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Author : Chantelle Radue
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (468 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Degradation in Thin Film Photovoltaic Modules written by Chantelle Radue and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dipankar Deb
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128236426
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Degradation, Mitigation, and Forecasting Approaches in Thin Film Photovoltaics written by Dipankar Deb and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Degradation, Mitigation and Forecasting Approaches in Thin Film Photovoltaics covers detailed descriptions of cell to module level fundamentals of photovoltaics including thin-film materials, performance, maintenance procedures and performance forecasting approaches. Designed to help readers better understand the complexities of photovoltaics, covering the most important aspects of PV cell design, fabrication and performance limiting issues coupled with case studies dedicated towards the forecasting approaches for performance degradations occurring in PV panels. Through theoretical and experimental techniques and methods for performance prediction of the PV cells and modules, this reference concludes with an analysis of the emerging PV technologies for the future. Particularly helpful to researchers because the chapters are aligned in a way that enables readers to start from the fundamentals of PVs and end up with a sound understanding of the current and upcoming PV challenges and ways to deal with them. Describes thin-film photovoltaics from material to cell level, along with performance limiting issues Addresses issues pertaining to photovoltaic panel maintenance and cleaning procedures Includes forecasting approaches of potential induced degradation occurring in PVs through theoretical and experimental methods
Author : Victor G. Karpov
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111965100X
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Physics of Thin-Film Photovoltaics written by Victor G. Karpov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PHYSICS OF THIN-FILM PHOTOVOLTAICS Tackling one of the hottest topics in renewables, thin-film photovoltaics, the authors present the latest updates, technologies, and applications, offering the most up-to-date and thorough coverage available to the engineer, scientist, or student. It appears rather paradoxical that thin-film photovoltaics (PVs) are made of materials that seem unacceptable from the classical PV perspective, and yet they often outperform classical PV. This exciting new volume solves that paradox by switching to a new physics paradigm. Many concepts here fall beyond the classical PV scope. The differences lie in device thinness (microns instead of millimeters) and morphology (non-crystalline instead of crystalline). In such structures, the charge carriers can reach electrodes without recombination. On the other hand, thin disordered structures render a possibility of detrimental lateral nonuniformities (“recombination highways”), and their energy spectra give rise to new recombination modes. The mechanisms of thermal exchange and device degradation are correspondingly unique. The overall objective of this book is to give a self-contained in-depth discussion of the physics of thin-film systems in a manner accessible to both researchers and students. It covers most aspects of the physics of thin-film PV, including device operations, material structure and parameters, thin-film junction formation, analytical and numerical modeling, concepts of large area effects and lateral non-uniformities, physics of shunting (both shunt growth and effects), and device degradation. Also, it reviews a variety of physical diagnostic techniques proven with thin-film PV. Whether for the veteran engineer or the student, this is a must-have for any library. This outstanding new volume: Covers not only the state-of-the-art of thin-film photovoltaics, but also the basics, making this volume useful not just to the veteran engineer, but the new-hire or student as well Offers a comprehensive coverage of thin-film photovoltaics, including operations, modeling, non-uniformities, piezo-effects, and degradation Includes novel concepts and applications never presented in book format before Is an essential reference, not just for the engineer, scientist, and student, but the unassuming level of presentation also makes it accessible to readers with a limited physics background Is filled with workable examples and designs that are helpful for practical applications Is useful as a textbook for researchers, students, and faculty for understanding new ideas in this rapidly emerging field Audience: Industrial professionals in photovoltaics, such as engineers, managers, research and development staff, technicians, government and private research labs; also academic and research universities, such as physics, chemistry, and electrical engineering departments, and graduate and undergraduate students studying electronic devices, semiconductors, and energy disciplines
Author : Yoshihiro Hamakawa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662105497
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (621 download)
Download or read book Thin-Film Solar Cells written by Yoshihiro Hamakawa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive book on thin-film solar cells, potentially a key technology for solving the energy production problem in the 21st century in an environmentally friendly way. It covers a wide range of scientific and technological aspects of thin film semiconductors - deposition technologies, growth mechanisms and the basic properties of amorphous and nano-crystalline silicon - as well as the optimum design theory and device physics of high-efficiency solar cells, especially of single-junction and multi-junction solar cells. The development of large-area solar cell modules using single and multi-junction solar cells is also considered. Examples of recent photovoltaic systems are presented and analysed.
Author : Abdulkerim Gok
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789848229
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)
Download or read book Reliability and Ecological Aspects of Photovoltaic Modules written by Abdulkerim Gok and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy is expected to be the world's largest source of electricity in the future. To enhance the long-term reliability of PV modules, a thorough understanding of failure mechanisms is of vital importance. In addition, it is important to address the potential downsides to this technology. These include the hazardous chemicals needed for manufacturing solar cells, especially for thin-film technologies, and the large number of PV modules disposed of at the end of their lifecycles. This book discusses the reliability and environmental aspects of PV modules.
Author : Dirk C. Jordan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (748 download)
Download or read book Thin-film Reliability Trends Toward Improved Stability written by Dirk C. Jordan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term, stable performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules will be increasingly important to their successful penetration of the power grid. This paper summarizes more than 150 thin-film and more than 1700 silicon PV degradation rates (Rd) quoted in publications for locations worldwide. Partitioning the literature results by technology and date of installation statistical analysis shows an improvement in degradation rate especially for thin-film technologies in the last decade. A CIGS array deployed at NREL for more than 5 years that appears to be stable supports the literature trends. Indoor and outdoor data indicate undetectable change in performance (0.2+/-0.2 %/yr). One module shows signs of slight degradation from what appears to be an initial manufacturing defect, however it has not affected the overall system performance.
Author : Jef Poortmans
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470091266
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Thin Film Solar Cells written by Jef Poortmans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-10-16 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin-film solar cells are either emerging or about to emerge from the research laboratory to become commercially available devices finding practical various applications. Currently no textbook outlining the basic theoretical background, methods of fabrication and applications currently exist. Thus, this book aims to present for the first time an in-depth overview of this topic covering a broad range of thin-film solar cell technologies including both organic and inorganic materials, presented in a systematic fashion, by the scientific leaders in the respective domains. It covers a broad range of related topics, from physical principles to design, fabrication, characterization, and applications of novel photovoltaic devices.
Author : Arvind Victor Shah
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439808104
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells written by Arvind Victor Shah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-08-19 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic technology has now developed to the extent that it is close to fulfilling the vision of a "solar-energy world," as devices based on this technology are becoming efficient, low-cost and durable. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of thin-film silicon, a prevalent PV material, in terms of its semiconductor nature, startin
Author : Stuart R. Wenham
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113652830X
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Applied Photovoltaics written by Stuart R. Wenham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this thoroughly considered textbook provides a reliable, accessible and comprehensive guide for students of photovoltaic applications and renewable energy engineering. Written by a group of award-winning authors it is brimming with information and is carefully designed to meet the needs of its readers. Along with exercises and references at the end of each chapter, it features a set of detailed technical appendices that provide essential equations, data sources and standards. The new edition has been fully updated with the latest information on photovoltaic cells, modules, applications and policy. Starting from basics with 'The Characteristics of Sunlight' the reader is guided step-by-step through semiconductors and p-n junctions; the behaviour of solar cells; cell properties and design; and PV cell interconnection and module fabrication. The book covers stand-alone photovoltaic systems; specific purpose photovoltaic systems; remote area power supply systems; grid-connected photovoltaic systems and water pumping. Applied Photovoltaics is highly illustrated and very accessible, providing the reader with all the information needed to start working with photovoltaics.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Thin-Film Reliability Trends Toward Improved Stability: Preprint written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term, stable performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules will be increasingly important to their successful penetration of the power grid. This paper summarizes more than 150 thin-film and more than 1700 silicon PV degradation rates (Rd) quoted in publications for locations worldwide. Partitioning the literature results by technology and date of installation statistical analysis shows animprovement in degradation rate especially for thin-film technologies in the last decade. A CIGS array deployed at NREL for more than 5 years that appears to be stable supports the literature trends. Indoor and outdoor data indicate undetectable change in performance (0.2+/-0.2 %/yr). One module shows signs of slight degradation from what appears to be an initial manufacturing defect, however ithas not affected the overall system performance.
Author : Frederik C. Krebs
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118312236
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)
Download or read book Stability and Degradation of Organic and Polymer Solar Cells written by Frederik C. Krebs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-02 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic photovoltaics (OPV) are a new generation of solar cells with the potential to offer very short energy pay back times, mechanical flexibility and significantly lower production costs compared to traditional crystalline photovoltaic systems. A weakness of OPV is their comparative instability during operation and this is a critical area of research towards the successful development and commercialization of these 3rd generation solar cells. Covering both small molecule and polymer solar cells, Stability and Degradation of Organic and Polymer Solar Cells summarizes the state of the art understanding of stability and provides a detailed analysis of the mechanisms by which degradation occurs. Following an introductory chapter which compares different photovoltaic technologies, the book focuses on OPV degradation, discussing the origin and characterization of the instability and describing measures for extending the duration of operation. Topics covered include: Chemical and physical probes for studying degradation Imaging techniques Photochemical stability of OPV materials Degradation mechanisms Testing methods Barrier technology and applications Stability and Degradation of Organic and Polymer Solar Cells is an essential reference source for researchers in academia and industry, engineers and manufacturers working on OPV design, development and implementation.
Author : Arvind Shah
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030464873
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Solar Cells and Modules written by Arvind Shah and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the field of photovoltaic (PV) solar cells and modules. In thirteen chapters, it addresses a wide range of topics including the spectrum of light received by PV devices, the basic functioning of a solar cell, and the physical factors limiting the efficiency of solar cells. It places particular emphasis on crystalline silicon solar cells and modules, which constitute today more than 90 % of all modules sold worldwide. Describing in great detail both the manufacturing process and resulting module performance, the book also touches on the newest developments in this sector, such as Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCON) and heterojunction modules, while dedicating a major chapter to general questions of module design and fabrication. Overall, it presents the essential theoretical and practical concepts of PV solar cells and modules in an easy-to-understand manner and discusses current challenges facing the global research and development community.
Author : Marco Rosa-Clot
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128170611
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Floating PV Plants written by Marco Rosa-Clot and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy sources (RES) are one of the important instruments that human beings can use to tackle problems created by climate change. We expect a quick expansion of RES in the next few years. One important new technology is the floating photovoltaic (FPV) which is at its very beginning but which after only 10 years from its first proposal has already reached the target of 2 GWp of plants installed. This book explores the reasons for such growth and the advantages of this new technology. FPV plants are easily integrated into any human settlements and can use available fresh water as well as salt water near coastal areas. So their geographic potential is unlimited. Furthermore, their environmental impact is limited and the managing and decommissioning of plants are very cheap. The book offers a perspective on the many facets of this technology as well as an analysis of the economic aspect and of the final electricity cost which in a short time will go down to less than 50 $ per MWh. Contributions from different authors have helped in sectors such as the raft structure, the wave impact, and the environment problems. Investigates the installation of photovoltaic systems over the water's surface Offers theoretical and practical explanations on how to study, analyze and design photovoltaic energy systems Considers how the use of floating photovoltaic systems can work to fulfill domestic energy demand
Author : Christoph Richter
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461458050
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (58 download)
Download or read book Solar Energy written by Christoph Richter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gathering some 30 entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, this book presents fundamental principles and technologies for sustainably harnessing solar energy. Covers photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar radiation and more.
Author : Sofiane Kichou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Automatic Supervision of Pv Systems and Degradation Analysis of Thin Film PV Modules written by Sofiane Kichou and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring and regular performance analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (GCPV) systems are of primal importance in order to ensure an optimal energy harvesting and reliable power production at competitive costs. Main faults in GCPV systems are caused by short-circuits or open-circuits in PV modules, inverter disconnections, PV module degradation and the presence of shadows on the PV array plane. Detecting these faults can minimize generated losses by reducing the time in which the PV system is working below its optimum point of power generation. In addition, the degradation of Tin Film PV (TFPV) modules under outdoor exposure is still not fully understood and is currently object of research. A better understanding on this topic would be important for selecting the best PV technology for the appropriate climatic condition and for improving the reliability and performance of PV systems. Simulations play a crucial role in both outdoor behaviour forecasting and automatic fault detection of GCPV systems. Two PV module/array models have been used in the present thesis in order to simulate the outputs of GCPV systems of different topologies and solar cell technologies, as well as in the fault detection procedure. Moreover, five different algorithms were used for estimating the unknown parameters of both PV models in order to see how these estimated parameters affect their accuracy in reproducing the outdoor behaviour of three GCPV systems. The obtained results show that the metaheuristic algorithms are more efficient than the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LMA) especially in bad weather conditions and both PV models perform well when used in the automatic fault detection procedure. A new approach for automatic supervision and remote fault detection of GCPV systems by means of OPC technology-based monitoring is presented in this thesis. The fault detection procedure used for the diagnosis of GCPV systems is based on the analysis of the current and voltage indicators evaluated also from monitored data and expected values of current and voltage obtained from the model of the PV generator. Three GCPV systems having different sizes, topologies and cell technologies have been used for the experimental validation of the proposed fault detection method. The analysis of current and voltage indicators has demonstrated effectiveness in the detection of most probable faults occurred in the PV arrays in real time. Furthermore, obtained results show that the combination of OPC monitoring along with the proposed fault detection procedure is a robust tool which can be very useful in the field of remote supervision and diagnosis of GCPV systems. Finally, the study of degradation issues of TFPV modules corresponding to four technologies: a-Si:H, a-Si:H/μc-Si:H, CIS and CdTe, deployed under outdoor conditions for long term exposure is also addressed in the present thesis. The impact of the degradation on the output power of the PV modules is analysed, in order to determine their annual degradation rate and their stabilization period. The degradation rate is obtained through a procedure based on the evolution of the module effective peak power over time. The stabilization period is evaluated by means of two methods: the evolution of DC-output power of the PV module, and the power-irradiance technique. The obtained results show that the CIS PV module is the most stable compared to the other technologies, when deployed under Continental-Mediterranean Climate. The a-Si:H and a-Si:H/μc-Si:H PV modules also perform quite well, showing degradation rates and stabilization periods similar to the expectations. The CdTe module shows poor performances, with the highest degradation rate, and long stabilization period of 32 months. Lastly, the parameter extraction technique has been also applied to analyse the evolution of model parameters for a-Si:H and a-Si:H/μc-Si:H arrays working in outdoor conditions for long term exposure.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules Under High Voltage Stress in the Field written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The degradation in performance for eight photovoltaic (PV) modules stressed at high voltage (HV) is presented. Four types of modules--tandem-junction and triple-junction amorphous thin-film silicon, plus crystalline and polycrystalline silicon modules--were tested, with a pair of each biased at opposite polarities. They were deployed outdoors between 2001 and 2009 with their respective HV leakage currents through the module encapsulation continuously monitored with a data acquisition system, along with air temperature and relative humidity. For the first 5 years, all modules were biased continuously at fixed 600 VDC, day and night. In the last 2 years, the modules were step-bias stressed cyclically up and down in voltage between 10 and 600 VDC, in steps of tens to hundreds of volts. This allowed characterization of leakage current versus voltage under a large range of temperature and moisture conditions, facilitating determination of leakage paths. An analysis of the degradation is presented, along with integrated leakage charge. In HV operation: the bulk silicon modules degraded either insignificantly or at rates of 0.1%/yr higher than modules not biased at HV; for the thin-film silicon modules, the added loss rates are insignificant for one type, or 0.2%/yr-0.6%/yr larger for the other type.
Author : Inamuddin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119724708
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals of Solar Cell Design written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar cells are semiconductor devices that convert light photons into electricity in photovoltaic energy conversion and can help to overcome the global energy crisis. Solar cells have many applications including remote area power systems, earth-orbiting satellites, wristwatches, water pumping, photodetectors and remote radiotelephones. Solar cell technology is economically feasible for commercial-scale power generation. While commercial solar cells exhibit good performance and stability, still researchers are looking at many ways to improve the performance and cost of solar cells via modulating the fundamental properties of semiconductors. Solar cell technology is the key to a clean energy future. Solar cells directly harvest energy from the sun’s light radiation into electricity are in an ever-growing demand for future global energy production. Solar cell-based energy harvesting has attracted worldwide attention for their notable features, such as cheap renewable technology, scalable, lightweight, flexibility, versatility, no greenhouse gas emission, environment, and economy friendly and operational costs are quite low compared to other forms of power generation. Thus, solar cell technology is at the forefront of renewable energy technologies which are used in telecommunications, power plants, small devices to satellites. Aiming at large-scale implementation can be manipulated by various types used in solar cell design and exploration of new materials towards improving performance and reducing cost. Therefore, in-depth knowledge about solar cell design is fundamental for those who wish to apply this knowledge and understanding in industries and academics. This book provides a comprehensive overview on solar cells and explores the history to evolution and present scenarios of solar cell design, classification, properties, various semiconductor materials, thin films, wafer-scale, transparent solar cells, and so on. It also includes solar cells’ characterization analytical tools, theoretical modeling, practices to enhance conversion efficiencies, applications and patents.
