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Analysis Of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine With Emphasis On Combustion Timing And Reaction Rate
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Book Synopsis Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine with Emphasis on Combustion Timing and Reaction Rate by : Arunim Bhattacharya
Download or read book Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine with Emphasis on Combustion Timing and Reaction Rate written by Arunim Bhattacharya and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HCCI engines are a class of engines which use high compression ratio to ignite a charge of air-fuel mixture, essentially eliminating the need for spark plugs. This contrasts with diesel engines (although HCCI can be used for diesel engines) where the fuel is injected near the top dead center of the compression stroke regime. Gasoline HCCI engines are of significance because, it attempts to improve the characteristics of the engine for example the thermal efficiency. High compression ratio comes with higher thermal efficiency, yet the peak temperature remains low enough to have low production rates of harmful oxides of nitrogen and formation of soot. However, there are certain challenges associated with such type of engine, one of which and perhaps the most important of all is how to control the combustion rate. Flow dynamics and chemical-kinetics analysis, is essential to predict combustion timing, duration, and rate. The objective of this study is to analyze a HCCI engine using, simulation analysis models including a three-dimensional CFD simulation model. Simulation analysis is carried out using a generic HCCI engine, initially with simplified chemical kinetics, and then using detailed chemical kinetics and using RANS turbulence CFD model. A sensitivity analysis of the effect of RPM on the combustion time, burn duration, heat release, efficiency and emission concentration are carried out.
Book Synopsis Control and Robustness Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Using Exhaust Recompression by : Hsien-Hsin Liao
Download or read book Control and Robustness Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Using Exhaust Recompression written by Hsien-Hsin Liao and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an enormous global research effort to alleviate the current and projected environmental consequences incurred by internal combustion (IC) engines, the dominant propulsion systems in ground vehicles. Two technologies have the potential to improve the efficiency and emissions of IC engines in the near future: variable valve actuation (VVA) and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). IC engines equipped with VVA systems are proven to show better performance by adjusting the valve lift and timing appropriately. An electro-hydraulic valve system (EHVS) is a type of VVA system that possesses full flexibility, i.e., the ability to change the valve lift and timing independently and continuously, making it an ideal rapid prototyping tool in a research environment. Unfortunately, an EHVS typically shows a significant response time delay that limits the achievable closed-loop bandwidth and, as a result, shows poor tracking performance. In this thesis, a control framework that includes system identification, feedback control design, and repetitive control design is presented. The combined control law shows excellent performance with a root-mean-square tracking error below 40 [Mu]m over a maximum valve lift of 4 mm. A stability analysis is also provided to show that the mean tracking error converges to zero asymptotically with the combined control law. HCCI, the other technology presented in this thesis, is a combustion strategy initiated by compressing a homogeneous air-fuel mixture to auto-ignition, therefore, ignition occurs at multiple points inside the cylinder without noticeable flame propagation. The result is rapid combustion with low peak in-cylinder temperature, which gives HCCI improved efficiency and reduces NOx formation. To initiate HCCI with a typical compression ratio, the sensible energy of the mixture needs to be high compared to a spark ignited (SI) strategy. One approach to achieve this, called recompression HCCI, is by closing the exhaust valve early to trap a portion of the exhaust gas in the cylinder. Unlike a SI or Diesel strategy, HCCI lacks an explicit combustion trigger, as autoignition is governed by chemical kinetics. Therefore, the thermo-chemical conditions of the air-fuel mixture need to be carefully controlled for HCCI to occur at the desired timing. Compounding this challenge in recompression HCCI is the re-utilization of the exhaust gas which creates cycle-to-cycle coupling. Furthermore, the coupling characteristics can change drastically around different operating points, making combustion timing control difficult across a wide range of conditions. In this thesis, a graphical analysis examines the in-cylinder temperature dynamics of recompression HCCI and reveals three qualitative types of temperature dynamics. With this insight, a switching linear model is formulated by combining three linear models: one for each of the three types of temperature dynamics. A switching controller that is composed of three local linear feedback controllers can then be designed based on the switching model. This switching model/control formulation is tested on an experimental HCCI testbed and shows good performance in controlling the combustion timing across a wide range. A semi-definite program is formulated to find a Lyapunov function for the switching model/control framework and shows that it is stable. As HCCI is dictated by the in-cylinder thermo-chemical conditions, there are further concerns about the robustness of HCCI, i.e., the boundedness of the thermo-chemical conditions with uncertainty existing in the ambient conditions and in the engine's own characteristics due to aging. To assess HCCI's robustness, this thesis presents a linear parameter varying (LPV) model that captures the dynamics of recompression HCCI and possesses an elegant model structure that is more amenable to analysis. Based on this model, a recursive algorithm using convex optimization is formulated to generate analytical statements about the boundedness of the in-cylinder thermo-chemical conditions. The bounds generated by the algorithm are also shown to relate well to the data from the experimental testbed.
Book Synopsis Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council
Download or read book Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Book Synopsis Control and Robustness Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Using Exhaust Recompression by : Hsien-Hsin Liao
Download or read book Control and Robustness Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Using Exhaust Recompression written by Hsien-Hsin Liao and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an enormous global research effort to alleviate the current and projected environmental consequences incurred by internal combustion (IC) engines, the dominant propulsion systems in ground vehicles. Two technologies have the potential to improve the efficiency and emissions of IC engines in the near future: variable valve actuation (VVA) and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). IC engines equipped with VVA systems are proven to show better performance by adjusting the valve lift and timing appropriately. An electro-hydraulic valve system (EHVS) is a type of VVA system that possesses full flexibility, i.e., the ability to change the valve lift and timing independently and continuously, making it an ideal rapid prototyping tool in a research environment. Unfortunately, an EHVS typically shows a significant response time delay that limits the achievable closed-loop bandwidth and, as a result, shows poor tracking performance. In this thesis, a control framework that includes system identification, feedback control design, and repetitive control design is presented. The combined control law shows excellent performance with a root-mean-square tracking error below 40 [Mu]m over a maximum valve lift of 4 mm. A stability analysis is also provided to show that the mean tracking error converges to zero asymptotically with the combined control law. HCCI, the other technology presented in this thesis, is a combustion strategy initiated by compressing a homogeneous air-fuel mixture to auto-ignition, therefore, ignition occurs at multiple points inside the cylinder without noticeable flame propagation. The result is rapid combustion with low peak in-cylinder temperature, which gives HCCI improved efficiency and reduces NOx formation. To initiate HCCI with a typical compression ratio, the sensible energy of the mixture needs to be high compared to a spark ignited (SI) strategy. One approach to achieve this, called recompression HCCI, is by closing the exhaust valve early to trap a portion of the exhaust gas in the cylinder. Unlike a SI or Diesel strategy, HCCI lacks an explicit combustion trigger, as autoignition is governed by chemical kinetics. Therefore, the thermo-chemical conditions of the air-fuel mixture need to be carefully controlled for HCCI to occur at the desired timing. Compounding this challenge in recompression HCCI is the re-utilization of the exhaust gas which creates cycle-to-cycle coupling. Furthermore, the coupling characteristics can change drastically around different operating points, making combustion timing control difficult across a wide range of conditions. In this thesis, a graphical analysis examines the in-cylinder temperature dynamics of recompression HCCI and reveals three qualitative types of temperature dynamics. With this insight, a switching linear model is formulated by combining three linear models: one for each of the three types of temperature dynamics. A switching controller that is composed of three local linear feedback controllers can then be designed based on the switching model. This switching model/control formulation is tested on an experimental HCCI testbed and shows good performance in controlling the combustion timing across a wide range. A semi-definite program is formulated to find a Lyapunov function for the switching model/control framework and shows that it is stable. As HCCI is dictated by the in-cylinder thermo-chemical conditions, there are further concerns about the robustness of HCCI, i.e., the boundedness of the thermo-chemical conditions with uncertainty existing in the ambient conditions and in the engine's own characteristics due to aging. To assess HCCI's robustness, this thesis presents a linear parameter varying (LPV) model that captures the dynamics of recompression HCCI and possesses an elegant model structure that is more amenable to analysis. Based on this model, a recursive algorithm using convex optimization is formulated to generate analytical statements about the boundedness of the in-cylinder thermo-chemical conditions. The bounds generated by the algorithm are also shown to relate well to the data from the experimental testbed.
Book Synopsis Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) by :
Download or read book Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry by : Hua Zhao
Download or read book HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry written by Hua Zhao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)/controlled auto-ignition (CAI) has emerged as one of the most promising engine technologies with the potential to combine fuel efficiency and improved emissions performance, offering reduced nitrous oxides and particulate matter alongside efficiency comparable with modern diesel engines. Despite the considerable advantages, its operational range is rather limited and controlling the combustion (timing of ignition and rate of energy release) is still an area of on-going research. Commercial applications are, however, close to reality. HCCI a.
Book Synopsis Optimizing Combustion Operation in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation by : Malav Hemant Thakore
Download or read book Optimizing Combustion Operation in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation written by Malav Hemant Thakore and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the search for cleaner and greener power generation systems, researchers are relentlessly searching for a new engine technology that can perform at a higher efficiency with lower environmentally unsafe gases and particulate matter emissions. A Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is one such class of engines, which use high compression ratio to ignite pre-mixed homogeneous air-fuel mixture without the need for any spark plugs. HCCI engines have been drawing attention due to its 1) high operating efficiency and 2) low nitrogen oxide (NOX) and particulate matters (PM) emissions because of lower combustion temperatures. One of the major challenges associated with the HCCI engine is the very rapid combustion rate that results in very high rate of pressure rise and high rate of heat release. One way to address this issue is to reduce the combustion temperature by inducting exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) inside the combustion chamber to dilute the reactant mixture and subsequently lower the reaction rate, operating temperature, and harmful emissions. EGR gases are used to increase the heat capacity of the burned gases for a given quantity of heat release, which in turn lowers the combustion temperature. Particularly, in a four-stroke HCCI engine, hot EGR gases enhance combustion process, mainly due to the high temperature of the intake mixture. In study, a comprehensive simulation analysis of the HCCI engine is carried out using a CFD model that includes solution of three-dimensional RANS equations and turbulent closure model along with the detailed chemical kinetics and non-isothermal wall heat loss to show a quantitative evaluation of the sensitivity of the EGR rate on the heat-release rates (HRR), engine efficiency, and emission.
Book Synopsis Design Considerations, Modeling, and Analysis of Micro-homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Free-piston Engines by : Hans Thomas Aichlmayr
Download or read book Design Considerations, Modeling, and Analysis of Micro-homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Free-piston Engines written by Hans Thomas Aichlmayr and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Computational Study of the Impact of Mixing on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition by : Rahul Jhavar
Download or read book A Computational Study of the Impact of Mixing on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition written by Rahul Jhavar and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Operating Range and Engine Performance with Different Fuels by : Tanet Aroonsrisopon
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Operating Range and Engine Performance with Different Fuels written by Tanet Aroonsrisopon and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inflation - Kaufkraft - Wechselkurs by :
Download or read book Inflation - Kaufkraft - Wechselkurs written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council
Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Book Synopsis Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines by : Daniel Lee Flowers
Download or read book Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines written by Daniel Lee Flowers and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation Into HCCI Combustion Under Primary Reference Fuel Blends by : Pablo Mendoza Villafuerte
Download or read book An Investigation Into HCCI Combustion Under Primary Reference Fuel Blends written by Pablo Mendoza Villafuerte and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research by : Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava
Download or read book Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research written by Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses all aspects of advanced engine technologies, and describes the role of alternative fuels and solution-based modeling studies in meeting the increasingly higher standards of the automotive industry. By promoting research into more efficient and environment-friendly combustion technologies, it helps enable researchers to develop higher-power engines with lower fuel consumption, emissions, and noise levels. Over the course of 12 chapters, it covers research in areas such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and control strategies, the use of alternative fuels and additives in combination with new combustion technology and novel approaches to recover the pumping loss in the spark ignition engine. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.
Book Synopsis Fuel Effects on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion by : Jacob Richard Zuehl
Download or read book Fuel Effects on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion written by Jacob Richard Zuehl and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines, 2007 by :
Download or read book Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines, 2007 written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
