An Assessment Of The System Costs And Operational Benefits Of Vehicle To Grid Schemes

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An Assessment of the System Costs and Operational Benefits of Vehicle-to-grid Schemes

Author : Chioke Bem Harris
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis An Assessment of the System Costs and Operational Benefits of Vehicle-to-grid Schemes by : Chioke Bem Harris

Download or read book An Assessment of the System Costs and Operational Benefits of Vehicle-to-grid Schemes written by Chioke Bem Harris and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the emerging nationwide availability of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) at prices attainable for many consumers, electric utilities, system operators, and researchers have been investigating the impact of this new source of electricity demand. The presence of PEVs on the electric grid might offer benefits equivalent to dedicated utility-scale energy storage systems by leveraging vehicles' grid-connected energy storage through vehicle-to-grid (V2G) enabled infrastructure. Existing research, however, has not effectively examined the interactions between PEVs and the electric grid in a V2G system. To address these shortcomings in the literature, longitudinal vehicle travel data are first used to identify patterns in vehicle use. This analysis showed that vehicle use patterns are distinctly different between weekends and weekdays, seasonal interactions between vehicle charging, electric load, and wind generation might be important, and that vehicle charging might increase already high peak summer electric load in Texas. Subsequent simulations of PEV charging were performed, which revealed that unscheduled charging would increase summer peak load in Texas by approximately 1\%, and that uncertainty that arises from unscheduled charging would require only limited increases in frequency regulation procurements. To assess the market potential for the implementation of a V2G system that provides frequency regulation ancillary services, and might be able to provide financial incentives to participating PEV owners, a two-stage stochastic programming formulation of a V2G system operator was created. In addition to assessing the market potential for a V2G system, the model was also designed to determine the effect of the market power of the V2G system operator on prices for frequency regulation, the effect of uncertainty in real-time vehicle availability and state-of-charge on the aggregator's ability to provide regulation services, and the effect of different vehicle characteristics on revenues. Results from this model showed that the V2G system operator could generate revenue from participation in the frequency regulation market in Texas, even when subject to the uncertainty in real-time vehicle use. The model also showed that the V2G system operator would have a significant impact on prices, and thus as the number of PEVs participating in a V2G program in a given region increased, per-vehicle revenues, and thus compensation provided to vehicle owners, would decline dramatically. From these estimated payments to PEV owners, the decision to participate in a V2G program was analyzed. The balance between the estimated payments to PEV owners for participating in a V2G program and the increased probability of being left with a depleted battery as a result of V2G operations indicate that an owner of a range-limited battery electric vehicle (BEV) would probably not be a viable candidate for joining a V2G program, while a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) owner might find a V2G program worthwhile. Even for a PHEV owner, however, compensation for participating in a V2G program will provide limited incentive to join.

Design, Analysis and Control of Vehicle-To-Grid Services

Author : Shuang Gao
Publisher : Open Dissertation Press
ISBN 13 : 9781361337844
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (378 download)

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Book Synopsis Design, Analysis and Control of Vehicle-To-Grid Services by : Shuang Gao

Download or read book Design, Analysis and Control of Vehicle-To-Grid Services written by Shuang Gao and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Design, Analysis and Control of Vehicle-to-grid Services" by Shuang, Gao, 高爽, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: There are unique challenges and opportunities related to the integration of electric vehicles into the future power grid, especially the modern distribution grid since electric vehicle (EV) charging facilities and fast-charging stations are usually tied to low-voltage and medium-voltage power networks. The grid-connected EVs, if properly controlled, can operate as distributed energy storage and provide various ancillary services, such as peak shaving, fast-response reserve capacity, frequency regulation, voltage control and reactive supports. The purpose of this thesis is to integrate EVs to the power grid and provides suitable ancillary services to improve the grid reliability and stability. The larger future penetration of EVs and renewable energies is also taken into account to develop the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control scheme with the constraints of EV charging and communication infrastructures. The main contents include: V2G mathematical model and system configuration; impact evaluation of EV integration and the V2G control framework; energy scheduling of EVs integration; V2G dynamic regulation services; control method of EV aggregator for dispatching a fleet of EVs; and the evaluation of V2G control scheme and hardware-in-the-loop experimental system design. In the thesis, the impact of EV charging demand on the conventional distribution grid is firstly estimated to reveal the negative effects of the arbitrary EV charging and the necessity to control the EV charging process. The potential benefits EVs can bring into the power grid support are discussed and a V2G control framework is proposed to perform the V2G optimization and various regulation services. The current power electronics applied EV charging facilities and communication network are integrated into the V2G operation in the future distribution grid with microgrid and smaller installation of renewable generation units. Next, mathematical model of V2G power control is formulated. Two optimization methods are proposed to schedule the EV charging and discharging energy to minimize the power losses and the operating cost while satisfying the mobility needs and the power system limitations. Subsequently, the dynamic regulation of V2G power is investigated to unleash the potential of EVs to provide multiple ancillary services simultaneously. In addition to V2G optimal energy scheduling, EVs can also be employed for dynamic power regulation which requires the fast response to the instantaneous imbalance between the power supply and demand. V2G power is controlled to mitigate the power fluctuation caused by the intermittent wind energy resources, and thus stabilize the system frequency and voltage. Finally, an EV-centric hybrid energy storage system is proposed, which combines the merits of V2G operation and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) to enhance the power quality and system frequency stability. The critical issues in V2G applications are summarized in the end. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5185942 Subjects: Electric vehicles Smart power grids

Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies

Author : Sekyung Han
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039434446
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies by : Sekyung Han

Download or read book Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies written by Sekyung Han and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue “Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies” was in session from 1 May 2019 to 31 May 2020. For this Special issue, we invited articles on current state-of-the-art technologies and solutions in G2V and V2G, including but not limited to the operation and control of gridable vehicles, energy storage and management systems, charging infrastructure and chargers, EV demand and load forecasting, V2G interfaces and applications, V2G and energy reliability and security, environmental impacts, and economic benefits as well as demonstration projects and case studies in the aforementioned areas. Articles that deal with the latest hot topics in V2G are of particular interest, such as V2G and demand-side response control technique, smart charging infrastructure and grid planning, advanced power electronics for V2G systems, adaptation of V2G systems in the smart grid, adaptation of smart cities for a large number of EVs, integration, and the optimization of V2G systems, utilities and transportation assets for advanced V2G systems, wireless power transfer systems for advanced V2G systems, fault detection, maintenance and diagnostics in V2G processes, communications protocols for V2G systems, energy management system (EMS) in V2G systems, IoT for V2G systems, distributed energy and storage systems for V2G, transportation networks and V2G, energy management for V2G, smart charging/discharging stations for efficient V2G, environmental and socio-economic benefits and challenges of V2G systems, and building integrated V2G systems (BIV2G). Five manuscripts are published in this Special Issue, including “An Ensemble Stochastic Forecasting Framework for Variable Distributed Demand Loads” by Agyeman et al., “Where Will You Park? Predicting Vehicle Locations for Vehicle-to-Grid, An MPC Scheme with Enhanced Active Voltage Vector Region for V2G Inverter” by Shipman et al., “Electric Vehicles Energy Management with V2G/G2V Multifactor Optimization of Smart Grids” by Xia et al., and “A Review on Communication Standards and Charging Topologies of V2G and V2H Operation Strategies” by Savitti et al.

Energy Storage Applications in Power Systems with Renewable Energy Generation

Author : Mahmoud Ghofrani
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Storage Applications in Power Systems with Renewable Energy Generation by : Mahmoud Ghofrani

Download or read book Energy Storage Applications in Power Systems with Renewable Energy Generation written by Mahmoud Ghofrani and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we propose new operational and planning methodologies for power systems with renewable energy sources. A probabilistic optimal power flow (POPF) is developed to model wind power variations and evaluate the power system operation with intermittent renewable energy generation. The methodology is used to calculate the operating and ramping reserves that are required to compensate for power system uncertainties. Distributed wind generation is introduced as an operational scheme to take advantage of the spatial diversity of renewable energy resources and reduce wind power fluctuations using low or uncorrelated wind farms. The POPF is demonstrated using the IEEE 24-bus system where the proposed operational scheme reduces the operating and ramping reserve requirements and operation and congestion cost of the system as compared to operational practices available in the literature. A stochastic operational-planning framework is also proposed to adequately size, optimally place and schedule storage units within power systems with high wind penetrations. The method is used for different applications of energy storage systems for renewable energy integration. These applications include market-based opportunities such as renewable energy time-shift, renewable capacity firming, and transmission and distribution upgrade deferral in the form of revenue or reduced cost and storage-related societal benefits such as integration of more renewables, reduced emissions and improved utilization of grid assets. A power-pool model which incorporates the one-sided auction market into POPF is developed. The model considers storage units as market participants submitting hourly price bids in the form of marginal costs. This provides an accurate market-clearing process as compared to the 'price-taker' analysis available in the literature where the effects of large-scale storage units on the market-clearing prices are neglected. Different case studies are provided to demonstrate our operational-planning framework and economic justification for different storage applications. A new reliability model is proposed for security and adequacy assessment of power networks containing renewable resources and energy storage systems. The proposed model is used in combination with the operational-planning framework to enhance the reliability and operability of wind integration. The proposed framework optimally utilizes the storage capacity for reliability applications of wind integration. This is essential for justification of storage deployment within regulated utilities where the absence of market opportunities limits the economic advantage of storage technologies over gas-fired generators. A control strategy is also proposed to achieve the maximum reliability using energy storage systems. A cost-benefit analysis compares storage technologies and conventional alternatives to reliably and efficiently integrate different wind penetrations and determines the most economical design. Our simulation results demonstrate the necessity of optimal storage placement for different wind applications. This dissertation also proposes a new stochastic framework to optimally charge and discharge electric vehicles (EVs) to mitigate the effects of wind power uncertainties. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) service for hedging against wind power imbalances is introduced as a novel application for EVs. This application enhances the predictability of wind power and reduces the power imbalances between the scheduled output and actual power. An Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) wind speed model is developed to forecast the wind power output. Driving patterns of EVs are stochastically modeled and the EVs are clustered in the fleets of similar daily driving patterns. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) simulates the system behavior by generating samples of system states using the wind ARMA model and EVs driving patterns. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used in combination with MCS to optimally coordinate the EV fleets for their V2G services and minimize the penalty cost associated with wind power imbalances. The economic characteristics of automotive battery technologies and costs of V2G service are incorporated into a cost-benefit analysis which evaluates the economic justification of the proposed V2G application. Simulation results demonstrate that the developed algorithm enhances wind power utilization and reduces the penalty cost for wind power under-/over-production. This offers potential revenues for the wind producer. Our cost-benefit analysis also demonstrates that the proposed algorithm will provide the EV owners with economic incentives to participate in V2G services. The proposed smart scheduling strategy develops a sustainable integrated electricity and transportation infrastructure.

Distributed Energy Resources and Electric Vehicle

Author : Aijaz Ahmad
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1003830978
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Distributed Energy Resources and Electric Vehicle by : Aijaz Ahmad

Download or read book Distributed Energy Resources and Electric Vehicle written by Aijaz Ahmad and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-29 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the prospective developments in energy systems and transportation through an in-depth examination of Distributed Energy Resources and Electric Vehicle: Analysis and Optimisation of Network Operations . This innovative publication explores the realm of renewable energy, electric vehicles, and their in uence on network operations, offering valuable perspectives for readers from diverse disciplines. This extensive publication delves into the complex interplay between distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs), as well as their incorporation into established power grids. The subject matter encompasses a diverse array of topics, encompassing the attributes and advantages of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs), obstacles related to grid integration, efficient allocation of resources, and strategies pertaining to demand response. The book offers a comprehensive exploration of system analysis and optimisation techniques, emphasising the effective utilisation of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs) in energy networks. It aims to equip readers with a robust comprehension of strategies to optimise the performance and potential of DERs and EVs in this context. The book focuses on pioneering research and innovative solutions that are at the forefront of enhancing network operations. The authors demonstrate the novelty and applicability of their findings through the examination of real-world case studies and the utilisation of sophisticated mathematical models. This book serves as a highly valuable resource for individuals engaged in research, engineering, policy-making, and industry-related activities who are interested in effectively navigating the dynamic realm of energy systems and transportation. It equips them with the necessary knowledge and insights to make well-informed decisions that contribute to the attainment of a sustainable future.

Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals. The aspects of measuring costs, potential benefits and socio-technical barriers for sustainable improvement of the transport sector in Nordic countries

Download Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals. The aspects of measuring costs, potential benefits and socio-technical barriers for sustainable improvement of the transport sector in Nordic countries PDF Online Free

Author : Jobaire Alam
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668648069
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (686 download)

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Book Synopsis Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals. The aspects of measuring costs, potential benefits and socio-technical barriers for sustainable improvement of the transport sector in Nordic countries by : Jobaire Alam

Download or read book Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals. The aspects of measuring costs, potential benefits and socio-technical barriers for sustainable improvement of the transport sector in Nordic countries written by Jobaire Alam and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Study from the year 2016 in the subject Energy Sciences, grade: A, Aalborg University, language: English, abstract: Electric power vehicles are exceptionally complementary as systems for managing energy and power. Nordic countries have been considered as one of the frontrunners for electrification in their transport sector. So, this study is to investigate the current concerns of costs, potential benefits and socio-technical challenges of vehicle-to-grid transition for sustainable improvement in Scandinavian transport sector. Literature review section presents a clear understanding of previous researches around this topic. However, very few researches have been conducted in Scandinavia around this issue. This study intends to adopt qualitative method with a multi criteria analysis. According to the expected result of this study, Electric Vehicles and V2G contribute to the national energy systems, which allow integration of much higher levels of wind electricity and also greatly reduces national CO2 emissions. Various previous studies show that transition to vehicle-to-grid technology has much to offer to society. Researchers further added that reducing petroleum use would help insulate oil importing economies from petroleum price spikes and shocks to the global market. It would also greatly improve the quality of the environment, displacing noxious emissions and the health, ecological, and climate-changed damages. Five Nordic countries are considered as pioneers in the world for renewable energy system. Various studies about Scandinavian transportation and energy system presented that V2G technology offers the motorists potential cost savings from their use of electricity as a fuel instead of gasoline. It is farther explained that, technological alternatives and energy planes play a significant role in Scandinavia. It is widely accepted that Nordic countries have been become frontrunner for electrification in their transport sectors, with the growth in travel demand including climate change and oil demand at a global scale. Therefore, it is a major concern to assess the cost & potential benefits of socio-technical perspective of V2G technology in these countries.

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2019

Author : Aboul Ella Hassanien
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030311295
Total Pages : 1093 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2019 by : Aboul Ella Hassanien

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2019 written by Aboul Ella Hassanien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-02 with total page 1093 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2019 (AISI2019), which took place in Cairo, Egypt, from October 26 to 28, 2019. This international and interdisciplinary conference, which highlighted essential research and developments in the fields of informatics and intelligent systems, was organized by the Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE). The book is divided into several sections, covering the following topics: machine learning and applications, swarm optimization and applications, robotic and control systems, sentiment analysis, e-learning and social media education, machine and deep learning algorithms, recognition and image processing, intelligent systems and applications, mobile computing and networking, cyber-physical systems and security, smart grids and renewable energy, and micro-grid and power systems.

Vehicle-to-Grid

Author : Lance Noel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030048640
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Vehicle-to-Grid by : Lance Noel

Download or read book Vehicle-to-Grid written by Lance Noel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book defines and charts the barriers and future of vehicle-to-grid technology: a technology that could dramatically reduce emissions, create revenue, and accelerate the adoption of battery electric cars. This technology connects the electric power grid and the transportation system in ways that will enable electric vehicles to store renewable energy and offer valuable services to the electricity grid and its markets. To understand the complex features of this emergent technology, the authors explore the current status and prospect of vehicle-to-grid, and detail the sociotechnical barriers that may impede its fruitful deployment. The book concludes with a policy roadmap to advise decision-makers on how to optimally implement vehicle-to-grid and capture its benefits to society while attempting to avoid the impediments discussed earlier in the book.

A Comprehensive Assessment of Vehicle-to-grid Systems and Their Impact to the Sustainability of Current Energy and Water Nexus

Author : Yang Zhao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Assessment of Vehicle-to-grid Systems and Their Impact to the Sustainability of Current Energy and Water Nexus by : Yang Zhao

Download or read book A Comprehensive Assessment of Vehicle-to-grid Systems and Their Impact to the Sustainability of Current Energy and Water Nexus written by Yang Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation aims to explore the feasibility of incorporating electric vehicles into the electric power grid and develop a comprehensive assessment framework to predict and evaluate the life cycle environmental, economic and social impact of the integration of Vehicle-to-Grid systems and the transportation-water-energy nexus. Based on the fact that electric vehicles of different classes have been widely adopted by both fleet operators and individual car owners, the following questions are investigated: 1. Will the life cycle environmental impacts due to vehicle operation be reduced? 2. Will the implementation of Vehicle-to-Grid systems bring environmental and economic benefits? 3. Will there be any form of air emission impact if large amounts of electric vehicles are adopted in a short time? 4. What is the role of the Vehicle-to-Grid system in the transportation-water-energy nexus? To answer these questions: First, the life cycle environmental impacts of medium-duty trucks in commercial delivery fleets are analyzed. Second, the operation mechanism of Vehicle-to-Grid technologies in association with charging and discharging of electric vehicles is researched. Third, the feasible Vehicle-to-Grid system is further studied taking into consideration the spatial and temporal variance as well as other uncertainties within the system. Then, a comparison of greenhouse gas emission mitigation of the Vehicle-to-Grid system and the additional emissions caused by electric vehicle charging through marginal electricity is analyzed. Finally, the impact of the Vehicle-to-Grid system in the transportation-water-energy nexus, and the underlying environmental, economic and social relationships are simulated through system dynamic modeling. The results provide holistic evaluations and spatial and temporal projections of electric vehicles, Vehicle-to-Grid systems, wind power integration, and the transportation-water-energy nexus.

Environmental and Economic Costs, Benefits and Uncertainties of Vehicle Electrification

Author : Hanjiro Ambrose
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781392727843
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental and Economic Costs, Benefits and Uncertainties of Vehicle Electrification by : Hanjiro Ambrose

Download or read book Environmental and Economic Costs, Benefits and Uncertainties of Vehicle Electrification written by Hanjiro Ambrose and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have been proposed as a pathway for reducing the environmental impacts of transportation systems. While BEVs are often referred to as zero-emission vehicles, production and operation consume resources and emit pollutants through the vehicle supply chain and generation of electricity for vehicle charging. Life cycle assessment is a standardized methodology for assessing the environmental impacts of product systems from a system-wide perspective; considering the total supply chain and the product life cycle from cradle-to-grave. However, conventional LCAs are often limited; based off static supply chain analysis, omitting system interactions or indirect effects, and insufficiently reflecting the underlying variability and uncertainty to support robust public policy decisions. The objective of this dissertation is to develop and refine methods of assessing the life cycle environmental impacts and economic costs of electric vehicle technologies and policies. The chapters of this dissertation make contributions in advancing spatial and temporal dynamics in LCA modelling, integrating vehicle operations with evolutions in technology, background systems, and product development, and offers novel estimates of the costs and emissions abatement potential of light and heavy duty electric vehicles. As shown herein, a systems perspective is required to estimate the environmental benefits and costs of vehicle electrification strategies. Efforts to achieve pollution abatement through technology change must address risks of leakage, substitution, and unintended environmental consequences.

Operation, Planning, and Analysis of Energy Storage Systems in Smart Energy Hubs

Author : Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319750976
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Operation, Planning, and Analysis of Energy Storage Systems in Smart Energy Hubs by : Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo

Download or read book Operation, Planning, and Analysis of Energy Storage Systems in Smart Energy Hubs written by Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the design and scheduling of residential, industrial, and commercial energy hubs, and their integration into energy storage technologies and renewable energy sources. Each chapter provides theoretical background and application examples for specific power systems including, solar, wind, geothermal, air and hydro. Case-studies are included to provide engineers, researchers, and students with the most modern technical and intelligent approaches to solving power and energy integration problems with special attention given to the environmental and economic aspects of energy storage systems.

Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment

Author : Mohammad Saad Alam
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000393003
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment by : Mohammad Saad Alam

Download or read book Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment written by Mohammad Saad Alam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment The growing demand for energy in today’s world, especially in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, has been met with massive exploitation of fossil fuels, resulting in an increase in environmental pollutants. In order to mitigate the issues arising from conventional internal combustion engine-powered vehicles, there has been a considerable acceleration in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Research has shown that the impact of fossil fuel use in transportation and surging demand in power owing to the growing EV charging infrastructure can potentially be minimalized by smart microgrids. As EVs find wider acceptance with major advancements in high efficiency drivetrain and vehicle design, it has become clear that there is a need for a system-level understanding of energy storage and management in a microgrid environment. Practical issues, such as fleet management, coordinated operation, repurposing of batteries, and environmental impact of recycling and disposal, need to be carefully studied in the context of an ageing grid infrastructure. This book explores such a perspective with contributions from leading experts on planning, analysis, optimization, and management of electrified transportation and the transportation infrastructure. The primary purpose of this book is to capture state-of-the-art development in smart microgrid management with EV integration and their applications. It also aims to identify potential research directions and technologies that will facilitate insight generation in various domains, from smart homes to smart cities, and within industry, business, and consumer applications. We expect the book to serve as a reference for a larger audience, including power system architects, practitioners, developers, new researchers, and graduate-level students, especially for emerging clean energy and transportation electrification sectors in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies

Author : Sekyung Han
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783039434459
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies by : Sekyung Han

Download or read book Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies written by Sekyung Han and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue “Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies” was in session from 1 May 2019 to 31 May 2020. For this Special issue, we invited articles on current state-of-the-art technologies and solutions in G2V and V2G, including but not limited to the operation and control of gridable vehicles, energy storage and management systems, charging infrastructure and chargers, EV demand and load forecasting, V2G interfaces and applications, V2G and energy reliability and security, environmental impacts, and economic benefits as well as demonstration projects and case studies in the aforementioned areas. Articles that deal with the latest hot topics in V2G are of particular interest, such as V2G and demand-side response control technique, smart charging infrastructure and grid planning, advanced power electronics for V2G systems, adaptation of V2G systems in the smart grid, adaptation of smart cities for a large number of EVs, integration, and the optimization of V2G systems, utilities and transportation assets for advanced V2G systems, wireless power transfer systems for advanced V2G systems, fault detection, maintenance and diagnostics in V2G processes, communications protocols for V2G systems, energy management system (EMS) in V2G systems, IoT for V2G systems, distributed energy and storage systems for V2G, transportation networks and V2G, energy management for V2G, smart charging/discharging stations for efficient V2G, environmental and socio-economic benefits and challenges of V2G systems, and building integrated V2G systems (BIV2G). Five manuscripts are published in this Special Issue, including “An Ensemble Stochastic Forecasting Framework for Variable Distributed Demand Loads” by Agyeman et al., “Where Will You Park? Predicting Vehicle Locations for Vehicle-to-Grid, An MPC Scheme with Enhanced Active Voltage Vector Region for V2G Inverter” by Shipman et al., “Electric Vehicles Energy Management with V2G/G2V Multifactor Optimization of Smart Grids” by Xia et al., and “A Review on Communication Standards and Charging Topologies of V2G and V2H Operation Strategies” by Savitti et al.

Building a Business Case for Corporate Fleets to Adopt Vehicle-to-grid Technology (V2G) and Participate in the Regulation Service Market

Download Building a Business Case for Corporate Fleets to Adopt Vehicle-to-grid Technology (V2G) and Participate in the Regulation Service Market PDF Online Free

Author : Andrés De los Ríos Vergara
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (772 download)

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Book Synopsis Building a Business Case for Corporate Fleets to Adopt Vehicle-to-grid Technology (V2G) and Participate in the Regulation Service Market by : Andrés De los Ríos Vergara

Download or read book Building a Business Case for Corporate Fleets to Adopt Vehicle-to-grid Technology (V2G) and Participate in the Regulation Service Market written by Andrés De los Ríos Vergara and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric (EV) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric vehicles (PHEV) continue to gain attention and market share, not only as options for consumers but also for corporate fleets. EVs and PHEVs can contribute to lower operating costs through reduced maintenance requirements and enhanced fuel economy. In addition, a fleet of EVs or PHEVs, when parked and aggregated in a sizeable number, can provide regulation services to the grid through the electricity stored in the vehicle's batteries. This opportunity is known as Vehicle-to-grid technology (V2G). This thesis evaluates the economics for V2G-enabled fleets to participate in the regulation services market. In order to build a business case for fleet managers, we constructed a 10-year cash flow model that compares the operating, infrastructure, and capital costs, as well as the revenue opportunities for EVs, PHEVs, and ICEs. To quantify potential revenues, we adapted a tool that the ISO New England has used to simulate the revenues of participants in the regulation market for an alternative energy pilot. We show that ICEs, while having the lowest retail value, actually have the greatest NPV due to their high operating costs and inability to participate in the regulation services market. EVs have the highest retail value, but due to their large battery size are able to provide the most regulation services. The opportunity for V2G is critical for the attractiveness of the EV. PHEVs offer lower V2G revenue opportunity than the EVs but have greater operational flexibility. We determined that V2G revenue potential is driven by the charger capacity and battery size and there are tradeoffs associated with these components. A larger battery and charger will generate more money from regulation services, but their high investment cost may outweigh these benefits. The correct combination of charger capacity, battery size, and state of charge (SOC) is important. If the charger capacity is too large and SOC too high or low, a small battery can be charged or depleted too quickly, hindering its ability to provide regulation services.

Collaborative Vehicle-to-grid Operations in Frequency Regulation Markets

Author : Ho-Yin Mak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Collaborative Vehicle-to-grid Operations in Frequency Regulation Markets by : Ho-Yin Mak

Download or read book Collaborative Vehicle-to-grid Operations in Frequency Regulation Markets written by Ho-Yin Mak and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the operations of electric vehicles (EVs) providing frequency regulation services to the electric grid in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) systems. In particular, these individually-owned EVs collaboratively bid in the regulation market, coordinated by a platform that operates the network of charging equipment enabling V2G. We study how the platform determines optimal pricing incentives for drivers to plug in their EVs, taking into account their heterogeneous driving schedules. As EV adoption progresses past the nascent stage, V2G business models become more viable. V2G participation in frequency regulation provides a valuable resource to stabilize the electric grid against fluctuations between demand and supply, and complements the continued growth of clean but intermittent renewable (e.g., solar and wind) power. On the other hand, successful implementation of V2G provides another economic incentive for switching to EVs and potentially helps sustain adoption growth, especially as government subsidies phase out. Such operations are difficult to plan for, as it is important to model both the transportation (i.e., travel schedule) and energy (operations of regulation market) features of EV fleets. We model the platform's pricing optimization problem as a bilevel program: At the upper level, the platform determines hourly rebates for EVs to plug in their EVs, and capacity bids in the regulation market; At the lower level, individual travelers optimize their travel and charging schedules in response to pricing incentives. To account for uncertainties and heterogeneity in regulation market prices and travel patterns, we adopt distributionally-robust optimization techniques to formulate the problem as a mixed-integer second-order cone program, which can be efficiently solved with commercial solvers. We further derive a class of valid inequalities for the problem based on the theory of complements and substitutes of convex cost network flow problems. We conduct a computational study based on the California Household Travel Survey dataset and actual frequency regulation prices. Our results show that the ability to offer time-varying rebates and install workplace chargers can significantly improve the V2G platform's expected profits. We also find stark differences between the optimal rebate schedules under a profit-maximizing platform and the alternative model where the platform is collectively owned by the drivers. Our findings shed lights on business model design of V2G systems.

Electric Vehicle Charging and the California Power Sector

Author : Julia Meagher Sohnen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781303540691
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Electric Vehicle Charging and the California Power Sector by : Julia Meagher Sohnen

Download or read book Electric Vehicle Charging and the California Power Sector written by Julia Meagher Sohnen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores the implications of the increased adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in California through its effect on the operation of the state's electric grid. The well-to-wheels emissions associated with driving an electric vehicle depend on the resource mix of the electricity grid used to charge the battery. We present a new least-cost dispatch model, EDGE-NET, for the California electricity grid consisting of interconnected sub-regions that encompass the six largest state utilities that can be used to evaluate the impact of growing electric vehicle demand on existing power grid infrastructure system and energy resources. This model considers spatiality and temporal dynamics of energy demand and supply when determining the regional impacts of additional charging profiles on the current electricity network. Model simulation runs for one year show generation and transmission congestion to be reasonable similar to historical data. Model simulation results show that average emissions and system costs associated with electricity generation vary significantly by time of day, season, and location. Marginal cost and emissions also exhibit seasonal and diurnal differences, but show less spatial variation. Sensitivity of demand analysis shows that the relative changes to average emissions and system costs respond asymmetrically to increases and decreases in electricity demand. These results depend on grid mix at the time and the marginal power plant type.In minimizing total system cost, the model will choose to dispatch the lowest-cost resource to meet additional vehicle demand, regardless of location, as long as transmission capacity is available. Location of electric vehicle charging has a small effect on the marginal greenhouse gas emissions associated with additional generation, due to electricity losses in the transmission grid. We use a geographically explicit, charging assessment model for California to develop and compare the effects of two charging profiles. Comparison of these two basic scenarios points to savings in greenhouse gas emissions savings and operational costs from delayed charging of electric vehicles. Vehicle charging simulations confirm that plug-in electric vehicles alone are unlikely to require additional generation or transmission infrastructure. EDGE-NET was successfully benchmarked against historical data for the present grid but additional work is required to expand the model for future scenario evaluation. We discuss how the model might be adapted for high penetrations of variable renewable energy resources, and the use of grid storage. Renewable resources such as wind and solar vary in California vary significantly by time-of-day, season, and location. However, combination of multiple resources from different geographic regions through transmission grid interconnection is expected to help mitigate the impacts of variability. EDGE-NET can evaluate interaction of supply and demand through the existing transmission infrastructure and can identify any critical network bottlenecks or areas for expansion. For this reason, EDGE-NET will be an important tool to evaluate energy policy scenarios.

Smart Cities: A Data Analytics Perspective

Author : Mohammad Ayoub Khan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030609227
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Cities: A Data Analytics Perspective by : Mohammad Ayoub Khan

Download or read book Smart Cities: A Data Analytics Perspective written by Mohammad Ayoub Khan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers practical as well as conceptual knowledge of the latest trends, tools, techniques and methodologies of data analytics in smart cities. The smart city is an advanced technological area that is capable of understanding the environment by examining the data to improve the livability. The smart cities allow different kinds of wireless sensors to gather massive amounts, full speed and a broad range of city data. The smart city has a focus on data analytics facilitated through the IoT platforms. There is a need to customize the IoT architecture and infrastructures to address needs in application of specific domains of smart cities such as transportation, traffic, health and, environment. The smart cities will provide next generation development technologies for urbanization that includes the need of environmental sustainability, personalization, mobility, optimum energy utilization, better administrative services and higher quality of life. Each chapter presents the reader with an in-depth investigation regarding the possibility of data analytics perspective in smart cities. The book presents cutting-edge and future perspectives of smart cities, where industry experts, scientists, and scholars exchange ideas and experience about surrounding frontier technologies, breakthrough and innovative solutions and applications.