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Anaerobic Co Digestion Of Lignocellulosic Waste
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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste by : Luis Isidoro Romero García
Download or read book Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste written by Luis Isidoro Romero García and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some terms, such as eco-friendly, circular economy and green technologies, have remained in our vocabulary, because the truth is that mankind is altering the planet to put its own subsistence at risk. Besides, for rationalization in the consumption of raw materials and energy, the recycling of waste through efficient and sustainable processes forms the backbone of the paradigm of a sustainable industry. One of the most relevant technologies for the new productive model is anaerobic digestion. Historically, anaerobic digestion has been developed in the field of urban wastes and wastewater treatments, but in the new challenge, its role is more relevant. Anaerobic digestion is a technologically mature biological treatment, which joins bioenergy production with the efficient removal of contaminants. This issue provides a specialized, but broad in scope, overview of the possibilities of the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass (mainly forestry and agricultural wastes), which is expected to be a more promising substrate for the development of biorefineries. Its conversion to bioenergy through anaerobic digestion must solve some troubles: the complex lignocellulosic structure needs to be deconstructed by pretreatments and a co-substrate may need to be added to improve the biological process. Ten selected works advance this proposal into the future.
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste by : Luis Isidoro Romero Garcia
Download or read book Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste written by Luis Isidoro Romero Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some terms, such as eco-friendly, circular economy and green technologies, have remained in our vocabulary, because the truth is that mankind is altering the planet to put its own subsistence at risk. Besides, for rationalization in the consumption of raw materials and energy, the recycling of waste through efficient and sustainable processes forms the backbone of the paradigm of a sustainable industry. One of the most relevant technologies for the new productive model is anaerobic digestion. Historically, anaerobic digestion has been developed in the field of urban wastes and wastewater treatments, but in the new challenge, its role is more relevant. Anaerobic digestion is a technologically mature biological treatment, which joins bioenergy production with the efficient removal of contaminants. This issue provides a specialized, but broad in scope, overview of the possibilities of the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass (mainly forestry and agricultural wastes), which is expected to be a more promising substrate for the development of biorefineries. Its conversion to bioenergy through anaerobic digestion must solve some troubles: the complex lignocellulosic structure needs to be deconstructed by pretreatments and a co-substrate may need to be added to improve the biological process. Ten selected works advance this proposal into the future.
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion by : Rajesh Banu
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion written by Rajesh Banu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-09-04 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in technology to recover bioenergy from various feedstocks make them suitable alternatives to fossil fuel. This book contains several scientific discussions regarding microbes involved in biogas production, the anaerobic digestion process, their operation, and application for sustainable development. The book provides in-depth information about anaerobic digestion for researchers and graduate students. The editor sincerely thanks all the contributors, whose efforts have brought this book to fruition.
Book Synopsis Strategies to Improve Anaerobic Digestion of Wastes with Especial Attention to Lignocellulosic Substrates by : Xavier Fonoll Almansa
Download or read book Strategies to Improve Anaerobic Digestion of Wastes with Especial Attention to Lignocellulosic Substrates written by Xavier Fonoll Almansa and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The energy demand increase and the generation of wastes is being the major problem regarding the next generation sustainability. Both problems can be corrected through the implementation of anaerobic digestion, a waste treatment technology able to produce electricity, heat and a fertilizer. The anaerobic co-digestion between two wastes with complementary characteristics has been widely studied to improve the methane production in anaerobic digesters. However, to increase the methane production from lignocelulosics substrates is still one of the main challenges of anaerobic digestion. Lignocelulosic components are a tridimensional structure between lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, which bonds are extremely difficult to degrade by conventional anaerobic bacteria. Besides, those components can be found in a wide range of substrates such as municipal solid wastes, agro-wastes and energy crops. In the following thesis, the increase of the economic viability of anaerobic digestion plants treating lignocelulosic materials has been studied. Initially, the transitory state while the co-substrate was changed in the anaerobic co-digestion between sewage sludge and fruit waste was studied. The stability of the reactors was not drastically affected when the co-substrate was changed, but, the use of a co-substrate with a high concentration of fibers did not improve the methane production too much. Secondly, in order to consider the valorization of lignocellulosic components through the production of by-products, the effect of these components on the municipal solid wastes anaerobic digestion performance was evaluated. When the paper waste was removed, the biodegradability of the feedstock increased allowing the specific methane production to increase. Nevertheless, the digester was more fragile against instabilities and the digestate quality decreased if short retention times are applied. Next, low-temperature and ultrasounds pretreatments, strategies that have not been used too much for the degradation of lignocellulosic components, were studied to increase the methane production during the anaerobic co-digestion of barley waste and pig manure. Low-temperature and ultrasound pretreatment increased the methane production in a 27 and 12% respectively but only the first one had a positive energy balance. Finally, rumen, a waste from the slaughterhouse industry was used as inoculum and as co-substrate to bring hydrolytic bacteria able to improve the degradation of Napier grass. The results showed that, when rumen is used as inoculum it need to be mixed with an inoculum with high buffer capacity and a co-substrate with alkalinity need to be used to avoid long start-up periods. The methane production only increased at the beginning and in a long-term, the microbial community was governed by the substrate and not by the rumen. However, rumen did not increase the methane production when it was used as a co-substrate because the digester conditions were not optimal for the activity of hydrolytic bacteria. All the experiments were carried out in the laboratory and the conclusions are considered a progress for the energy production through the use of lignocellulosic substrates.
Book Synopsis The Microbiology of Anaerobic Digesters by : Michael H. Gerardi
Download or read book The Microbiology of Anaerobic Digesters written by Michael H. Gerardi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-09-19 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical degradation process that converts complex organic material, such as animal manure, into methane and other byproducts. Part of the author's Wastewater Microbiology series, Microbiology of Anareboic Digesters eschews technical jargon to deliver a practical, how-to guide for wastewater plant operators.
Book Synopsis Utilization and Management of Bioresources by : Sadhan Kumar Ghosh
Download or read book Utilization and Management of Bioresources written by Sadhan Kumar Ghosh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains high-quality research papers presented at Sixth International Conference on Solid Waste Management held at Jadavpur University, Kolkata India during November 23-26, 2016. The Conference, IconSWM 2016, is organized by Centre for Quality Management System, Jadavpur University in association with premier institutes and societies of India. The researchers from more than 30 countries presented their work in Solid Waste Management. The book is divided into two volumes and deliberates on various issues related to innovation and implementation in sustainable waste management, segregation, collection, transportation of waste, treatment technology, policy and strategies, energy recovery, life cycle analysis, climate change, research and business opportunities.
Book Synopsis Pretreatment of Biomass by : Ashok Pandey
Download or read book Pretreatment of Biomass written by Ashok Pandey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pretreatment of Biomass provides general information, basic data, and knowledge on one of the most promising renewable energy sources—biomass for their pretreatment—which is one of the most essential and critical aspects of biomass-based processes development. The quest to make the environment greener, less polluted, and less hazardous has led to the concept of biorefineries for developing bio-based processes and products using biomass as a feedstock. Each kind of biomass requires some kind of pretreatment to make it suitable for bioprocess. This book provides state-of-art information on the methods currently available for this. This book provides data-based scientific information on the most advanced and innovative pretreatment of lignocellulosic and algal biomass for further processing. Pretreatment of biomass is considered one of the most expensive steps in the overall processing in a biomass-to-biofuel program. With the strong advancement in developing lignocellulose biomass- and algal biomass-based biorefineries, global focus has been on developing pretreatment methods and technologies that are technically and economically feasible. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in methods used for the pretreatment of biomass. An entire section is devoted to the methods and technologies of algal biomass due to the increasing global attention of its use. Provides information on the most advanced and innovative pretreatament processes and technologies for biomass Covers information on lignocellulosic and algal biomass to work on the principles of biorefinery Useful for researchers intending to study scale-up Provides information on integration of processes and technologies for the pretreatment of biomass
Author :IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes Publisher :IWA Publishing ISBN 13 :1900222787 Total Pages :61 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) by : IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) written by IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes was created with the aim to produce a generic model and common platform for dynamic simulations of a variety of anaerobic processes. This book presents the outcome of this undertaking and is the result of four years collaborative work by a number of international experts from various fields of anaerobic process technology. The purpose of this approach is to provide a unified basis for anaerobic digestion modelling. It is hoped this will promote increased application of modelling and simulation as a tool for research, design, operation and optimisation of anaerobic processes worldwide. This model was developed on the basis of the extensive but often disparate work in modelling and simulation of anaerobic digestion systems over the last twenty years. In developing ADM1, the Task Group have tried to establish common nomenclature, units and model structure, consistent with existing anaerobic modelling literature and the popular activated sludge models (See Activated Sludge Models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3, IWA Publishing, 2000, ISBN: 1900222248). As such, it is intended to promote widespread application of simulation from domestic (wastewater and sludge) treatment systems to specialised industrial applications. Outputs from the model include common process variables such gas flow and composition, pH, separate organic acids, and ammonium. The structure has been devised to encourage specific extensions or modifications where required, but still maintain a common platform. During development the model has been successfully tested on a range of systems from full-scale waste sludge digestion to laboratory-scale thermophilic high-rate UASB reactors. The model structure is presented in a readily applicable matrix format for implementation in many available differential equation solvers. It is expected that the model will be available as part of commercial wastewater simulation packages. ADM1 will be a valuable information source for practising engineers working in water treatment (both domestic and industrial) as well as academic researchers and students in Environmental Engineering and Science, Civil and Sanitary Engineering, Biotechnology, and Chemical and Process Engineering departments. Contents Introduction Nomenclature, State Variables and Expressions Biochemical Processes Physicochemical Processes Model Implementation in a Single Stage CSTR Suggested Biochemical Parameter Values, Sensitivity and Estimation Conclusions References Appendix A: Review of Parameters Appendix B: Supplementary Matrix Information Appendix C: Integration with the ASM Appendix D: Estimating Stoichiometric Coefficients for Fermentation Scientific & Technical Report No.13
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion of Yard Waste and Biogas Purification by Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide by : Phil Boone Cherosky
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion of Yard Waste and Biogas Purification by Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide written by Phil Boone Cherosky and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks, in particular yard waste, are highly desired for anaerobic digestion as they are widely available and tipping fees are commonly associated with disposal. The high concentration of lignin presents a major challenge for utilizing yard wastes as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion. Therefore, additional steps are necessary to increase the biodegradability of yard waste. The initial focus of this study was to test two potential methods for increasing the methane production of yard waste: pretreatment and co-digestion. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreatment was studied at NaOH concentrations of 3% and 5%. It was found that 3% NaOH pretreatment had no significant improvement on methane production while 5% NaOH pretreatment had a significant negative effect on methane production. The second method studied was co-digestion of yard waste and food waste. Co-digestion at a ratio of 75% food waste and 25% yard waste showed a four-fold increase in methane yield compared to digestion of 50% food waste and 50% yard waste and a two-fold increase in methane production compared to digestion of 100% food waste. Anaerobic digestion of food waste containing protein and other sulfur containing substances produces hydrogen sulfide in biogas. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in biogas causes corrosion of metal components such as regulators, gas meters, valves, and mountings. Combustion of biogas containing H2S produces poisonous sulfur dioxide (SO2). The SO2 also dissolves in engine oil causing the oil to become acidic and lose its ability to lubricate. One method for H2S removal involves using hydrated iron oxides supported on a media comprised of wood chips or wood shavings. The iron oxide reacts with the H2S in the gas to form iron sulfide and water. This method is called an iron sponge. The second focus of this study was to test hydrogen sulfide removal using the iron sponge method. The first goal was to determine the optimum operating parameters of an iron sponge system. Using ground yard waste, ideal operating parameters for the iron sponge were determined to be 0.1875" particle size and 15%-25% moisture content. Moisture was found to be a critical factor in the operation of the H2S scrubber system. Optimum moisture content varies with particle size and the materials' ability to absorb water. The iron sponge needs water to properly facilitate H2S conversion to Fe2S3, but high moisture can be problematic. The second and primary goal of this research was to develop and test iron sponge materials using alternative media to the commercial material, SulfaMasterTM, and to identify those with equal or superior performance. An iron sponge using digested yard waste from an anaerobic digester as a media material at 25% moisture was determined to be an ideal alternative to the SulfaMasteTM material removing 90% of the hydrogen sulfide in biogas at initial levels near 1000ppm H2S. The digested yard waste had similar performance to SulfaMasterTM and is an inexpensive substitute. Ground yard waste at 0.1875" particle size performed similarly but results were more erratic. Spent tobacco was not an effective medium for the iron sponge.
Book Synopsis 2019 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon) by : IEEE Staff
Download or read book 2019 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon) written by IEEE Staff and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MERCon 2019 aims to discuss the research and development in multidisciplinary engineering fields such as electrical and electronics engineering, computer engineering, material and chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, robotics, automation and control, textile and clothing engineering, civil and structural engineering, environmental engineering, Transportation engineering and management of technology
Book Synopsis Energy and Sustainable Futures by : Iosif Mporas
Download or read book Energy and Sustainable Futures written by Iosif Mporas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents papers displayed in the 2nd International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Futures (ICESF 2020), co-organised by the University of Hertfordshire and the University Alliance DTA in Energy. The research included in this book covers a wide range of topics in the areas of energy and sustainability including: • ICT and control of energy;• conventional energy sources;• energy governance;• materials in energy research;• renewable energy; and• energy storage. The book offers a holistic view of topics related to energy and sustainability, making it of interest to experts in the field, from industry and academia.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Solid-state to Liquid Phase Anaerobic Digestion of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biogas Production by : Dan Lee Brown
Download or read book Comparison of Solid-state to Liquid Phase Anaerobic Digestion of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biogas Production written by Dan Lee Brown and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results obtained from this study showed that lignocellulosic biomass can achieve comparable methane yields and increased volumetric productivities in SS-AD. In addition, co-digestion of food waste with yard waste demonstrated that overall methane yields and volumetric productivities could be enhanced over SS-AD of yard waste alone.
Book Synopsis Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals by : Charles E. Wyman
Download or read book Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals written by Charles E. Wyman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant biomass is attracting increasing attention as a sustainable resource for large-scale production of renewable fuels and chemicals. However, in order to successfully compete with petroleum, it is vital that biomass conversion processes are designed to minimize costs and maximize yields. Advances in pretreatment technology are critical in order to develop high-yielding, cost-competitive routes to renewable fuels and chemicals. Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals presents a comprehensive overview of the currently available aqueous pretreatment technologies for cellulosic biomass, highlighting the fundamental chemistry and biology of each method, key attributes and limitations, and opportunities for future advances. Topics covered include: • The importance of biomass conversion to fuels • The role of pretreatment in biological and chemical conversion of biomass • Composition and structure of biomass, and recalcitrance to conversion • Fundamentals of biomass pretreatment at low, neutral and high pH • Ionic liquid and organosolv pretreatments to fractionate biomass • Comparative data for application of leading pretreatments and effect of enzyme formulations • Physical and chemical features of pretreated biomass • Economics of pretreatment for biological processing • Methods of analysis and enzymatic conversion of biomass streams • Experimental pretreatment systems from multiwell plates to pilot plant operations This comprehensive reference book provides an authoritative source of information on the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to aid those experienced in the field to access the most current information on the topic. It will also be invaluable to those entering the growing field of biomass conversion.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology for Zero Waste by : Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
Download or read book Biotechnology for Zero Waste written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology for Zero Waste The use of biotechnology to minimize waste and maximize resource valorization In Biotechnology for Zero Waste: Emerging Waste Management Techniques, accomplished environmental researchers Drs. Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and Ravi Kumar Kadeppagari deliver a robust exploration of the role of biotechnology in reducing waste and creating a zero-waste environment. The editors provide resources covering perspectives in waste management like anaerobic co-digestion, integrated biosystems, immobilized enzymes, zero waste biorefineries, microbial fuel cell technology, membrane bioreactors, nano biomaterials, and more. Ideal for sustainability professionals, this book comprehensively sums up the state-of-the-art biotechnologies powering the latest advances in zero-waste strategies. The renowned contributors address topics like bioconversion and biotransformation and detail the concept of the circular economy. Biotechnology for Zero Waste effectively guides readers on the path to creating sustainable products from waste. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to modern perspectives on zero waste drives, including anaerobic co-digestion as a smart approach for enhancing biogas production Comprehensive explorations of bioremediation for zero waste, biological degradation systems, and bioleaching and biosorption of waste Practical discussions of bioreactors for zero waste and waste2energy with biotechnology An in-depth examination of emerging technologies, including nanobiotechnology for zero waste and the economics and commercialization of zero waste biotechnologies Perfect for process engineers, natural products, environmental, soil, and inorganic chemists, Biotechnology for Zero Waste: Emerging Waste Management Techniques will also earn a place in the libraries of food technologists, biotechnologists, agricultural scientists, and microbiologists.
Book Synopsis Post Treatments of Anaerobically Treated Effluents by : Vinay Kumar Tyagi
Download or read book Post Treatments of Anaerobically Treated Effluents written by Vinay Kumar Tyagi and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anaerobic process is considered to be a sustainable technology for organic waste treatment mainly due to its lower energy consumption and production of residual solids coupled with the prospect of energy recovery from the biogas generated. However, the anaerobic process cannot be seen as providing the ‘complete’ solution as its treated effluents would typically not meet the desired discharge limits in terms of residual carbon, nutrients and pathogens. This has given impetus to subsequent post treatment in order to meet the environmental legislations and protect the receiving water bodies and environment. This book discusses anaerobic treatment from the perspective of organic wastes and wastewaters (municipal and industrial) followed by various post-treatment options for anaerobic effluent polishing and resource recovery. Coverage will also be from the perspective of future trends and thoughts on anaerobic technologies being able to support meeting the increasingly stringent disposal standards. The resource recovery angle is particularly interesting as this can arguably help achieve the circular economy. It is intended the information can be used to identify appropriate solutions for anaerobic effluent treatment and possible alternative approaches to the commonly applied post-treatment techniques. The succeeding discussion is intended to lead on to identification of opportunities for further research and development. This book can be used as a standard reference book and textbook in universities for Master and Doctoral students. The academic community relevant to the subject, namely faculty, researchers, scientists, and practicing engineers, will find the book both informative and as a useful source of successful case studies.
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Solid Waste for Energy Production by : Satoto Endar Nayono
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Solid Waste for Energy Production written by Satoto Endar Nayono and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste as such or together with food waste, press water or patatoes sludge was investigated to equilibrate methane production within a day or over the weekend, when no OFMSW was available. A stable co-digestion process could be achieved with COD degradation between 60 and 80 %. The max. organic loading rates were 28 kg COD/L, d. For stable methane production the OLR during Co-digestion should not excede 22,5 kg/L,
Book Synopsis Mathematical and Statistical Approaches for Anaerobic Digestion Feedstock Optimization by : Federico Moretta
Download or read book Mathematical and Statistical Approaches for Anaerobic Digestion Feedstock Optimization written by Federico Moretta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
