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An Acoustic Analysis Of Pharyngeal And Emphatic Consonants In Iraqi Arabic
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Book Synopsis An Acoustic Analysis of Pharyngeal and Emphatic Consonants in Iraqi Arabic by : Laura Rose Faircloth
Download or read book An Acoustic Analysis of Pharyngeal and Emphatic Consonants in Iraqi Arabic written by Laura Rose Faircloth and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphatic consonants in Arabic are coronal obstruents with a secondary articulation. The exact place of the secondary constriction is debated, though these consonants are often said to be pharyngealized. The emphatic consonants contrast with plain coronal obstruents and pharyngeal fricatives. Emphatic consonants also affect adjacent and non-adjacent vowels through a process of emphasis spread, usually by F1 raising and F2 lowering. A production experiment in Iraqi Arabic examined the acoustic patterns of plain, emphatic, and pharyngeal consonants and adjacent vowels. Acoustic measurements of the first and second formants of the low vowel /a/ and the high front vowel /i/ before and after the consonant were analyzed, as well as center of gravity of the fricatives. This experiment found that F1 was higher adjacent to pharyngeal and emphatic consonants than adjacent to plain consonants. F2 was lower adjacent to emphatic consonants than adjacent to plain and pharyngeal consonants. These results suggest some similarities in the articulation of pharyngeal and emphatic consonants, but that emphatic consonants have a slightly different constriction for the secondary articulation than the constriction for pharyngeal consonants. Vowels adjacent to pharyngeal consonants also did not have the characteristic F2 lowering associated with emphatic consonants and emphasis spread. The center of gravity of pharyngeal /ħ/ was lower than the center of gravity for plain /s/ and emphatic /sʕ/, but there was no difference in the center of gravity values for the plain and emphatic fricatives. Combined with the F2 lowering of vowels adjacent to emphatic consonants, this suggests that the perception of emphatic consonants may be primarily triggered by the adjacent vowel, not the consonant itself. The results of this experiment motivate future analyses of the relationship between the effects of emphatic consonants on adjacent vowels and the perception of emphatic consonants.
Book Synopsis Emphasis and Pharyngeals in Palestinian Arabic by : Laura Rose Faircloth
Download or read book Emphasis and Pharyngeals in Palestinian Arabic written by Laura Rose Faircloth and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arabic has a phonemic contrast between plain coronal obstruents and emphatic coronal obstruents, which have a secondary [+ back] feature with a debated uvular or pharyngeal constriction. These consonants are known to affect F1 and F2 in adjacent low /a/, but the effects on other vowels, the role of these cues in perception, and the long-distance acoustic effects have not been studied. A production study of emphatic consonants (Experiment 1) in Palestinian Arabic compared F1 and F2 of the vowels /a: i: u:/ following plain /s/, emphatic /s [superscript ç]/, and pharyngeal /[h with stroke]/. In comparison to vowels adjacent to plain coronals, F1 was higher adjacent to pharyngeal /[h with stroke]/ and lower adjacent to emphatic /s [superscript ç]/ at the onset, but this effect decreased at the midpoint and offset. F2 was lower adjacent to emphatic /s [superscript ç]/, in comparison to adjacent to plain /s/, and this effect was consistent at the onset, midpoint, and offset. The effects of emphatic consonants were greater in low /a/ than in high /i u/. A perception experiment (Experiment 2) explored the role of these acoustic correlates in the identification of plain /s/ and emphatic /s [superscript ç]/ before low /a:/ and high front /i:/, where stimuli had a frication segment from /s/ or /s [superscript ç]/ and F1 and F2 values varied. Listeners used F2 lowering as a cue to emphatic consonants, but they were also able to rely on slight differences in F1 and the frication to improve their identification overall. A second production experiment (Experiment 3) examined the long-distance effects of emphatic and pharyngeal consonants. Speakers produced F2 lowering in all emphatic environments compared to a plain control, regardless of directionality or locality. Speakers only produced localized F1 raising with pharyngeal consonants in immediately adjacent vowels. These experiments suggest that emphasis is uvularization in Palestinian Arabic, which causes F1 and F2 lowering in adjacent and non-adjacent vowels in comparison to vowels in plain environments, and that listeners use these cues to identify emphatic consonants. Pharyngeal /[h with stroke]/ raised F1 briefly, suggesting that pharyngeals do not have the same phonological effects as emphatic consonants in this dialect
Book Synopsis Instrumental Studies in Arabic Phonetics by : Zeki Majeed Hassan
Download or read book Instrumental Studies in Arabic Phonetics written by Zeki Majeed Hassan and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brought together in this volume are fourteen studies using a range of modern instrumental methods acoustic and articulatory to investigate the phonetics of several North African and Middle Eastern varieties of Arabic. Topics covered include syllable structure, quantity, assimilation, guttural and emphatic consonants and their pharyngeal and laryngeal mechanisms, intonation, and language acquisition. In addition to presenting new data and new descriptions and interpretations, a key aim of the volume is to demonstrate the depth of objective analysis that instrumental methods can enable researchers to achieve. A special feature of many chapters is the use of more than one type of instrumentation to give different perspectives on phonetic properties of Arabic speech which have fascinated scholars since medieval times. The volume will be of interest to phoneticians, phonologists and Arabic dialectologists, and provides a link between traditional qualitative accounts of spoken Arabic and modern quantitative methods of instrumental phonetic analysis.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics by : Mushira Eid
Download or read book Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics written by Mushira Eid and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1993-04-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in the first section of this volume, 'Variation in Arabic', deal with a wide range of topics: the function of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) vs. dialect variation in political speeches, patterns of variation in concord in Cairene dialect, the extent to which Cairenes 'know' MSA, and the scope of emphaticization in different dialects. In the section on 'Phonological Perspectives' there are papers dealing with emphasis spread and with gemination/degemination/antigemination in Iraqi Arabic. The papers in the section on syntax, all focused on MSA and within a GB framework, discuss aspects of Arabic that are problematic for current hypotheses in linguistics, and also more traditional issues such as word order and verbal vs. nominal sentences. The last two papers represent a historical, comparative Semitic perspective: on the function of energic suffixes, and on the reconstruction of the early Arabic sounds represented by siin and šiin.
Book Synopsis Voice Quality Features in the Production of Pharyngeal Consonants by Iraqi Arabic Speakers by : Wasan Alsiraih
Download or read book Voice Quality Features in the Production of Pharyngeal Consonants by Iraqi Arabic Speakers written by Wasan Alsiraih and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Instrumental Studies in Arabic Phonetics by : Zeki Majeed Hassan
Download or read book Instrumental Studies in Arabic Phonetics written by Zeki Majeed Hassan and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-21 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brought together in this volume are fourteen studies using a range of modern instrumental methods – acoustic and articulatory – to investigate the phonetics of several North African and Middle Eastern varieties of Arabic. Topics covered include syllable structure, quantity, assimilation, guttural and emphatic consonants and their pharyngeal and laryngeal mechanisms, intonation, and language acquisition. In addition to presenting new data and new descriptions and interpretations, a key aim of the volume is to demonstrate the depth of objective analysis that instrumental methods can enable researchers to achieve. A special feature of many chapters is the use of more than one type of instrumentation to give different perspectives on phonetic properties of Arabic speech which have fascinated scholars since medieval times. The volume will be of interest to phoneticians, phonologists and Arabic dialectologists, and provides a link between traditional qualitative accounts of spoken Arabic and modern quantitative methods of instrumental phonetic analysis.
Book Synopsis The Origins of Pharyngealization in Semitic by : Petr Zemánek
Download or read book The Origins of Pharyngealization in Semitic written by Petr Zemánek and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic by : Janet C. E. Watson
Download or read book The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic written by Janet C. E. Watson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first comprehensive account of the phonology and morphology of Arabic. It is a pioneering work of scholarship, based on the author's research in the region. Arabic is a Semitic language spoken by some 250 million people in an area stretching from Morocco in the West to parts of Iran in the East. Apart from its great intrinsic interest, the importance of the language for phonological and morphological theory lies, as the author shows, in its rich root-and-pattern morphology and its large set of guttural consonants. Dr Watson focuses on two eastern dialects, Cairene and San'ani. Cairene is typical of an advanced urban Mediterranean dialect and has a cultural importance throughout the Arab world; it is also the variety learned by most foreign speakers of Arabic. San'ani, spoken in Yemen, is representative of a conservative peninsula dialect. In addition the book makes extensive reference to other dialects as well as to classical and Modern Standard Arabic. The volume opens with an overview of the history and varieties of Arabic, and of the study of phonology within the Arab linguistic tradition. Successive chapters then cover dialectal differences and similarities, and the position of Arabic within Semitic; the phoneme system and the representation of phonological features; the syllable and syllabification; word stress; derivational morphology; inflectional morphology; lexical phonology; and post-lexical phonology. The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic will be of great interest to Arabists and comparative Semiticists, as well as to phonologists, morphologists, and linguists more generally.
Book Synopsis Arabic Phonology by : Salman H. Al-Ani
Download or read book Arabic Phonology written by Salman H. Al-Ani and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An acoustic characterization of the emphatic VS. non-emphatic consonants in Arabic as spoken in Jordan by : Ahmad Abulhaija
Download or read book An acoustic characterization of the emphatic VS. non-emphatic consonants in Arabic as spoken in Jordan written by Ahmad Abulhaija and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pharyngealization in Standard Arabic by : Mohamed Yeou
Download or read book Pharyngealization in Standard Arabic written by Mohamed Yeou and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Emphatic Consonants in Arabic by : Antonella Giannini
Download or read book The Emphatic Consonants in Arabic written by Antonella Giannini and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aspects of pharyngeal coartoculation by : Ahmed Mostafa Saleh Elgendy
Download or read book Aspects of pharyngeal coartoculation written by Ahmed Mostafa Saleh Elgendy and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Patterns and Representation in Arabic Place Assimilation by : Islam Youssef
Download or read book Patterns and Representation in Arabic Place Assimilation written by Islam Youssef and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a phonological investigation of place assimilation phenomena in two major Arabic dialects: Cairene Egyptian and Baghdadi Iraqi. The studied phenomena involve interactions between consonants (various types of local assimilation), between vowels (monophthongization), or between consonants and vowels (emphasis spread and labialization). Throughout the content chapters, the patterns for each of these processes are carefully described and validated by ample data, and then analyzed representationally using a minimalist model of feature geometry. The analysis follows a holistic approach, as the representations are consistently used for all the segmental phenomena within a dialect. The first exclusive treatment of place assimilation in colloquial Arabic, this book will be of particular interest to scholars and advanced students of Arabic linguistics and dialectology, and to phonologists in general, and can be a point of reference for researchers examining the details of such phenomena in other dialects of Arabic as well.
Download or read book Voice Quality written by John H. Esling and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a new model of vocal tract articulation that explains laryngeal and oral voice quality, both auditorily and visually, through language examples and familiar voices.
Book Synopsis Problems in the Segmental Phonology of Palestinian Arabic by : Munther Abdullatif Younes
Download or read book Problems in the Segmental Phonology of Palestinian Arabic written by Munther Abdullatif Younes and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sudanese Arabic written by James Dickins and published by Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. This book was released on 2007 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book - the first detailed study of Sudanese Arabic phonology for many years - proposes a functionalist analysis which is strikingly simpler than standard accounts. Consonants and vowels are integrated into a single phoneme system; consonantal [y] and vocalic [i], consonantal [w] and vocalic [u], and consonantal [?] and vocalic [a] are analysed as allophones of a single phoneme respectively. The putative phonemes 'ee' and 'oo' are analysed not as phonemes in their own right, but as realisations of /ai/ and /au/ phoneme sequences, differing from 'ay' and 'aw' in terms of their phonotactic structuring rather than the identity of the phonemes which make them up. The potential for zero distinctive features to further significantly simplify the analysis is explored, particularly in the light of Jakobson's (1957) account of North Palestinian Druze. The models hyperphoneme and archiphoneme are shown to provide elegant solutions to otherwise problematic areas of analysis. Phonological arguments are supported throughout by detailed phonetic analyses of both canonical and non-canonical phonetic realisations, and a novel account is proposed of 'emphasis spread'.
