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An Adverse Selection Model Of Optimal Unemployment Assurance
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Book Synopsis An Adverse Selection Model of Optimal Unemployment Insurance by : Marcus Hagedorn
Download or read book An Adverse Selection Model of Optimal Unemployment Insurance written by Marcus Hagedorn and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unemployment and Insurance by : Sherwin Rosen
Download or read book Unemployment and Insurance written by Sherwin Rosen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper elaborates equilibrium properties of contract labor markets when cost barriers limit labor mobility in response to demand and productivity shifts. Unemployment is sustained because the marginal value of labor is not equated across all firms; however the equilibrium contract optimally allocates a worker's time between market and nonmarket uses, given transactions cost-mobility constraints. Contracts provide full unemployment insurance for risks that are diversifiable by pooling among firms. Nondiversifiable (macro) risks are only partially shifted,largely through self-insurance (contingency saving). Increasing diversifiable risk has social value, similar to the value of an option. Increasing nondiversifiable risk has negative value because it reduces lifetime consumption. The main empirical implication of contract theory is shown to be closely related to the permanent income hypothesis and establishes linkages between labor activities and consumption behavior. It is atheory of consumption rigidity rather than wage rigidity. Another empirical implication is that unemployment incidence is proportional to comparative advantage in normarket production. Layoffs are ordered by workers' relative productivity in nonmarket compared with market sectors. The theory is used to analyze some features of the U.S. employment system. Its empirical support is briefly reviewed.
Book Synopsis An Adverse Selection Model of Optimal Unemployment Assurance by : Marcus Hagedorn
Download or read book An Adverse Selection Model of Optimal Unemployment Assurance written by Marcus Hagedorn and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optimal Unemployment Insurance by : Andreas Pollak
Download or read book Optimal Unemployment Insurance written by Andreas Pollak and published by Mohr Siebeck. This book was released on 2007 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing a good unemployment insurance scheme is a delicate matter. In a system with no or little insurance, households may be subject to a high income risk, whereas excessively generous unemployment insurance systems are known to lead to high unemployment rates and are costly both from a fiscal perspective and for society as a whole. Andreas Pollak investigates what an optimal unemployment insurance system would look like, i.e. a system that constitutes the best possible compromise between income security and incentives to work. Using theoretical economic models and complex numerical simulations, he studies the effects of benefit levels and payment durations on unemployment and welfare. As the models allow for considerable heterogeneity of households, including a history-dependent labor productivity, it is possible to analyze how certain policies affect individuals in a specific age, wealth or skill group. The most important aspect of an unemployment insurance system turns out to be the benefits paid to the long-term unemployed. If this parameter is chosen too high, a large number of households may get caught in a long spell of unemployment with little chance of finding work again. Based on the predictions in these models, the so-called "Hartz IV" labor market reform recently adopted in Germany should have highly favorable effects on the unemployment rates and welfare in the long run.
Book Synopsis Optimal Unemployment Insurance and On-the-job Behaviours by : Laura Khoury
Download or read book Optimal Unemployment Insurance and On-the-job Behaviours written by Laura Khoury and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social insurances are an important component of welfare states in developed countries.They have been set up to meet the twofold objective of improving efficiency, in acontext where information is not available to all parties, and enhancing equity bysharing the cost of insurance across risk types. If this general principle achievesconsensus, the question of the optimal level of insurance that should be providedis at the centre of the policy and scientific debate. This dissertation addresses theissue of the optimal design of unemployment insurance (UI), taking into account howUI parameters can affect the behaviour of firms and workers either before, duringor after unemployment. It contributes to the literature in three ways: (i) it drawsthe attention on the interaction between UI design and on-the-job behaviours wherethe focus has mainly been on the response of job-seekers to UI parameters duringunemployment; (ii) using rich administrative data, it empirically reveals the existenceand potential costs of such behavioural responses; (iii) it tests the empirical validityof theoretical arguments usually put forward as a motivation for public interventionin the UI market, namely adverse selection and individual optimisation failures.Chapter 1 assesses the effect of a UI program letting some job-seekers choosebetween low benefits for a long duration or higher benefits for a shorter duration. Iuse this uncommon choice feature in nationally-mandated UI schemes to understandthe determinants of the choice and its consequences. Using a rich set of covariates, Idocument the existence of adverse selection, and relate the choice of the high-benefitoption to observable characteristics generally associated to a lower risk-aversion or ahigher impatience. My results also reveal a high moral hazard cost, as job-seekersopting for higher benefits are predicted to stay unemployed longer. This negativeimpact that is even higher for job-seekers with a high initial unemployment risk.Chapter 2 shows that a discontinuous increase in the level of UI benefits at atenure threshold leads to the strategic scheduling of layoffs in order to maximise thesurplus from separation. I use the bunching methodology to quantify the extensionof the employment spell in response to the increase in UI benefits. Results suggestthat this extension is the result of an individual bargaining process between theworker and the employer. I argue that workers trade higher UI benefits against areduction in the cost or the risk associated to the layoff, through a lower probabilityto claim damages, lower severance payment or a lower reputational cost. Chapter 3 analyses the effect of the UI eligibility criteria imposing a minimumemployment record to claim benefits on pre and post-unemployment outcomes. Ithighlights a separation response through a jump in employment outflows at theeligibility threshold. Exploiting a reform that reduced the minimum employmentrecord, we show that, in some sectors, this separation response translates into ahigher number of contracts whose duration exactly coincides with the new workhistory condition. This suggests that, in some sectors, the change in the UI eligibilitycriteria contributed to shape a new norm regarding the duration of short contracts.It would imply that UI parameters do not only affect the outcomes of job-seekersbefore, during and after unemployment, but also the outcomes of workers who donot experience unemployment. The last part of the chapter evaluates the extensivemargin effect of UI benefits. Receiving UI benefits as opposed to not receiving anybenefit at all has a negative impact on future employment probability, that does notseem to be compensated by an improvement in terms of job quality.
Book Synopsis Modelling Unemployment Insurance by : Paola Potestio
Download or read book Modelling Unemployment Insurance written by Paola Potestio and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-28 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines unemployment insurance policy through a survey, taking stock of the theoretical work in the field of labor economics. It closely follows and assesses developments in the modelling of optimal unemployment insurance (UI) policies, beginning with the initial analytical findings produced in the second half of the 1970s. A main part of the survey is devoted to the two basic strands of analysis about, respectively, the optimal level of UI benefits and the optimal time profile of UI policy. The book has two different objectives. The first is to provide an essential summary of the individual models, with the intention of underscoring how a number of specific messages for the policy-maker can be derived from analytical constructions. It further emphasizes and comments on what the models deliver to UI policy-makers. The second objective is to stress the importance and extension of open questions in the field of the theoretical approach to the unemployment insurance issue. The survey discusses the multiplicity of heterogeneities of the labor world in particular as relevant for UI issues on the one side, and on the other hand, the independence of the two basic choices of UI policy, its meaning and its limits, and the possible forms of complementarity between these choices. The book is a must-read for researchers, students, and policy-makers interested in a better understanding of the field of labor economics in general, as well as unemployment insurance policies in particular.
Book Synopsis Studies on Optimal Unemployment Insurance by : Tim Mennel
Download or read book Studies on Optimal Unemployment Insurance written by Tim Mennel and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optimal Unemployment Insurance Over the Business Cycle by : Camille Landais
Download or read book Optimal Unemployment Insurance Over the Business Cycle written by Camille Landais and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper analyzes optimal unemployment insurance over the business cycle in a search model in which unemployment stems from matching frictions (in booms) and job rationing (in recessions). Job rationing during recessions introduces two novel effects ignored in previous studies of optimal unemployment insurance. First, job-search efforts have little effect on aggregate unemployment because the number of jobs available is limited, independently of matching frictions. Second, while job-search efforts increase the individual probability of finding a job, they create a negative externality by reducing other jobseekers' probability of finding one of the few available jobs. Both effects are captured by the positive and countercyclical wedge between micro-elasticity and macro-elasticity of unemployment with respect to net rewards from work. We derive a simple optimal unemployment insurance formula expressed in terms of those two elasticities and risk aversion. The formula coincides with the classical Baily-Chetty formula only when unemployment is low, and macro- and micro-elasticity are (almost) equal. The formula implies that the generosity of unemployment insurance should be countercyclical. We illustrate this result by simulating the optimal unemployment insurance over the business cycle in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model calibrated with US data
Book Synopsis Unemployment Insurance and Involuntary Unemployment : the Case of Adverse Selection by : Stephen R. G. Jones
Download or read book Unemployment Insurance and Involuntary Unemployment : the Case of Adverse Selection written by Stephen R. G. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adverse Selection in the Labor Market by : Bruce C. Greenwald
Download or read book Adverse Selection in the Labor Market written by Bruce C. Greenwald and published by Dissertations-G. This book was released on 1979 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Moral Hazard in Health Insurance by : Amy Finkelstein
Download or read book Moral Hazard in Health Insurance written by Amy Finkelstein and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the challenge of covering heath care expenses—while minimizing economic risks. Moral hazard—the tendency to change behavior when the cost of that behavior will be borne by others—is a particularly tricky question when considering health care. Kenneth J. Arrow’s seminal 1963 paper on this topic (included in this volume) was one of the first to explore the implication of moral hazard for health care, and Amy Finkelstein—recognized as one of the world’s foremost experts on the topic—here examines this issue in the context of contemporary American health care policy. Drawing on research from both the original RAND Health Insurance Experiment and her own research, including a 2008 Health Insurance Experiment in Oregon, Finkelstein presents compelling evidence that health insurance does indeed affect medical spending and encourages policy solutions that acknowledge and account for this. The volume also features commentaries and insights from other renowned economists, including an introduction by Joseph P. Newhouse that provides context for the discussion, a commentary from Jonathan Gruber that considers provider-side moral hazard, and reflections from Joseph E. Stiglitz and Kenneth J. Arrow. “Reads like a fireside chat among a group of distinguished, articulate health economists.” —Choice
Book Synopsis Designing Labor Market Institutions in Emerging and Developing Economies by : Mr.Romain A Duval
Download or read book Designing Labor Market Institutions in Emerging and Developing Economies written by Mr.Romain A Duval and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses theoretical aspects and evidences related to designing labor market institutions in emerging market and developing economies. This note reviews the state of theory and evidence on the design of labor market institutions in a developing economy context and then reviews its consistency with actual labor market advice in a selected set of emerging and developing economies. The focus is mainly on three broad sets of institutions that matter for both workers’ protection and labor market efficiency: employment protection, unemployment insurance and social assistance, minimum wages and collective bargaining. Text mining techniques are used to identify IMF recommendations in these areas in Article IV Reports for 30 emerging and frontier economies over 2005–2016. This note has provided a critical review of the literature on the design of labor market institutions in emerging and developing market economies, and benchmarked the advice featured in IMF recommendations for 30 emerging market and frontier economies against the tentative conclusions from the literature.
Book Synopsis Policy and Choice by : William J. Congdon
Download or read book Policy and Choice written by William J. Congdon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that public finance--the study of the government's role in economics--should incorporate principles from behavior economics and other branches of psychology.
Book Synopsis Lowering the Permanent Rate of Unemployment by : Martin S. Feldstein
Download or read book Lowering the Permanent Rate of Unemployment written by Martin S. Feldstein and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Issues in General Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition by :
Download or read book Issues in General Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 1338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in General Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about General Economic Research and Application. The editors have built Issues in General Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about General Economic Research and Application in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in General Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of 2014 1st International Conference on Industrial Economics and Industrial Security by : Menggang Li
Download or read book Proceedings of 2014 1st International Conference on Industrial Economics and Industrial Security written by Menggang Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects 88 papers on the latest fundamental advances in the state of the art and practice of industrial economics and industrial security theories and practices, providing insights to address problems concerning the national economy, social development and economic security. The book is divided into four main sections: Industrial Economics; Industrial Security; Empirical Studies; and others, all of which cover different aspects, such as industrial organization, industrial structure, industrial development, industrial distribution and industrial policies, as well as theories on industrial security in globalization. It also covers four special sessions: Cultural Industry; National Economy; Finance Groups; and International Economics and Trade. The papers in each section describe state-of-art research works that are often oriented towards real-world applications and highlight the benefits of related methods and techniques for developing the emerging field of Industrial Economics and Industrial Security.
Book Synopsis Allocation, Information and Markets by : John Eatwell
Download or read book Allocation, Information and Markets written by John Eatwell and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-09-21 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an extract from the 4-volume dictionary of economics, a reference book which aims to define the subject of economics today. 1300 subject entries in the complete work cover the broad themes of economic theory. This volume concentrates on the topic of allocation information and markets.