Alternative Agriculture In Europe Sixteenth Twentieth Centuries

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Alternative Agriculture in Europe (sixteenth-Twentieth Centuries)

Author : Gerard Beaur
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9782503586748
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Agriculture in Europe (sixteenth-Twentieth Centuries) by : Gerard Beaur

Download or read book Alternative Agriculture in Europe (sixteenth-Twentieth Centuries) written by Gerard Beaur and published by . This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treatment of long-term agricultural transformation remains a lively topic for historians. Much debate arose when agricultural development patterns were discovered that did without a dominant, production-oriented cereal crop, even when it was accompanied by livestock farming. Joan Thirsk hoped to conclude this debate by putting forward the hypothesis that such "alternative agriculture" was the farmers' way of responding to the difficulties caused by periods of low agricultural prices. This theory stirred up controversy and arguments both for and against.00The contributions to this volume take this hypothesis seriously and attempt to assess its validity. Examining a large number of "alternative agricultures" over the long term, from the fifteenth to the twentieth century, they discuss the issues encountered in tracing the links between the spread of alternative crops, such as fruits and vegetables, flowers, and industrial crops, and the general economic environment, across a vast swathe of territory stretching from Flanders to Spain and from France, through Italy and Switzerland, as far as Russia.

Agriculture and the Great Depression

Author : Gérard Béaur
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000640604
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture and the Great Depression by : Gérard Béaur

Download or read book Agriculture and the Great Depression written by Gérard Béaur and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-14 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role did the agricultural sector play in the economic crash of 1929? Taking evidence from country cases across Europe and the Americas, this edited volume explores short-, medium- and long- term perspectives on the primary sector. The monograph brings together the voices of an international panel of contributors who examine issues such as falling prices, industrial production, unemployment and the stagnation of aggregate demand. Together, they frame the interwar period as a pivotal turning point in the decline of subsistence agriculture and the growth of agricultural subsidies, which remain a key policy tool in many economies today. This illuminating book will be of interest to advanced students and researchers in economic history, agricultural history, globalization and economic development.

Alternatives to Democracy in Twentieth-Century Europe

Author : Sabrina P. Ramet
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633863104
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternatives to Democracy in Twentieth-Century Europe by : Sabrina P. Ramet

Download or read book Alternatives to Democracy in Twentieth-Century Europe written by Sabrina P. Ramet and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternatives to Democracy in Twentieth-Century Europe examines the historical examples of Soviet Communism, Italian Fascism, German Nazism, and Spanish Anarchism, suggesting that, in spite of their differences, they had some key features in common, in particular their shared hostility to individualism, representative government, laissez faire capitalism, and the decadence they associated with modern culture. But rather than seeking to return to earlier ways of working these movements and regimes sought to design a new future – an alternative future – that would restore the nation to spiritual and political health. The Fascists, for their part, specifically promoted palingenesis, which is to say the spiritual rebirth of the nation. The book closes with a long epilogue, in which Ramet defends liberal democracy, highlighting its strengths and advantages. In this chapter, the author identifies five key choke points, which would-be authoritarians typically seek to control, subvert, or instrumentalize: electoral rules, the judiciary, the media, hate speech, and surveillance, and looks at the cases of Viktor Orbán’s Hungary, Jarosław Kaczyński’s Poland, and Donald Trump’s United States.

Alternative Agriculture: A History

Author : Joan Thirsk
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191586811
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Agriculture: A History by : Joan Thirsk

Download or read book Alternative Agriculture: A History written by Joan Thirsk and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1997-10-09 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People like to believe in a past golden age of traditional English countryside, before large farms, machinery, and the destruction of hedgerows changed the landscape forever. However, that countryside may have looked both more and less familiar than we imagine. Take todays startling yellow fields of rapeseed, seemingly more suited to the landscape of Van Gogh than Constable. They were, in fact, thoroughly familiar to fieldworkers in seventeenth-century England. At the same time, some features that would have gone unremarked in the past now seem like oddities. In the fifteenth century, rabbit warrens were specially guarded to rear rabbits as a luxury food for rich mens tables; whilst houses had moats not only to defend them but to provide a source of fresh fish. In the 1500s we find Catherine of Aragon introducing the concept of a fresh salad to the court of Henry VIII; and in the 1600s, artichoke gardens became a fashion of the gentry in their hope of producing more male heirs. The common tomato, suspected of being poisonous in 1837, was transformed into a household vegetable by the end of the nineteenth century, thanks to cheaper glass-making methods and the resulting increase in glasshouses. In addition to these images of past lives, Joan Thirsk reveals how the forces which drive our current interest in alternative forms of agriculture a glut of meat and cereal crops, changing dietary habits, the needs of medicine have striking parallels with earlier periods in our history. She warns us that todays decisions should not be made in a historical vacuum: we can find solutions to our current problems in the experience of people in the past.

A History of the European Economy, 1000-2000

Author : François Crouzet
Publisher : University of Virginia Press
ISBN 13 : 9780813921907
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (219 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the European Economy, 1000-2000 by : François Crouzet

Download or read book A History of the European Economy, 1000-2000 written by François Crouzet and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering Europe as a whole rather than as a mosaic of individual states, François Crouzet presents here an accessible, engaging history of the European economy during the second millennium. Stressing the common economic institutions shared over time by the different regions of Europe and the networks of relations that have linked them, Crouzet examines pan-European changes and integration rather than merely the particular experiences of individual countries. A History of the European Economy, 1000-2000 goes beyond addressing the historical ramifications of trade in the European economy to encompass problems such as the diffusion of technology, the migration of capital and labor, diasporas and minorities, and national diversity. By stressing the historical origins of the drive toward European integration and its progress all the way to the birth of the euro, Crouzet delivers an original and comprehensive overview of European economic history.

Agrarian Change and Imperfect Property

Author : Rosa Congost
Publisher : Brepols Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9782503579238
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrarian Change and Imperfect Property by : Rosa Congost

Download or read book Agrarian Change and Imperfect Property written by Rosa Congost and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is situated at the crossroads of two recurring themes in rural history: agrarian contracts and property rights. Emphyteusis is at the heart of agrarian history in that it brings together agricultural history and the nature of social relations in traditional societies. Despite this, many such contracts have been blithely ignored, or unjustly dismissed, either because they are hard to identify, given the many variants that existed, or because, as a form of divided property, they are generally perceived in a negative light. Nevertheless, emphyteusis is to be found everywhere, even in regions which deny its existence, and it is far from being obsolete. Rather, it is flourishing, prospering and long-lived, particularly in urban areas. Emphyteusis has a long history and has played a central role, sometimes misleading, but always crucial, in the process of agricultural development. It has held sway as a substitute when access to property has been impossible, and as a source of conflicts has often revealed the nature of power relations between property owners on the one hand, whether seigneurial or not, and cultivators, short-term and long-term tenants on the other. The different chapters in this volume illuminate these multiple facets and forms of this type of contract and imperfect property rights. Though the focus is on Mediterranean societies, the questions raised have relevance far beyond this specific area.

Backwardness and Modernization: Poland and Eastern Europe in the 16th-20th Centuries

Author : Jacek Kochanowicz
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351125400
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Backwardness and Modernization: Poland and Eastern Europe in the 16th-20th Centuries by : Jacek Kochanowicz

Download or read book Backwardness and Modernization: Poland and Eastern Europe in the 16th-20th Centuries written by Jacek Kochanowicz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this book is the economic backwardness of Poland and Eastern Europe in the modern era. The studies in the first part analyse various aspects of the region's economic and social history in the period from the 16th to the 20th centuries, such as the nature of peasant economics, the character of economic evolution, and the ambiguity of social and economic relations between Poland and "the West". The second part deals with the change following the fall of state socialism. Papers in this part argue that, for understanding the present, it is necessary to take into consideration historical legacies. It is also important to look at the process of this recent change comparatively, both within Eastern Europe and comparing this region with other parts of the world. Professor Kochanowicz's contention in these essays is that the so-called transformation has had to cope not only with the effects of state socialism, but also with a much longer legacy of backwardness.

Author : Marcel Mazoyer
Publisher : Earthscan
ISBN 13 : 1844074005
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis by : Marcel Mazoyer

Download or read book written by Marcel Mazoyer and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an analysis of the rise of agriculture & its handmaid - civilization itself. From the Near East & Egypt to China, the Americas & medieval & modern Europe, it traces the rise of agriculture & examines the tapestry of the social & economic structures it nurtured & attempts to show how this wealth is endangered.

Economic Change and the National Question in Twentieth-Century Europe

Author : Alice Teichova
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781139427654
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Change and the National Question in Twentieth-Century Europe by : Alice Teichova

Download or read book Economic Change and the National Question in Twentieth-Century Europe written by Alice Teichova and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-30 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors in this collection of essays address the largely neglected but significant economic aspects of the national question in its historical context during the course of the twentieth century. There exists a large gap in our understanding of the historical relationship between the 'national question' and economic change. Above all, there is insufficient knowledge about the economic dimension of the historical experience with regard to the former multi-national states, such as the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia; and equally too little is known about the economic component of national tensions and conflicts in bilingual Belgium or Finland, or the multilingual Spain or Switzerland. At the same time as emphasis is placed on the complex relationships between the economy and society in individual European countries, questions of state, identity, language, religion and racism as instruments of economic furtherance are at the centre of the contributors' attention.

Alternative Capitalisms: Geographies of Emerging Regions

Author : Robert Gwynne
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1444118900
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Capitalisms: Geographies of Emerging Regions by : Robert Gwynne

Download or read book Alternative Capitalisms: Geographies of Emerging Regions written by Robert Gwynne and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to examine the effects of globalization and economic and political transformations in those parts of the world which are now regularly referred to as 'emerging regions'. These are Latin America and the Caribbean, East Central Europe and the former Soviet Union and East Asia. This book breaks new ground in three areas. First of all it develops a critique of the use of the term "emerging regions" for geographers and social scientists and relates this to world-systems theory. Secondly, it explores the development trajectories and challenges of countries in this so-called emerging world, countries that will be crucial to the evolution of the world economy in the twenty-first century. Thirdly, it compares and contrasts the pathways of both economic and political change in the three world regions under focus. This is a unique approach in terms of books published in both geography and the social sciences. Within the context of the three world regions, the book combines historical and contemporary analysis of the evolving world-system. In these regions we are concerned to understand the historical expansion and extension of capitalism and how its contemporary forms of production, exchange and regulation are evolving. The authors believe that at the present time these processes have produced 'alternative capitalisms' - economic and associated developments which, while assuredly capitalist, differ in various ways from those typical of the capitalist West or 'core economies' of North America and Western Europe.

21st Century Homestead: Sustainable Agriculture III: Agricultural Practices

Author : Marlon Henkel
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1312939753
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis 21st Century Homestead: Sustainable Agriculture III: Agricultural Practices by : Marlon Henkel

Download or read book 21st Century Homestead: Sustainable Agriculture III: Agricultural Practices written by Marlon Henkel and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-02-22 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 21st Century Homestead: Sustainable Agriculture III contains the third part of everything you need to stay up to date on sustainable agricultural practices.

Environmental Resources

Author : A.S. Mather
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317894472
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Resources by : A.S. Mather

Download or read book Environmental Resources written by A.S. Mather and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Resources provides a comprehensive text for undergraduate resource management courses. It begins with an introduction to natural and environmental resources and then considers them in the context of politics, time and space.

Riverine Ecosystem Management

Author : Stefan Schmutz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319732501
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Riverine Ecosystem Management by : Stefan Schmutz

Download or read book Riverine Ecosystem Management written by Stefan Schmutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book surveys the frontier of scientific river research and provides examples to guide management towards a sustainable future of riverine ecosystems. Principal structures and functions of the biogeosphere of rivers are explained; key threats are identified, and effective solutions for restoration and mitigation are provided. Rivers are among the most threatened ecosystems of the world. They increasingly suffer from pollution, water abstraction, river channelisation and damming. Fundamental knowledge of ecosystem structure and function is necessary to understand how human acitivities interfere with natural processes and which interventions are feasible to rectify this. Modern water legislation strives for sustainable water resource management and protection of important habitats and species. However, decision makers would benefit from more profound understanding of ecosystem degradation processes and of innovative methodologies and tools for efficient mitigation and restoration. The book provides best-practice examples of sustainable river management from on-site studies, European-wide analyses and case studies from other parts of the world. This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of aquatic ecology, river system functioning, conservation and restoration, to postgraduate students, to institutions involved in water management, and to water related industries.

Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309157498
Total Pages : 599 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century by : National Research Council

Download or read book Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-25 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 20 years, there has been a remarkable emergence of innovations and technological advances that are generating promising changes and opportunities for sustainable agriculture, yet at the same time the agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges. Not only is the agricultural sector expected to produce adequate food, fiber, and feed, and contribute to biofuels to meet the needs of a rising global population, it is expected to do so under increasingly scarce natural resources and climate change. Growing awareness of the unintended impacts associated with some agricultural production practices has led to heightened societal expectations for improved environmental, community, labor, and animal welfare standards in agriculture. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century assesses the scientific evidence for the strengths and weaknesses of different production, marketing, and policy approaches for improving and reducing the costs and unintended consequences of agricultural production. It discusses the principles underlying farming systems and practices that could improve the sustainability. It also explores how those lessons learned could be applied to agriculture in different regional and international settings, with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. By focusing on a systems approach to improving the sustainability of U.S. agriculture, this book can have a profound impact on the development and implementation of sustainable farming systems. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century serves as a valuable resource for policy makers, farmers, experts in food production and agribusiness, and federal regulatory agencies.

Sustainable Agricultural Development in Ethiopia

Author : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Agricultural Development in Ethiopia by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee

Download or read book Sustainable Agricultural Development in Ethiopia written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Routledge Handbook of World-Systems Analysis

Author : Salvatore J. Babones
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 041556364X
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of World-Systems Analysis by : Salvatore J. Babones

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of World-Systems Analysis written by Salvatore J. Babones and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the state of the field of world-systems analysis. World-systems analysts study the structure of the relationships among people, organisations, and states and how those relationships change over time.

Reforesting the Earth

Author : Thomas K. Rudel
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231558546
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforesting the Earth by : Thomas K. Rudel

Download or read book Reforesting the Earth written by Thomas K. Rudel and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-05 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forests offer a natural solution to the climate crisis. Conserving and expanding them not only removes carbon from the atmosphere but also protects and fosters biodiversity. Yet the results of elite-driven reforestation initiatives have been disappointing, and in many world regions deforestation continues relentlessly. Thomas K. Rudel examines a wide range of conservation and reforestation efforts to shed new light on the social factors that lead to success. He details effective coalition-building strategies and organizational models that have protected, restored, and expanded forests around the world. Rudel argues that successful reforestation projects bring together diverse groups of people with a stake in the land and a commitment to collective decision making. They give voice to different economic and social interests, including small farmers, Indigenous peoples, loggers, ranchers, government officials, NGO personnel, international donors, and climate activists. These varied coalition members each make commitments to promote forests. Farmers limit the extent of lands under cultivation, governments protect land tenure for smallholders, and wealthy donors make payments for environmental protections. Timely and accessible, Reforesting the Earth offers a guide to scaling up local efforts to sequester carbon and makes a powerful case for a global reforestation movement.