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An Experimental Investigation Of Drag Reduction By Surfactant Solutions And Of Its Implementation In Hydronic Systems
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Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation of Drag Reduction by Surfactant Solutions and of Its Implementation in Hydronic Systems by : Kazimir Gasljevic
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Drag Reduction by Surfactant Solutions and of Its Implementation in Hydronic Systems written by Kazimir Gasljevic and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives by : Feng-Chen Li
Download or read book Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives written by Feng-Chen Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-10 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbulent drag reduction by additives has long been a hot research topic. This phenomenon is inherently associated with multifold expertise. Solutions of drag-reducing additives are usually viscoelastic fluids having complicated rheological properties. Exploring the characteristics of drag-reduced turbulent flows calls for uniquely designed experimental and numerical simulation techniques and elaborate theoretical considerations. Pertinently understanding the turbulent drag reduction mechanism necessities mastering the fundamentals of turbulence and establishing a proper relationship between turbulence and the rheological properties induced by additives. Promoting the applications of the drag reduction phenomenon requires the knowledge from different fields such as chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, municipal engineering, and so on. This book gives a thorough elucidation of the turbulence characteristics and rheological behaviors, theories, special techniques and application issues for drag-reducing flows by surfactant additives based on the state-of-the-art of scientific research results through the latest experimental studies, numerical simulations and theoretical analyses. Covers turbulent drag reduction, heat transfer reduction, complex rheology and the real-world applications of drag reduction Introduces advanced testing techniques, such as PIV, LDA, and their applications in current experiments, illustrated with multiple diagrams and equations Real-world examples of the topic’s increasingly important industrial applications enable readers to implement cost- and energy-saving measures Explains the tools before presenting the research results, to give readers coverage of the subject from both theoretical and experimental viewpoints Consolidates interdisciplinary information on turbulent drag reduction by additives Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives is geared for researchers, graduate students, and engineers in the fields of Fluid Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering, Turbulence, Chemical Engineering, Municipal Engineering. Researchers and practitioners involved in the fields of Flow Control, Chemistry, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Experimental Fluid Dynamics, and Rheology will also find this book to be a much-needed reference on the topic.
Book Synopsis Polymer Physics by : Leszek A. Utracki
Download or read book Polymer Physics written by Leszek A. Utracki and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art advanced research in the field, Polymer Physics explores the interrelationships among polymer structure, morphology, and physical and mechanical behavior. Featuring contributions from renowned experts, the book covers the basics of important areas in polymer physics while projecting into the future, making it a valuable resource for students and chemists, chemical engineers, materials scientists, and polymer scientists as well as professionals in related industries.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation of the Drag and Heat Transfer Reduction of Drag-reducing Surfactants by : Asad A. Salem
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of the Drag and Heat Transfer Reduction of Drag-reducing Surfactants written by Asad A. Salem and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CJChE written by and published by . This book was released on 1998-02 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer Division by : R. A. Nelson
Download or read book Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer Division written by R. A. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Relationships Among Microstructure, Rheology, Drag Reduction and Heat Transfer of Drag Reducing Surfactant Solutions by : Yunying Qi
Download or read book Investigation of Relationships Among Microstructure, Rheology, Drag Reduction and Heat Transfer of Drag Reducing Surfactant Solutions written by Yunying Qi and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Drag reducing (DR) surfactant solutions can reduce pumping energy requirements in district heating and cooling (DHC) systems by 30-60%. To enhance the heat transfer ability of DR surfactant solutions, three methods were investigated. Fluted tube-in-tube heat exchangers and installing destructive devices at heat exchanger entrances were found to be very effective with moderate pressure drop penalties. The former is good for new DHC systems while the latter is ideal for existing DHC systems. Ultrasonic energy break up surfactant microstructures and enhance their heat transfer ability was effective for viscoelastic drag reducing surfactant solutions. The destructive devices and ultrasonic energy temporarily destroy the surfactant microstructure which enhances heat transfer. The microstructure recovers quickly and the solution regains its DR ability downstream of the exchanger. Unsaturated hydrocarbon chains with cis and trans configurations with different counterion/surfactant ratios influence the effective DR temperature range of cationic surfactant solutions, their shear degradation, their rheological behavior and their microstructures. Shearing effects on the microstructures of different DR surfactant solutions were studied using SANS. Surfactant microstructures aligned along the flow direction under shear. However, the critical shear rate for the initiation of alignment depends on surfactant microstructure. Differences and their relation to rheological properties and DR abilities are discussed. Shear induced structures (SIS) are accompanied by first normal stress difference (N1). Non-viscoelastic DR systems do not show SIS and N1. Threadlike micelle structures appear to be present in all DR surfactant solutions under shear, however. While some DR surfactant solutions have low extensional/shear viscosity ratios at extensional rates
Download or read book Journal of Rheology written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drag Reduction of Complex Mixtures by : Keizo Watanabe
Download or read book Drag Reduction of Complex Mixtures written by Keizo Watanabe and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drag Reduction of Complex Mixtures discusses the concept of drag reduction phenomena in complex mixtures in internal and external flows that are shown experimentally by dividing flow patterns into three categories. The book is intended to support further experiments or analysis in drag reduction. As accurately modeling flow behavior with drag reduction is always complex, and since drag reducing additives or solid particles are mixed in fluids, this book covers these complex phenomena in a concise, but comprehensive manner. Comprehensively addresses a range of drag reduction themes involving different kinds of complex mixtures Provides data to support further experimentation and computer modeling of drag in complex flow Includes an introduction to the nature and characteristics of different kinds of complex mixtures
Book Synopsis Drag Reduction of Turbulent Flows by Additives by : A. Gyr
Download or read book Drag Reduction of Turbulent Flows by Additives written by A. Gyr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drag Reduction of Turbulent Flows by Additives is the first treatment of the subject in book form. The treatment is extremely broad, ranging from physicochemical to hydromechanical aspects. The book shows how fibres, polymer molecules or surfactants at very dilute concentrations can reduce the drag of turbulent flow, leading to energy savings. The dilute solutions are considered in terms of the physical chemistry and rheology, and the properties of turbulent flows are presented in sufficient detail to explain the various interaction mechanisms. Audience: Those active in fundamental research on turbulence and those seeking to apply the effects described. Fluid mechanical engineers, rheologists, those interested in energy saving methods, or in any other application in which the flow rate in turbulent flow should be increased.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer Division by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer Division written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing (Online) by : Sunggyu Lee
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing (Online) written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 3338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition Encyclopedia supplies nearly 350 gold standard articles on the methods, practices, products, and standards influencing the chemical industries. It offers expertly written articles on technologies at the forefront of the field to maximize and enhance the research and production phases of current and emerging chemical manufacturing practices and techniques. This collecting of information is of vital interest to chemical, polymer, electrical, mechanical, and civil engineers, as well as chemists and chemical researchers. A complete reconceptualization of the classic reference series the Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design, whose first volume published in 1976, this resource offers extensive A-Z treatment of the subject in five simultaneously published volumes, with comprehensive indexing of all five volumes in the back matter of each tome. It includes material on the design of key unit operations involved with chemical processes; the design, unit operation, and integration of reactors and separation systems; process system peripherals such as pumps, valves, and controllers; analytical techniques and equipment; and pilot plant design and scale-up criteria. This reference contains well-researched sections on automation, equipment, design and simulation, reliability and maintenance, separations technologies, and energy and environmental issues. Authoritative contributions cover chemical processing equipment, engineered systems, and laboratory apparatus currently utilized in the field. It also presents expert overviews on key engineering science topics in property predictions, measurements and analysis, novel materials and devices, and emerging chemical fields. ALSO AVAILABLE ONLINE This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for both researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]
Book Synopsis Investigations on Drag Reduction by Interactions Between Polymer and Surfactant and Polymer and Polymer by : Jia Yang
Download or read book Investigations on Drag Reduction by Interactions Between Polymer and Surfactant and Polymer and Polymer written by Jia Yang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large amount of studies have been carried out on pipeline flow with several kinds of drag reducing agents, especially polymers and surfactants. Drag reducing agents, by definition, are additives which help suppress or eliminate turbulence in a pipeline. The mechanism and methodology of polymer only or surfactant only as drag reducing additives have been fully discovered. Whether mixed drag reducers such as polymer-surfactant or polymer-polymer systems would be effective is still not clear. In our study, polymer-surfactant and polymer-polymer mixed additives are used in order to explore the synergistic effects and interactions in pipeline flow loops. The experimental work was divided into two sections: bench-scale experiments and pilot-scale experiments. In bench-scale experiments, the properties of prepared fluids such as, surface tension, conductivity and shear viscosity were measured. Several comparison methods and calculations were applied to give better understandings of the properties resulting from mixing of polymer with surfactant and polymer with polymer. After analysis of the properties, several combinations of concentrations were selected and solutions were prepared in the main tank of pilot plant and pumped into the pipeline set-up to test the pipeline flow behaviors. Turbulence structure/Reynolds number, pipe diameter, polymer-surfactant concentration were all considered as influencing factors. Critical micelle concentration, critical aggregation concentration, polymer saturation point, the onset of drag reduction, and the interactions between the mixed additives were discussed. A comparison between pipeline results and the predictions of Blasius Equation or Dodge-Metzner Equation were also discussed.. For polymer-surfactant studies, a commonly used polymer additive - carboxylmethylcellulose (referred to as CMC which is anionic) was selected as the drag reducing agent. The performance of this polymer was investigated in the presence of six surfactants respectively - Alcohol ethoxylate (referred to as Alfonic 1412-9 and Alfonic 1412-3 which are nonionic), Aromox DMC (nonionic surfactant), Stepanol WA-100 and Stepwet DF-95 (which mainly consist sodium lauryl sulfates, anionic surfactant) and Amphosol (which is zwitterionic).The experiments were first conducted with pure CMC solution with different concentrations (100ppm, 500ppm, 700ppm and 1000ppm) as a standard. The 500ppm CMC solution was selected as the best polymer concentration with highest drag reduction efficiency. For polymer-surfactant combinations, CMC-Alfonic 1412-9, CMC-Alfonic1412-3, CMC-Stepanol and CMC-Stepwet systems were found to have significant interactions. High surfactant concentration resulted in reduction in %DR. The addition of Aromox increased the drag reduction ability and onset point when concentration was higher than the polymer saturation points. Also, both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were thought to have an effect on critical micelle concentration, which led to the fluctuations in the %DR. For polymer-polymer studies, PAM-PEO system at two different polymer concentrations were investigated. Overall, Pure PAM solution had much higher drag reduction ability than pure PEO solutions. Mixing them together, strong interactions occurred when PEO fraction was high (over 50%) which affected %DR and shear viscosity substantially. Power-law constants n and k were also taken into account and found to exhibit opposite trends with the increase of PEO fraction.
Book Synopsis Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement of Drag Reducing Surfactant Solutions Through the Use of Static Mixers by : James Courtney Knight
Download or read book Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement of Drag Reducing Surfactant Solutions Through the Use of Static Mixers written by James Courtney Knight and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Drag reduction is the phenomenon in which adding a small amount of a chemical additive to a flowing fluid reduces the friction factor of the turbulent flow. Drag reducing agents can lead to reduced pumping energy requirements, fewer pumps required, or smaller pumps, all of which translate into reduced operating and/or capital costs; however, there is a corresponding reduction in heat transfer as well. The goal of this research was to investigate whether the addition of static mixers to a surfactant drag reducing solution would enhance heat transfer in a tube-in-tube heat exchanger. Drag reduction and heat transfer tests were run in a pipe flow system under various conditions. The variables were the primary loop fluid, the primary loop temperature, the Reynolds number, and the length of static mixer at the entrance to the main heat exchanger. Calculations were performed on the data to determine the friction factor, percent drag reduction, amount of heat transferred, inner wall heat transfer coefficient, and Nusselt number for each of the experimental runs. After analyzing the data, it was clear that the surfactant solution was able to reassemble its micellar structure after being degraded by the static mixers. The addition of static mixers improved the heat transfer by 55%-400%. Lengthening the static mixer did not cause a significant increase in heat transfer properties, but it did cause a much larger pressure drop penalty.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of the Friction Drag Reduction Effected by Injecting Dilute Solutions of High Molecular Weight Polymers Into Fully Developed Turbulent Pipe Flow by : James T. Walker
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of the Friction Drag Reduction Effected by Injecting Dilute Solutions of High Molecular Weight Polymers Into Fully Developed Turbulent Pipe Flow written by James T. Walker and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drag Reduction in Fluid Flows by : Robert H. J. Sellin
Download or read book Drag Reduction in Fluid Flows written by Robert H. J. Sellin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
