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An Investigation Of Instantaneous Plume Rise From Rocket Exhaust
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Book Synopsis An Investigation of Instantaneous Plume Rise from Rocket Exhaust by : Paul F. Sand
Download or read book An Investigation of Instantaneous Plume Rise from Rocket Exhaust written by Paul F. Sand and published by . This book was released on 1996-12-01 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rocket launches at Vandenburg Air Force Base and Cape Canaveral Air Station produce exhaust clouds containing several toxic by-products, including HC1 and A12O3. These clouds rise to atmospheric stabilization heights, and then start dispersing and diffusing through the air. Upon reaching the ground, concentration levels of the toxins may present a human health risk. To predict these risks and concentration levels, range officials use a computer program titled the Rocket Effluent Exhaust Diffusion Model (REEDM). The version currently in use has been shown to underpredict the stabilization height of the exhaust cloud. This thesis examines the theory and algorithms used in REEDM that govern buoyant cloud rise. Further, modifications that improved the physics of the algorithms and changed an entrainment assumption were implemented and tested in REEDM. Stabilization heights predicted by REEDM using these modifications increased and in some cases closely agreed with observed heights. However, in some circumstances, predicted heights exceeded those observed.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Plume Rise from Titan IV Rocket Launches by : Joseph D. Brands
Download or read book An Investigation of Plume Rise from Titan IV Rocket Launches written by Joseph D. Brands and published by . This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space launches at Cape Canaveral Air Station (CCAS) and Vandenberg Air Force Base (vAFB) produce exhaust ground clouds from the solid rocket boosters and liquid hypergolic fuels containing several toxic substances. In order to estimate the health effects that would be imposed upon the public by scheduled launches, range safety officials rely on the Rocket Exhaust Effluent Diffusion Model to predict ground level concentrations of these substances. A drawback to the REEDM is its underprediction of the initial ground clouds stabilization height. This underprediction causes an overprediction of the ground level toxic substance concentrations. This thesis focused on increasing the accuracy of the clouds stabilization height. Therefore, a model was developed incorporating conservation principles of volume, momentum, and buoyancy to predict stabilization height values. As part of the model a predictive function for the coefficient of entrainment was developed based on meteorological conditions. This rate of entrainment is a critical factor in accurately predicting the rise behavior of ground exhaust clouds.
Book Synopsis Investigation at High Altitudes of Rocket Exhaust Plume Symmetry and Interaction with a Plate with a Scaled MOL Thruster by :
Download or read book Investigation at High Altitudes of Rocket Exhaust Plume Symmetry and Interaction with a Plate with a Scaled MOL Thruster written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 1-lb-thrust rocket engine was tested to determine plume symmetry and Mach number contours at 400,000-ft altitude. Total pressure surveys were made with and without a flat plate in the plume. The tests without the plate indicated the plume was symmetrical, and measured results compared well with computed values. In tests with the plate, the shock interaction and boundary-layer buildup on the plate were measured.
Book Synopsis Combined Experimental-analytical Investigation of Afterburning Solid Rocket Exhaust Plume Properties to Improve Signature Level Prediction Capability by :
Download or read book Combined Experimental-analytical Investigation of Afterburning Solid Rocket Exhaust Plume Properties to Improve Signature Level Prediction Capability written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes experimental work performed on a high-speed pre-mixed hydrogen-air jet flame in a co-flowing annular air flow in the presence and absence of base flow at the exit. Includes details on the high-speed flame in a coaxial air facility which was designed, built, and tested to simulate (in a first approximation) rocket exhaust flow conditions. In addition, a new high spatial resolution computer-controlled three-dimensional gear was built to traverse the investigated flow field. The main experimental tool was a two-dimensional laser Doppler velocimeter with data acquisition and processing system. The tool was used to measure the two main velocity components. Other measurements included turbulence intensities and mean temperatures at various downstream sections. The measured initial and flow field data will serve to evaluate the validity of various turbulence models and to predict the structure of rocket exhaust plumes. Moreover, the experiments established the effect of the base flow on the turbulence structure of the exhaust plume.
Book Synopsis Survey of Instrumentation Applicable to the Study of Rocket Exhaust Plumes by : C. H. Fisher
Download or read book Survey of Instrumentation Applicable to the Study of Rocket Exhaust Plumes written by C. H. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of measuring techniques and instrumentation which may be of use in the study of rocket exhaust plumes is presented in a twofold manner. The most practical techniques which have proven successful through actual application in rocket exhaust studies or related environments are treated in an integrated fashion within a plume analysis framework. An additional descriptive collection of appropriate techniques and instrumentation have been compiled into an appendix. The report is organized around those measurements considered most important: temperature, pressure, density, and velocity. (Author).
Book Synopsis Some Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Rocket Exhaust Clouds Measured with Infrared Scanners by : Richard I. Gomberg
Download or read book Some Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Rocket Exhaust Clouds Measured with Infrared Scanners written by Richard I. Gomberg and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Study of Rocket Exhaust Plumes at High Altitudes by : M. J. Wayte
Download or read book A Study of Rocket Exhaust Plumes at High Altitudes written by M. J. Wayte and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Frederick S. Simmons Publisher :AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics) ISBN 13 : Total Pages :312 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Rocket Exhaust Plume Phenomenology by : Frederick S. Simmons
Download or read book Rocket Exhaust Plume Phenomenology written by Frederick S. Simmons and published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics). This book was released on 2000 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book deals with the phenomenology of rocket exhaust plumes as the targets of space-based surveillance systems. Topics include the physical and chemical processes in rocket engines and their exhaust plumes, particularly in regard to flow properties, gas dynamics, and radiative mechanisms that are responsible for the generation of emission in rocket exhaust plumes at infrared and other wavelengths. System designers in a number of defense-related areas will be able to put the information in this book to immediate use.
Book Synopsis Possible Condensation in Rocket Exhaust Plumes by :
Download or read book Possible Condensation in Rocket Exhaust Plumes written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of a computational investigation of possible condensation in the exhaust plume of a specific rocket engine are reported. The exhaust considered is a chemically frozen gas mixture of CO, CO2, H2O, and H2. It was found that only H2O may condense since the other species did not become saturated in the flow field. Possible condensation onset of H2O by homogeneous nucleation has been estimated using the so-called classical steady-state theory, some ideas on the statistical mechanics contributions, and empirical modifications based on previous experiments. (Author Modified Abstract).
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Simulated High Altitude Rocket Exhaust Plumes by : Wendell Norman
Download or read book Experimental Study of Simulated High Altitude Rocket Exhaust Plumes written by Wendell Norman and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gas dynamic structure of high altitude rocket plumes has been studied in a low density tunnel to obtain basic data on plume size and shape and to determine the extent of the mixing region between the free-stream and rocket gases. The rocket was simulated by specially designed ejectors using helium and CO2 as the gases, with conditions chosen to simulate a 100,000-lb-thrust rocket at an altitude of 80 km. Data taken included impact pressure surveys, density measurements of the free-stream and plume gas, temperature measurements, and color photographs. The last three of these were taken using electron beam techniques. The result of the study is a set of basic data. Analysis and interpretation of the data will be performed under a separate study. (Author).
Book Synopsis Possible Condensation in Rocket Exhaust Plumes by : Benjamin J. C. Wu
Download or read book Possible Condensation in Rocket Exhaust Plumes written by Benjamin J. C. Wu and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of a computational investigation of possible condensation in the exhaust plume of a specific rocket engine are reported. The exhaust considered is a chemically frozen gas mixture of CO, CO2, H2O, and H2. It was found that only H2O may condense since the other species did not become saturated in the flow field. Possible condensation onset of H2O by homogeneous nucleation has been estimated using the so-called classical steady-state theory, some ideas on the statistical mechanics contributions, and empirical modifications based on previous experiments. (Author Modified Abstract).
Book Synopsis High Altitude Rocket Plume Structure: Experiment and Calculations by : Frederick P. Boynton
Download or read book High Altitude Rocket Plume Structure: Experiment and Calculations written by Frederick P. Boynton and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Values of impact pressure and species number density measured in a wind tunnel experiment simulating a high-altitude rocket exhaust plume are compared with values calculated with a computer code. Considering a number of uncertainties in the absolute calibrations of the experiment, agreement is generally considered satisfactory for conditions in the mixing region between plume and free stream gases. However, in the forward part of the plume, the data suggests that free-stream gas penetrates further into the plume than the calculation predicts; the cause of this discrepancy is unknown. (Author).
Book Synopsis Attitude Control Rocket Exhaust Plume Experiment by : Rodney A. Boudreaux
Download or read book Attitude Control Rocket Exhaust Plume Experiment written by Rodney A. Boudreaux and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of an Attitude Control Rocket (ACR) exhaust plume include those due to impingement on functional surfaces, and those due to the transmission of electromagnetic signals through the plume. In order to determine the suitability of the selected in-space experiments, a ground test is to be performed on a sub-scale panel. Experiment selection, test panel design, and test plan preparation of this program are reported. The experiments include measurement of the effects of plume temperature, deposition, pressure and emission. Since the experiment is ultimately to be performed in space, all measurements are dynamic, i.e. the experiments have been designed to monitor absolute values and degradations of functional components under actual operating conditions. Also, in order to minimize the differences between the ground test and in-flight test, all panel mounted components are designed for space usage. The major differences to be expected between ground test and space are panel size and readout instrumentation, laboratory instruments being used in the ground test. Emphasis is placed on the Test Plan which serves to tie together the experiment selection, required measurements, and data analysis. Complete descriptions of all components are included and underlying analyses are presented to justify their selection and design.
Book Synopsis A Study of Rocket Exhaust Plumes Using a One-dimensional Flow Model with Nonequilibrium Chemistry by : Edwin Cash Word
Download or read book A Study of Rocket Exhaust Plumes Using a One-dimensional Flow Model with Nonequilibrium Chemistry written by Edwin Cash Word and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental and Computational Study of Moderately Under-expanded Rocket Exhaust Plumes in a Co-flowing Hypersonic Free Stream by : Noel Alexander Morris
Download or read book An Experimental and Computational Study of Moderately Under-expanded Rocket Exhaust Plumes in a Co-flowing Hypersonic Free Stream written by Noel Alexander Morris and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Study of Rocket Exhaust Particles by :
Download or read book A Study of Rocket Exhaust Particles written by and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exhaust -plumes generated by rocket motors are of significant military importance for missile detection, recognition and communication due to their electromagnetic emission and propagation properties. The plume is a high temperature, high velocity stream of gas and particles, into which the surrounding air is entrained. With improvements in the modelling of plume gas chemistry and turbulence, particles present in the plume have become more important in the computational prediction of the plume's flow field, and the subsequent prediction of plume emission and propagation characteristics. This thesis describes research on plume particles, including the measurement of their physical characteristics and the addition of two phase coding (ie. particles) into current plume prediction software. Particle collections were carried out in plumes produced by rocket motors with double base and composite propellants (including aluminised). The collected particles were analysed to establish their chemical composition and size distribution. A laser Doppler anemometer system was successfully used to measure particle velocities in the plumes of 1.5kN double base motors. Particle tracking software was used to trace the paths of particles using a simplified prediction of the plume and it was found that the predicted particle behaviour was analogous to that measured experimentally. Project management software was used during the research and its relevance was assessed in respect to the project's size and nature. The management of experimental trials was studied and a methodology formulated to help improve their future operation. The costs and benefits of the research were assessed and compared to other research projects. Many of the benefits gained, such as measurement techniques, require marketing to ensure that they are exploited in the future. Recommendations for future research are given that should enhance the present work.
Book Synopsis Monitoring Direct Effects of Delta, Atlas, and Titan Launches from Cape Canaveral Air Station by : Paul A. Schmalzer
Download or read book Monitoring Direct Effects of Delta, Atlas, and Titan Launches from Cape Canaveral Air Station written by Paul A. Schmalzer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
