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Amber Resinite And Fossil Resins
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Book Synopsis Amber, Resinite, and Fossil Resins by : Ken B. Anderson
Download or read book Amber, Resinite, and Fossil Resins written by Ken B. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports the state of the art in chemical studies of ambers, including structural characterization, isotopic composition, maturation studies, resinite derived oils, and amino acid distributions. Discusses aspects of the biological, geological, petrology, and technology of fossil resins. Presents a diverse summary of the current knowledge of the nature and properties of fossil resins.
Book Synopsis Amber, Resinite, and Fossil Resins by :
Download or read book Amber, Resinite, and Fossil Resins written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber by :
Download or read book Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deterioration of fossil resins (crazing, cracking, and darkening) was investigated by comparing the effects of one year of accelerated aging--specifically intensive exposure to light, heat, and fluctuating humidity, both individually and in combination--on samples from several natural resin deposits. These included two Cretaceous ambers (from Myanmar (Burma) and central New Jersey), two Tertiary ambers (from the Baltic and the Dominican Republic), and Holocene copal from Zanzibar. The five resins were chosen for their disparate ages and botanical origins (and thus chemical and physical properties), as well as their paleontological significance. In all cases, pronounced deterioration occurred under combined exposure to light and fluctuating humidity, based on surface crazing and a decrease in absorbance of light in the UV region (360-400 nm). While crazing did not visibly occur in cases of fluctuating humidity in dark conditions, or UV exposure alone, spectrophotometric evidence indicates that some deterioration did take place. Yellowing after exposure to elevated temperatures occurred in all samples tested, with the exception of Burmese amber. All four true ambers exhibited a decrease in UV absorbance after exposure to heat (while copal actually showed an increase). The samples from the five deposits represent three chemical subclasses of fossil resins, and each of the resins reacted differently to the various aging conditions, with New Jersey amber particularly unstable. Based on these results, amber collections should be stored in an environment with stable humidity, relatively low heat, and minimal exposure to light. Anoxic sealing and storage, and particularly embedding amber samples in a high-grade epoxy, may be beneficial, and further investigation is indicated.
Book Synopsis Biodiversity of Fossils in Amber from the Major World Deposits by : David Penney
Download or read book Biodiversity of Fossils in Amber from the Major World Deposits written by David Penney and published by Siri Scientific Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis SUCCINITE , FOSSILIZED RESIN REDISCOVERED by : Peter M. Barczak
Download or read book SUCCINITE , FOSSILIZED RESIN REDISCOVERED written by Peter M. Barczak and published by Piotr Barczak. This book was released on 2022-10-03 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Baltic amber fascinates thousands of tourists who come to the Baltic Sea. Small children and their parents are eager to bury the sand while looking for precious resin. It is not easy to find, and every large piece of amber found in the “cucumber season” makes headlines. Another category of amber hunters are professionals. These are people who make a living from extracting amber of jewelry value, because each piece of fossilized resin has quite a lot of value. This group is quite hermetic, and the places and methods of extraction remain in the sphere of understatement and are shrouded in a certain mystery. The aforementioned group is particularly interested in the uniqueness of Baltic amber, created by “ancient” rivers, that was already traded by Persians, Vikings and Mycenaeans. From this group, wonderful jewelry products are created. In this book, however, I deal with another aspect of Baltic amber. The initial idea was to analyze the knowledge of this fossilized resin in various aspects. The difficulty in getting to know amber is related to the multidimensionality of the issue. The problem is that science likes to specialize to be precise. This, however, limits knowledge of the issue of amber. If we deal with the question of the formation of the resin, we touch upon issues in the field of geology. This field is enough to fill many years of research and work of a scientist. You can look back a hundred thousand years ago, or into the past millions of years or tens of millions of years, which means that we delve into such vast knowledge that the life of one person may be too short to study the issue well.Then, what do we find in amber? Insects. Thousands of insects. Every geological epoch, each geological era means different families and different species of preserved insects, all of which are to be obtained, dissected, and described in scientific articles. Again, work for a lifetime, infinitely long, because we reach millions of years into the past, and not even in one specific place on the planet – we need to look through the entire planet, because it has been changing over millions of years. What about the plants? After all, they created succinite at different stages of development. What were they like? Are those plants we know today the same ones that existed millions of years ago? Further, some species have become extinct, some have evolved, some grow today in China and others in New Zealand or New Caledonia. Then there is chemistry, the compounds found in amber… Terpenes have already been counted; 40,000. And they can be found in amber. Maybe not in that number, but – since amber was found in peat, brown coal, surrounded by minerals, sediments, and rocks – it could have absorbed the catalog of chemical compounds occurring in the world of plants, trees and shrubs, and also essential oils.
Download or read book Life in Amber written by George O. Poinar and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Amber is a semi-precious gem that is formed over eons by natural forces out of the resin of trees. Human fascination with amber dates back to prehistoric times, when it was probably considered to have magical powers and was used for adornment and trade. Amber amulets and beads dating from 35,000 to 1,800 B.C. have been found, and where they have been found (for example in graves hundreds of miles from their chemically determined origins) has often helped to establish ancient trade routes." "The preservative qualities of plant resins were well known by the ancients. The Egyptians used resins to embalm their dead, and the Greeks used them to preserve their wine. Amber often preserved fossils, frequently in a pristine state, of all kinds of animal and plant organisms that made contact with the sticky substance and became trapped in it. These fossils include such fragile organisms as nematodes and mushrooms that ordinarily are not preserved under normal processes of fossilization, as well as larger organisms like scorpions and lizards, and the fossils are preserved in their full three-dimensional form, complete with minute details of scales, mouth parts, antennae, and hairs. It has even been suggested that viable DNA may persist in some amber-trapped organisms." "This book is a compendium of all that we know about life found in amber. It surveys all life forms, from microbes to vertebrates and plants, that have been reported from amber deposits throughout the world, beginning with the earliest pieces dating from some 300 million years ago. It also describes the formation of amber and the location, geological history, and early exploration of the major world amber deposits, including those still being worked today." "The book also provides practical information on how to determine fake amber containing present-day forms of life. It can serve as a beginning for tracing the geological history of a particular group of animals or plants or even reconstructing ancient paleoenvironments, and because amber fossils are preserved so completely, in a transparent medium, they can be intimately compared with related living species. Finally, the book discusses what amber fossils can tell us about evolution and speciation, cellular preservation, and paleosymbiosis." "The book is illustrated with 37 color photographs, 154 black-and-white photographs and drawings, and 8 maps."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Book Synopsis A Geochemical Investigation of Carboniferous Amber by : P. Sargent Bray
Download or read book A Geochemical Investigation of Carboniferous Amber written by P. Sargent Bray and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare and unique macroscopic blebs of Carboniferous (320 mya) age amber (fossil wound resin) have been extracted from an Illinois coal and analyzed using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). Results indicate that the macroscopic ambers in these deposits may be classified as mature Class Ic ambers, and contain many diterpenoids associated with modern and fossil resins. Resinite extracted from the same Illinois coal using density gradient centrifugation (DGC) techniques has also been analyzed using Py-GC-MS, and may be classified as mature Class Ib amber. Class assignments are based on the identification of labdanoid decarboxylation products and comparison of retention times with well known references. These data show that primitive gymnosperms were chemically sophisticated and possibly utilized varied types of complex terpenoid wound resins. These ambers, although highly matured, are similar to modern resins, which suggests that vascular plants rapidly evolved the ability to produce complex polylabdanoid resins, and that the synthetic mechanisms have been retained in both angiosperms and gymnosperms since the Carboniferous. These ambers represent the oldest ambers to date to yield useful chemotaxonomic data, and are the first documented unequivocal ambers from the Carboniferous.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Sedimentology by : Rhodes Whitmore Fairbridge
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Sedimentology written by Rhodes Whitmore Fairbridge and published by Springer. This book was released on 1978-11 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scholarly work on sedimentology. Each article is signed and has a bibliography. Illustrated. Indexed.
Book Synopsis Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber. (American Museum Novitates, No. 3734). by :
Download or read book Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber. (American Museum Novitates, No. 3734). written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biogenic—Abiogenic Interactions in Natural and Anthropogenic Systems 2022 by : Olga V. Frank-Kamenetskaya
Download or read book Biogenic—Abiogenic Interactions in Natural and Anthropogenic Systems 2022 written by Olga V. Frank-Kamenetskaya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-20 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book represents a collection of papers presented at VII International Symposium "Biogenic-abiogenic interactions in natural and anthropogenic systems" that was held on 26-29 September 2022 in Saint Petersburg (Russia). Papers in this book cover a wide range of topics connecting with interactions between biogenic and abiogenic components in lithosphere, biosphere and technosphere. The main regarding topics are following: biomineralization in living organisms and nature-like materials; biomineralization in geosystems; geochemistry of biogenic-abiogenic systems; biomineral interactions in soil; interaction of microorganisms with natural and artificial materials; medical geology; philosophical aspects of interdisciplinary researchs
Download or read book Amber written by Andrew Ross and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fossilized resin of ancient trees, amber preserves organic material--most commonly insects and other invertebrates--and with it the shape and surface detail that are usually obliterated or hopelessly distorted during the mineralization we associate with fossils. This fascinating substance offers a unique intersection of the fields of paleontology, botany, entomology, and mineralogy.
Book Synopsis The Quest For Life In Amber by : George Poinar
Download or read book The Quest For Life In Amber written by George Poinar and published by Addison-Wesley Longman. This book was released on 1994-09-11 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In passages that read more like an Indiana Jones screenplay than scientific research, the Poinars describe how their hobby-turned-obsession ultimately led to a breakthrough scientific finding: the discovery of preserved insect DNA in amber. Photos.
Book Synopsis Analytical Archaeometry by : Howell Edwards
Download or read book Analytical Archaeometry written by Howell Edwards and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016-01-13 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical Archaeometry describes this interesting and challenging field of research - on the border between natural sciences (chemistry, spectroscopy, biology, geology) and humanities (archaeology, (art-)history, conservation sciences). It fills the gap between these two areas whilst focussing on the analytical aspects of this research field. The first part of the book studies the main analytical techniques used in this research field. The second part expands from the different types of materials usually encountered, and the final part is organised around a series of typical research questions. The book is not only focussed on archaeological materials, but is also accessible to a broader lay audience. Overall the book is clearly structured and gives insight into different approaches to the study of analytical providing extensive discussion on a wide range of techniques, materials, questions and applications. Due to the advances in analytical instrumentation and applications in this field, it is important to have all this information merged together. Academics as well as professionals in archaeology, art history, museum labs and conservation science will find this an invaluable reference source ensuring the reader is provided with the latest progress in this research field.
Book Synopsis Applied Pyrolysis Handbook by : Thomas P. Wampler
Download or read book Applied Pyrolysis Handbook written by Thomas P. Wampler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical pyrolysis allows scientists to use routine laboratory instrumentation for analyzing complex, opaque, or insoluble samples more effectively than other analytical techniques alone. Applied Pyrolysis Handbook, Second Edition is a practical guide to the application of pyrolysis techniques to various samples and sample types for a dive
Book Synopsis The Amber Forest by : George O. Poinar
Download or read book The Amber Forest written by George O. Poinar and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Poinars are world leaders in the study of amber fossils and have spent years examining the uniquely rich supply that has survived from the ancient forests of the Dominican Republic. They draw on their research here to reconstruct in words, drawings, and spectacular color photographs the ecosystem that existed on the island of Hispaniola between fifteen and forty-five million years ago. The Poinars present richly detailed drawings of how the forests once appeared. They discuss how and when life colonized Hispaniola and what caused some forms to become extinct. Along the way, they describe how amber is formed, how and where it has been preserved, and how it is mined, sold, and occasionally forged for profit today.
Book Synopsis The Nature and Fate of Natural Resins in the Geosphere VI. Analysis of Fossil Resins from Axel Heiberg Island Canadian Arctic by :
Download or read book The Nature and Fate of Natural Resins in the Geosphere VI. Analysis of Fossil Resins from Axel Heiberg Island Canadian Arctic written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambers are well known and abundant in terrestrial sediments all over the world; however, due largely to the absence of definite morphological characteristics, the precise botanical origin of most amber samples, are at best, often a matter of speculation. This has severely restricted the usefulness of amber in paleobotanical and paleoecological interpretations. The molecular composition and structural characteristics of fossil resins however, may preserve evidence of their botanical origin, which could be of great value in both geochemical, paleobotanical, and paleoenvironmental studies. The remains of a number of exceptionally well-preserved Taxodiaceae-dominated swamp-forest communities have been identified in the sediments of the middle Eocene (45 million years old) Buchanan Lake Formation of Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The amber collected from these ancient in situ forests provides a unique opportunity to characterize these resins chemically and taxonomically. Resinite associated with Metasequoia, Pinus and Pseudolarix has been characterized using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. This method provides a direct analysis of the molecular structure and composition of the resin. In several cases, both bled resin and cone-resin samples have been characterized. The results of these analyses are presented and discussed. The implications of these results for the botanical origins of other ambers represented in the fossil record (including succinite) will also be discussed.
Book Synopsis The Terrestrialization Process by : Marco Vecoli
Download or read book The Terrestrialization Process written by Marco Vecoli and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2010 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invasion of the land by plants (terrestrialization) was one of the most significant evolutionary events in the history of life on Earth, and correlates in time with periods of major palaeoenvironmental perturbations. The development of a vegetation cover on the previously barren land surfaces impacted on the global biogeochemical cycles and the geological processes of erosion and sediment transport. The terrestrialization of plants preceded the rise of major new groups of animals, such as insects and tetrapods, the latter numbering some 24 000 living species, including ourselves. Early land-plant evolution also correlates with the most spectacular decline of atmospheric CO2 concentration of Phanerozoic times and with the onset of a protracted period of glacial conditions on Earth. This book includes a selection of papers covering different aspects of the terrestrialization, from palaeobotany to vertebrate palaeontology and geochemistry, promoting a multidisciplinary approach to the understanding of the co-evolution of life and its environments during Early to Mid-Palaeozoic times.
