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Author : Marshall Gysi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book An Analysis of the Long-run Effects of Water Pricing Policies written by Marshall Gysi and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marshall Gysi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Long Run Effects of Water Pricing Policies written by Marshall Gysi and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marshall Gysi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (639 download)
Download or read book The Long Run Effects of Water Pricing Policies. Daniel P. Loucks, Principal Investigator written by Marshall Gysi and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Thomas Harold Stevens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Price on the Demand for Water in Massachusetts written by Thomas Harold Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nadira Barkatullah
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1581120478
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (811 download)
Download or read book Pricing, Demand Analysis and Simulation written by Nadira Barkatullah and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 1999-03 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent changes in the New South Wales water utilities show a trend towards usage-related pricing, with the aim of providing efficient signals for consumption. This thesis evaluates alternative pricing strategies for water against the criteria of efficiency and equity while maintaining the financial viability of the public utility. First, the water utility cost structure is examined by developing cost functions to estimate short and long-run marginal costs, using a quarterly time-series data from 1970/71 to 1995/96. Second, a residential water demand model is developed using a panel data set (constructed for the analysis), comprising 822 cross-sectional units and 23 quarterly time periods from 1990/91 to 1995/96. The purposes of developing the demand model are to test the sensitivity of water demand to changes in the tariff structure and to use it to simulate the impact of alternative pricing strategies. Third, the simulation model is developed to analyse various pricing reforms using both the cost and demand model results, where the individual welfare and aggregate efficiency gains are determined under each pricing policy. In addition to this, the distributional effects of various tariff structures are examined. The empirical results of the cost structure estimates are comparable with previous studies. The demand estimation indicates that consumers respond to price, therefore price can be considered as a tool in the implementation of demand management strategies. However, the magnitude of the price elasticity suggests that substantial increases in price would be required to influence demand. Finally, the simulation results show that in the case of movement from the actual tariff structure to a two-part tariff policy (where the usage charge is equal to the short-run marginal cost), leads to highest efficiency gains.
Author : P. Pashardes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940159984X
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Current Issues in the Economics of Water Resource Management written by P. Pashardes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The marginal price elasticities estimated by Martinez-Espineira conforms to expectation. The price specification that accounts for the changing proportion of water users in each block yields a higher elasticity (-0. 47) compared to the spec ification ignoring this feature of the data. However, this difference is not found to be statistically significant, a result attributed to the low power of the test (small sample size limiting the accuracy of estimates). In conclusion, the paper provides a theoretically correct price specification for demand functions under block pricing and aggregate data. The empirical findings in the paper, however, are not conclusive and further empirical work using more data and alternative (nonlinear) demand functions, is needed to show the practical implications of the arguments put forward by the Martinez-Espineira's paper. Static empirical consumer demand functions estimated with aggregate data are well known to suffer form serial correlation and other statistical problems asso ciated with misspecified dynamics. These dynamics arise because consumers do not react immediately to a change in prices due to their largely predetermined lifestyle. In the case of demand for water, for example, current purchases can be largely predetermined due to commitments arising from past purchases such as swimming pools, bathtubs, dishwashing machines, etc. Muellbauer and Pashardes (1992) show that the autoregressive nature of consumer demand data can be cap tured in a theoretically consistent manner by incorporating intertemporal aspects of consumer behaviour in the model through habit formation and durability.
Author : David Altmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)
Download or read book Marginal Cost Water Pricing written by David Altmann and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies in water management policy point to insufficient recognition of water as a scarce commodity and the failure of pricing policies to account for the full economic costs of its production and supply ... This thesis is an examination of theoretical and applied aspects of urban water pricing based on analysis of cost, demand, and welfare. We present theoretical models of cost that include economies of scale as a parameter, and a model of water demand by households with heterogeneous preferences. We determine marginal cost at the efficient level of output based on a partial equilibrium of supply and demand. We also show that when water is produced with increasing returns to scale, the efficient price will be insufficient to recover all costs, and therefore a form of second best pricing is required. We contrast conventional notions about water suppliers being cost minimisers with an alternative frontier model of cost efficiency. Two case studies examine the provision of water services under different forms of ownership. The first case study examines the provision of water to domestic households in the state of Victoria, Australia. The second case study examines the supply of water to the residents of Manila, one of the world's largest cities that privatised its water service in 1997 under a form of concession agreement. A third case study derives an efficient cost frontier for a sample of water utilities from Asia and Australia and proposes a form of best practice pricing. The thesis concludes with a summary of the main results and policy conclusions, and ideas for future research.
Author : Yiğit Sağlam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (673 download)
Download or read book Water Scarcity and Optimal Pricing of Water written by Yiğit Sağlam and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first chapter, I consider the institutional structures as well as the doctrines typically encountered in the surface water sector. To investigate the sources and methods of government support in the water sector, I categorize different sorts of government support according to the location of water along the water cycle. I conclude the section with examples of observed water markets. In the second chapter, I consider the problem of water usage, developing a model to analyze the optimal pricing of water within a second-best economy. As a water supplier, the local government may price discriminate across consumers and farmers. I introduce the second-best pricing scheme, derive conditions for the marginal-cost pricing and inverse-elasticity rules, and analyze when the government optimally deviates from these two pricing schemes. In the third chapter, I provide an analysis of the data I collected from Turkey. First, I examine the data on reservoir flows, including service share and fixed costs of the reservoirs. Then, I provide details about the relationship between the quantity and price of irrigation and of tap water. Finally, in the fourth chapter, I apply the theoretical framework to the data from Turkey. In Turkey, the current water-pricing policy is dictated by the sole objective of breaking-even in each period. This results in large withdrawals, which is not sustainable in the long-run, hence not optimal. I analyze the dynamic optimal water resource management problem of a benevolent government. I compare the implications of the current and the optimal pricing policies.
Author : Water Resources Scientific Information Center
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Selected Annotated Bibliography on the Analysis of Water Resource Systems written by Water Resources Scientific Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Selected Annotated Bibliography on the Analysis of Water Resource Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ronald C. Griffin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Water Resource Economics written by Ronald C. Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive introduction to the economics of water management, for engineers and natural scientists as well as economists, with self-contained treatment of all necessary economic concepts.
Author : François Molle
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845932927
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)
Download or read book Irrigation Water Pricing written by François Molle and published by CABI. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much hope has been vested in pricing as a means of helping to regulate and rationalize water management, notably in the irrigation sector. The pricing of water has often been applied universally, using general and ideological policies, and not considering regional environmental and economic differences. Almost 15 years after the emphasis laid at the Dublin and Rio conferences on treating water as an economic good, a comprehensive review of how such policies have helped manage water resources an irrigation use is necessary. The case-studies presented here offer a reassessment of current policies by evaluating their objectives and constraints and often demonstrating their failure by not considering the regional context. They will therefore contribute to avoiding costly and misplaced reforms and help design water policies that are based on a deeper understanding of the factors which eventually dictate their effectiveness.
Author : Ariel Dinar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319164651
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Water Pricing Experiences and Innovations written by Ariel Dinar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water pricing to achieve conservation in scarce water resources is a major policy challenge. This book provides credible evidence from water pricing experiences in various countries around the world. The book chapters, written by experts in water pricing from various countries, documents the past 10 to 15 years of water pricing experiences in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, France, India, Israel, Italy, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, South Africa and Spain. The book includes also several chapters that review innovations in water pricing in various countries, such as new reform mechanisms, achieving social objectives via water pricing, achieving revenue recovery, water use efficiency and customer equity, and charging the poor.
Author : Ziv Bar-Shira
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Block-Rate Versus Uniform Water Pricing in Agriculture written by Ziv Bar-Shira and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this article we adapt Burtless and Hausman's (1978) methodology in order to estimate farmers' demand for irrigation water under increasing block-rate tariffs and empirically assess its effect on aggregate demand and inter-farm allocation efficiency. This methodology overcomes the technical challenges raised by increasing block-rate pricing and accounts for both observed and unobserved technological heterogeneity among farmers. Employing micro panel data documenting irrigation levels and prices in 185 Israeli agricultural communities in the period 1992-1997, we estimate water demand elasticity at -0.3 in the short run (the effect of a price change on demand within a year of implementation) and -0.46 in the long run. We also find that, in accordance with common belief, switching from a single to a block-price regime, yields a 7% reduction in average water use while maintaining the same average price. However, based on our simulations we estimate that the switch to block prices will result in a loss of approximately 1% of agricultural output due to inter-farm allocation inefficiencies.
Author : Daniel P. Loucks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book A Selected Annotated Bibliography on the Analysis of Water Resource Systems written by Daniel P. Loucks and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : U.S. National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030906421X
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Water for the Future written by U.S. National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-09 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of a joint research effort led by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and involving the Royal Scientific Society of Jordan, the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, and the Palestine Health Council. It discusses opportunities for enhancement of water supplies and avoidance of overexploitation of water resources in the Middle East. Based on the concept that ecosystem goods and services are essential to maintaining water quality and quantity, the book emphasizes conservation, improved use of current technologies, and water management approaches that are compatible with environmental quality.
Author : Ariel Dinar
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780195215946
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (159 download)
Download or read book The Political Economy of Water Pricing Reforms written by Ariel Dinar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lately our world has witnessed massive changes and reforms in various sectors in many countries, developing and developed alike. Institutional and pricing reforms in the water sector are also part of that recent trend. They are led by the recognition of a need to respond to increased scarcity and deteriorated quality. Is the water sector different than other sectors, as some claim? Should reforms in the water sector be designed and implemented differently than reforms of a similar type, in other sectors? The Political Economy of Water Pricing Reforms answers these questions by providing various analytical frameworks that allow comparison across various conditions, and by actually comparing reform processes under various conditions in different countries. This book demonstrates the common threads that characterize pricing reforms in the water sector by analyzing various aspects of the reforms in the irrigation and urban subsectors of 10 countries. Cases from Morocco, Senegal, Honduras, Belgium, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Pakistan, Yemen, and the United States illustrate the difficulties of designing and implementing "optimal" pricing reforms and explain how reform outcomes fall short of the original objective. "This book should be on the must reading list for anyone interested in water pricing and how to reform water rights systems to achieve increased economic efficiency as well as a legitimate and equitable system of property rights." Elinor Ostrom, Co-Director, Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis and Co-Director, Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change, Indiana University
