (as they are developed);A discussion forum allowing HCM users to ask questions and collaborate on HCM-related matters; and Notifications of chapter updates, active discussions, and more via an optional e-mail notification feature."--Publisher.
Book Synopsis Shear Capacity of in Service Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders by :
Download or read book Shear Capacity of in Service Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of prestressed concrete bridge girders has changed significantly over the past several decades. Specifically, the design procedure to calculate the shear capacity of bridge girders that was used forty years ago is very different than those procedures that are recommended in the current AASHTO LRFD Specifications. As a result, many bridge girders that were built forty years ago do not meet current design standards, and in some cases warrant replacement due to insufficient calculated shear capacity. However, despite this insufficient calculated capacity, these bridge girders have been found to function adequately in service with minimal signs of distress. The objective of this research was to investigate the actual in service capacity of prestressed concrete girders that have been in service over an extended period of time. The actual capacity was compared with calculated values using the AASHTO LRFD Specifications.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Prestressed Reinforced Concrete for Highway Bridges, Part V, Analysis and Control of Anchorage-zone Cracking in Prestressed Concrete by : A. T. Derecho
Download or read book Investigation of Prestressed Reinforced Concrete for Highway Bridges, Part V, Analysis and Control of Anchorage-zone Cracking in Prestressed Concrete written by A. T. Derecho and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear by : Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Download or read book Design of FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear written by Abdeldjelil Belarbi and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 678: Design of FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear offers suggested design guidelines for concrete girders strengthened in shear using externally bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems. The guidelines address the strengthening schemes and application of the FRP systems and their contribution to shear capacity of reinforced and prestressed concrete girders. The guidelines are supplemented by design examples to illustrate their use for concrete beams strengthened with different FRP systems. Appendix A of NCHRP Report 678, which contains the research agency's final report, provides further elaboration on the work performed in this project. Appendix A: Research Description and Findings, is only available online.
Book Synopsis Analysis and Design of Prestressed Concrete by : Di Hu
Download or read book Analysis and Design of Prestressed Concrete written by Di Hu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-04-17 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prestressing concrete technology is critical to understanding problems in existing civic structures including railway and highway bridges; to the rehabilitation of older structures; and to the design of new high-speed railway and long-span highway bridges. Analysis and Design of Prestressed Concrete delivers foundational concepts, and the latest research and design methods for the engineering of prestressed concrete, paying particular attention to crack resistance in the design of high-speed railway and long-span highway prestressed concrete bridges. The volume offers readers a comprehensive resource on prestressing technology and applications, as well as the advanced treatment of prestress losses and performance. Key aspects of this volume include analysis and design of prestressed concrete structures using a prestressing knowledge system, from initial stages to service; detailed loss calculation; time-dependent analysis on cross-sectional stresses; straightforward, simplified methods specified in codes; and in-depth calculation methods. Sixteen chapters combine standards and current research, theoretical analysis, and design methods into a practical resource on the analysis and design of prestressed concrete, as well as presenting novel calculation methods and theoretical models of practical use to engineers. Presents a new approach to calculating prestress losses due to anchorage seating Provides a unified method for calculating long-term prestress loss Details cross-sectional stress analysis of prestressed concrete beams from jacking to service Explains a new calculation method for long-term deflection of beams caused by creep and shrinkage Gives a new theoretical model for calculating long-term crack width
Book Synopsis Extending Span Ranges of Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders by : Reid Wilson Castrodale
Download or read book Extending Span Ranges of Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders written by Reid Wilson Castrodale and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Book Synopsis Cracking and Shear Capacity of High Strength Concrete Bridge Girders by : Kamal S. Tawfiq
Download or read book Cracking and Shear Capacity of High Strength Concrete Bridge Girders written by Kamal S. Tawfiq and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultimate Shear Capacity and Residual Prestress Force of Full-scale, Forty-one-year-old Prestressed-concrete Girders by : Parry Osborn
Download or read book Ultimate Shear Capacity and Residual Prestress Force of Full-scale, Forty-one-year-old Prestressed-concrete Girders written by Parry Osborn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate shear capacity of prestressed concrete beams is difficult to predict accurately, especially after being in service for an extended period of time. The Utah Department of Transportation asked researchers at Utah State University to experimentally determine the existing shear capacity of 41-year-old prestressed, decommissioned concrete bridge girders and then provide recommendations on how to increase that ultimate shear capacity. This thesis presents the research findings that relate to the existing shear capacity of the prestressed concrete girders. Eight AASHTO Type II bridge girders were tested up to failure by applying external loads near the supports to determine their ultimate shear capacities. The measured results were then compared to calculated values obtained using the AASHTO LRFD bridge design code, and the ACI 318-08 design code. Prestress losses were also measured by means of a cracking test and then compared to values calculated according to the AASHTO prestress loss equations. Both the ultimate shear capacities and the residual prestress forces were used to evaluate the girders after being in service for more than 40 years.
Book Synopsis Influence of Diagonal Cracks on Negative Moment Flexural Anchorage Performance in Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders by : Joshua K. Goodall
Download or read book Influence of Diagonal Cracks on Negative Moment Flexural Anchorage Performance in Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders written by Joshua K. Goodall and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large numbers of vintage reinforced concrete deck-girder bridges remain in the national bridge inventory. Many of these exhibit diagonal cracking and other distress. Due to the design practices of the time, it is common to observe cracks at locations where flexural reinforcing steel is terminated along the span. The presence of diagonal cracking increases the demand in the flexural steel and some details may be susceptible to anchorage failure. Recent developments in load rating using Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR), which incorporates Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT), require a check of the flexural steel in the presence of shear. This practice has resulted in tensile anchorage or flexural capacity checks controlling some load ratings. Previous tests performed by OSU indicate that failure for many girders exhibiting steep initial diagonal cracking is eventually controlled by shear-moment interaction which evolves into a much more shallow crack at failure. It is hypothesized that this is due to an underestimation of the bond stress in developing bars. To test this hypothesis, four full-scale tests were performed on specimens with a pre-cast crack and cutoff tensile bars. These tests indicate that the bond stress in the developed bars is greater than that predicted by current specifications. Failure behavior and subsequent load-induced cracking of each specimen was found to be independent of the initial diagonal cracking. Analysis indicates that current code procedures are sufficient to predict failure modes. However this must be done using a more appropriate estimate of bond stress.
Book Synopsis Torsional Strength of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders by : Eugene Buth
Download or read book Torsional Strength of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by Eugene Buth and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
