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Analog And Algorithm Assisted Ultra Low Power Biosignal Acquisition Systems
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Book Synopsis Analog-and-Algorithm-Assisted Ultra-low Power Biosignal Acquisition Systems by : Venkata Rajesh Pamula
Download or read book Analog-and-Algorithm-Assisted Ultra-low Power Biosignal Acquisition Systems written by Venkata Rajesh Pamula and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the design and implementation aspects of ultra-low power biosignal acquisition platforms that exploit analog-assisted and algorithmic approaches for power savings.The authors describe an approach referred to as “analog-and-algorithm-assisted” signal processing.This enables significant power consumption reductions by implementing low power biosignal acquisition systems, leveraging analog preprocessing and algorithmic approaches to reduce the data rate very early in the signal processing chain.They demonstrate savings for wearable sensor networks (WSN) and body area networks (BAN), in the sensors’ stimulation power consumption, as well in the power consumption of the digital signal processing and the radio link. Two specific implementations, an adaptive sampling electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition and a compressive sampling (CS) photoplethysmogram (PPG) acquisition system, are demonstrated. First book to present the so called, “analog-and-algorithm-assisted” approaches for ultra-low power biosignal acquisition and processing platforms; Covers the recent trend of “beyond Nyquist rate” signal acquisition and processing in detail, including adaptive sampling and compressive sampling paradigms; Includes chapters on compressed domain feature extraction, as well as acquisition of photoplethysmogram, an emerging optical sensing modality, including compressive sampling based PPG readout with embedded feature extraction; Discusses emerging trends in sensor fusion for improving the signal integrity, as well as lowering the power consumption of biosignal acquisition systems.
Author :Sandro Augusto Pavlik Haddad Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1402090730 Total Pages :221 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing by : Sandro Augusto Pavlik Haddad
Download or read book Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing written by Sandro Augusto Pavlik Haddad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-26 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Often WT systems employ the discrete wavelet transform, implemented on a digital signal processor. However, in ultra low-power applications such as biomedical implantable devices, it is not suitable to implement the WT by means of digital circuitry due to the relatively high power consumption associated with the required A/D converter. Low-power analog realization of the wavelet transform enables its application in vivo, e.g. in pacemakers, where the wavelet transform provides a means to extremely reliable cardiac signal detection. In Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing we present a novel method for implementing signal processing based on WT in an analog way. The methodology presented focuses on the development of ultra low-power analog integrated circuits that implement the required signal processing, taking into account the limitations imposed by an implantable device.
Book Synopsis Biopotential Readout Circuits for Portable Acquisition Systems by : Refet Firat Yazicioglu
Download or read book Biopotential Readout Circuits for Portable Acquisition Systems written by Refet Firat Yazicioglu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-16 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biopotential Readout Circuits for Portable Acquisition Systems describes one of the main building blocks of such miniaturized biomedical signal acquisition systems. The focus of this book is on the implementation of low-power and high-performance integrated circuit building blocks that can be used to extract biopotential signals from conventional biopotential electrodes. New instrumentation amplifier architectures are introduced and their design is described in detail. These amplifiers are used to implement complete acquisition demonstrator systems that are a stepping stone towards practical miniaturized and low-power systems.
Book Synopsis Energy-Efficient Physical Computation Electronics for Biomedical Signal Processing Applications by : Cihan Berk Güngör
Download or read book Energy-Efficient Physical Computation Electronics for Biomedical Signal Processing Applications written by Cihan Berk Güngör and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological signal sensing and processing has greatly improved our understanding about the body. With the increased number of high quality biosignals that can be sensed from the body, more efficient sensing and processing systems are detrimental to meet requirements of high bandwidth data measurement and processing in power and area limited settings. Power limitation is more and more stringent with the goal of making unobtrusive wearable/implantable devices, where the battery should be long-lasting (e.g., weeks) and as small as possible at the same time. A conventional wearable/implantable biological signal sensing system includes analog-front-end to measure a biosignal, analog-to-digital converter for conversion of the measured signal, and radio to transmit the digitized signal. The most power-hungry block among them is radio, where the power consumption increases with data bandwidth. To overcome the radio power domination, physiologically relevant information can be extracted on sensing system, which would significantly reduce the transferred data bandwidth. Notably, while achieving radio power savings, the accuracy of the on-chip processing should be high. To achieve ultra-low power and high accuracy on-chip processing in resource limiting settings, the dissertation presents two ways. The first path focuses on implementation of a high accuracy digital biological signal processing algorithm in the analog signal processing (ASP) domain. Presented ASP implementation of a high accuracy algorithm achieves high electrocardiogram (ECG) feature detection with the lowest power consumption reported. In the second path, a novel biosignal processing algorithm with physical roots is introduced for intracortical neural spike and ECG feature detection. Moreover, a physical implementation of the developed algorithm with physical computation elements is designed and validated against public and custom datasets. The algorithm with physical origins achieves better signal enhancement and feature detection than widely used ECG and intracortical neural signal enhancement algorithms. Additionally, its ultra-low power physical implementation offers real-time operation while not compromising accuracy. In the dissertation, first, algorithm-level discussions are presented, which are followed by circuit design discussions. Before going into details of algorithms, in Introduction, significance of real-time and accurate ultra-low power on-chip processing is emphasized.
Book Synopsis Ultra Low-power Biomedical Signal Processing by : Sandro Augusto Pavlík Haddad
Download or read book Ultra Low-power Biomedical Signal Processing written by Sandro Augusto Pavlík Haddad and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultra Low Power Bioelectronics by : Rahul Sarpeshkar
Download or read book Ultra Low Power Bioelectronics written by Rahul Sarpeshkar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-22 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides, for the first time, a broad and deep treatment of the fields of both ultra low power electronics and bioelectronics. It discusses fundamental principles and circuits for ultra low power electronic design and their applications in biomedical systems. It also discusses how ultra energy efficient cellular and neural systems in biology can inspire revolutionary low power architectures in mixed-signal and RF electronics. The book presents a unique, unifying view of ultra low power analog and digital electronics and emphasizes the use of the ultra energy efficient subthreshold regime of transistor operation in both. Chapters on batteries, energy harvesting, and the future of energy provide an understanding of fundamental relationships between energy use and energy generation at small scales and at large scales. A wealth of insights and examples from brain implants, cochlear implants, bio-molecular sensing, cardiac devices, and bio-inspired systems make the book useful and engaging for students and practicing engineers.
Book Synopsis Advanced Biosignal Processing by : Amine Nait-Ali
Download or read book Advanced Biosignal Processing written by Amine Nait-Ali and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Generally speaking, Biosignals refer to signals recorded from the human body. They can be either electrical (e. g. Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electromyogram (EMG), etc. ) or non-electrical (e. g. breathing, movements, etc. ). The acquisition and processing of such signals play an important role in clinical routines. They are usually considered as major indicators which provide clinicians and physicians with useful information during diagnostic and monitoring processes. In some applications, the purpose is not necessarily medical. It may also be industrial. For instance, a real-time EEG system analysis can be used to control and analyze the vigilance of a car driver. In this case, the purpose of such a system basically consists of preventing crash risks. Furthermore, in certain other appli- tions,asetof biosignals (e. g. ECG,respiratorysignal,EEG,etc. ) can be used toc- trol or analyze human emotions. This is the case of the famous polygraph system, also known as the “lie detector”, the ef ciency of which remains open to debate! Thus when one is dealing with biosignals, special attention must be given to their acquisition, their analysis and their processing capabilities which constitute the nal stage preceding the clinical diagnosis. Naturally, the diagnosis is based on the information provided by the processing system.
Book Synopsis Low-power Wearable Healthcare Sensors by : R. Simon Sherratt
Download or read book Low-power Wearable Healthcare Sensors written by R. Simon Sherratt and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in technology have produced a range of on-body sensors and smartwatches that can be used to monitor a wearer’s health with the objective to keep the user healthy. However, the real potential of such devices not only lies in monitoring but also in interactive communication with expert-system-based cloud services to offer personalized and real-time healthcare advice that will enable the user to manage their health and, over time, to reduce expensive hospital admissions. To meet this goal, the research challenges for the next generation of wearable healthcare devices include the need to offer a wide range of sensing, computing, communication, and human–computer interaction methods, all within a tiny device with limited resources and electrical power. This Special Issue presents a collection of six papers on a wide range of research developments that highlight the specific challenges in creating the next generation of low-power wearable healthcare sensors.
Book Synopsis Signal Processing for Neuroscientists by : Wim van Drongelen
Download or read book Signal Processing for Neuroscientists written by Wim van Drongelen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-12-18 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signal Processing for Neuroscientists introduces analysis techniques primarily aimed at neuroscientists and biomedical engineering students with a reasonable but modest background in mathematics, physics, and computer programming. The focus of this text is on what can be considered the ‘golden trio’ in the signal processing field: averaging, Fourier analysis, and filtering. Techniques such as convolution, correlation, coherence, and wavelet analysis are considered in the context of time and frequency domain analysis. The whole spectrum of signal analysis is covered, ranging from data acquisition to data processing; and from the mathematical background of the analysis to the practical application of processing algorithms. Overall, the approach to the mathematics is informal with a focus on basic understanding of the methods and their interrelationships rather than detailed proofs or derivations. One of the principle goals is to provide the reader with the background required to understand the principles of commercially available analyses software, and to allow him/her to construct his/her own analysis tools in an environment such as MATLAB®. Multiple color illustrations are integrated in the text Includes an introduction to biomedical signals, noise characteristics, and recording techniques Basics and background for more advanced topics can be found in extensive notes and appendices A Companion Website hosts the MATLAB scripts and several data files: http://www.elsevierdirect.com/companion.jsp?ISBN=9780123708670
Book Synopsis Quadrature RC−Oscillators by : João Carlos Ferreira de Almeida Casaleiro
Download or read book Quadrature RC−Oscillators written by João Carlos Ferreira de Almeida Casaleiro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a tutorial review of van der Pol model, a universal oscillator model for the analysis of modern RC−oscillators in weak and strong nonlinear regimes. A detailed analysis of the injection locking in van der Pol oscillators is also presented. The relation between the van der Pol parameters and several circuit implementations in CMOS nanotechnology is given, showing that this theory is very useful in the optimization of oscillator key parameters, such as: frequency, amplitude and phase relationship. The authors discuss three different examples: active coupling RC−oscillators, capacitive coupling RC−oscillators, and two-integrator oscillator working in the sinusoidal regime. · Provides a detailed tutorial on the van der Pol oscillator model, which can be the basis for the analysis of modern RC−oscillators in weak and strong nonlinear regimes; · Demonstrations the relationship between the van der Pol parameters and several circuit implementations in CMOS nanotechnology, showing that this theory is a powerful tool in the optimization of key oscillator parameters; · Provides three circuit prototypes implemented in modern CMOS nanotechnology in the GHz range, with applications in low area, low power, low cost, wireless sensor network (WSN) applications (e.g. IoT, BLE).
Book Synopsis Digitally Assisted, Fully Integrated, Wideband Transmitters for High-Speed Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communication Links by : David del Rio
Download or read book Digitally Assisted, Fully Integrated, Wideband Transmitters for High-Speed Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communication Links written by David del Rio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents design methods and considerations for digitally-assisted wideband millimeter-wave transmitters. It addresses comprehensively both RF design and digital implementation simultaneously, in order to design energy- and cost-efficient high-performance transmitters for mm-wave high-speed communications. It covers the complete design flow, from link budget assessment to the transistor-level design of different RF front-end blocks, such as mixers and power amplifiers, presenting different alternatives and discussing the existing trade-offs. The authors also analyze the effect of the imperfections of these blocks in the overall performance, while describing techniques to correct and compensate for them digitally. Well-known techniques are revisited, and some new ones are described, giving examples of their applications and proving them in real integrated circuits.
Book Synopsis Radiation Hardened CMOS Integrated Circuits for Time-Based Signal Processing by : Jeffrey Prinzie
Download or read book Radiation Hardened CMOS Integrated Circuits for Time-Based Signal Processing written by Jeffrey Prinzie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state-of-the-art techniques for radiation hardened high-resolution Time-to-Digital converters and low noise frequency synthesizers. Throughout the book, advanced degradation mechanisms and error sources are discussed and several ways to prevent such errors are presented. An overview of the prerequisite physics of nuclear interactions is given that has been compiled in an easy to understand chapter. The book is structured in a way that different hardening techniques and solutions are supported by theory and experimental data with their various tradeoffs. Based on leading-edge research, conducted in collaboration between KU Leuven and CERN, the European Center for Nuclear Research Describes in detail advanced techniques to harden circuits against ionizing radiation Provides a practical way to learn and understand radiation effects in time-based circuits Includes an introduction to the underlying physics, circuit design, and advanced techniques accompanied with experimental data
Book Synopsis Wavelets and Filter Banks by : Gilbert Strang
Download or read book Wavelets and Filter Banks written by Gilbert Strang and published by SIAM. This book was released on 1996-10-01 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive treatment of wavelets for both engineers and mathematicians.
Book Synopsis Memristor Technology: Synthesis and Modeling for Sensing and Security Applications by : Heba Abunahla
Download or read book Memristor Technology: Synthesis and Modeling for Sensing and Security Applications written by Heba Abunahla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with a single-source guide to fabricate, characterize and model memristor devices for sensing applications. The authors describe a correlated, physics-based model to simulate and predict the behavior of devices fabricated with different oxide materials, active layer thickness, and operating temperature. They discuss memristors from various perspectives, including working mechanisms, different synthesis methods, characterization procedures, and device employment in radiation sensing and security applications.
Book Synopsis CMOS Integrated Circuit Design for Wireless Power Transfer by : Yan Lu
Download or read book CMOS Integrated Circuit Design for Wireless Power Transfer written by Yan Lu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state-of-the-art analog and power management IC design techniques for various wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. To create elaborate power management solutions, circuit designers require an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of each converter and regulator in the power chain. This book addresses WPT design issues at both system- and circuit-level, and serves as a handbook offering design insights for research students and engineers in the integrated power electronics area.
Book Synopsis Energy-Efficient Smart Temperature Sensors in CMOS Technology by : Kamran Souri
Download or read book Energy-Efficient Smart Temperature Sensors in CMOS Technology written by Kamran Souri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the design and implementation of energy-efficient smart (digital output) temperature sensors in CMOS technology. To accomplish this, a new readout topology, namely the zoom-ADC, is presented. It combines a coarse SAR-ADC with a fine Sigma-Delta (SD) ADC. The digital result obtained from the coarse ADC is used to set the reference levels of the SD-ADC, thereby zooming its full-scale range into a small region around the input signal. This technique considerably reduces the SD-ADC’s full-scale range, and notably relaxes the number of clock cycles needed for a given resolution, as well as the DC-gain and swing of the loop-filter. Both conversion time and power-efficiency can be improved, which results in a substantial improvement in energy-efficiency. Two BJT-based sensor prototypes based on 1st-order and 2nd-order zoom-ADCs are presented. They both achieve inaccuracies of less than ±0.2°C over the military temperature range (-55°C to 125°C). A prototype capable of sensing temperatures up to 200°C is also presented. As an alternative to BJTs, sensors based on dynamic threshold MOSTs (DTMOSTs) are also presented. It is shown that DTMOSTs are capable of achieving low inaccuracy (±0.4°C over the military temperature range) as well as sub-1V operation, making them well suited for use in modern CMOS processes.
Book Synopsis Nonuniform Sampling by : Farokh Marvasti
Download or read book Nonuniform Sampling written by Farokh Marvasti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our understanding of nature is often through nonuniform observations in space or time. In space, one normally observes the important features of an object, such as edges. The less important features are interpolated. History is a collection of important events that are nonuniformly spaced in time. Historians infer between events (interpolation) and politicians and stock market analysts forecast the future from past and present events (extrapolation). The 20 chapters of Nonuniform Sampling: Theory and Practice contain contributions by leading researchers in nonuniform and Shannon sampling, zero crossing, and interpolation theory. Its practical applications include NMR, seismology, speech and image coding, modulation and coding, optimal content, array processing, and digital filter design. It has a tutorial outlook for practising engineers and advanced students in science, engineering, and mathematics. It is also a useful reference for scientists and engineers working in the areas of medical imaging, geophysics, astronomy, biomedical engineering, computer graphics, digital filter design, speech and video processing, and phased array radar.
