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Air Sea Exchange Of Heat And Moisture During Storms
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Book Synopsis Air-Sea Exchange of Heat and Moisture During Storms by : R.S. Bortkovskii
Download or read book Air-Sea Exchange of Heat and Moisture During Storms written by R.S. Bortkovskii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists investigating the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere now believe that the drag coefficient, and the coefficients of heat transfer and moisture transfer at the sea surface, all increase with an intensification of the wind, reaching high values during a storm. This belief is based on the results of gradient and eddy correlation measurements in the air layer over the water, as weIl as on data concerning the effect of storms on the structure of the upper layer of the ocean and on the planetary atmospheric boundary layer. However, until recently it was impossible to explain just how the above coefficients depend on the wind velocity and to extrapolate this dependence into the region of hurricane velocities. Only by studying nonturbulent mechanisms of transfer, which play an important role dose to the surface of a stormy sea, and mechanisms of spray mediated transfer in particular, was it possible to proceed to a solution of this problem. This book presents the results of laboratory and field studies of the spray field in the air layer above the surface of a stormy sea. Since there is a dose correlation between the generation of spray and the breaking of wind waves, considerable attention is given to the analysis of data on the sea state during a storm. Su'ch data are of interest when solving a number of diverse theoretical and applied problems.
Book Synopsis Air-sea Exchange of Heat and Moisture During Storms by : Roman Semenovič Bortkovskij
Download or read book Air-sea Exchange of Heat and Moisture During Storms written by Roman Semenovič Bortkovskij and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air-Sea Exchange of Heat and Moisture During Storms by : R.S. Bortkovskii
Download or read book Air-Sea Exchange of Heat and Moisture During Storms written by R.S. Bortkovskii and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists investigating the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere now believe that the drag coefficient, and the coefficients of heat transfer and moisture transfer at the sea surface, all increase with an intensification of the wind, reaching high values during a storm. This belief is based on the results of gradient and eddy correlation measurements in the air layer over the water, as weIl as on data concerning the effect of storms on the structure of the upper layer of the ocean and on the planetary atmospheric boundary layer. However, until recently it was impossible to explain just how the above coefficients depend on the wind velocity and to extrapolate this dependence into the region of hurricane velocities. Only by studying nonturbulent mechanisms of transfer, which play an important role dose to the surface of a stormy sea, and mechanisms of spray mediated transfer in particular, was it possible to proceed to a solution of this problem. This book presents the results of laboratory and field studies of the spray field in the air layer above the surface of a stormy sea. Since there is a dose correlation between the generation of spray and the breaking of wind waves, considerable attention is given to the analysis of data on the sea state during a storm. Su'ch data are of interest when solving a number of diverse theoretical and applied problems.
Book Synopsis Air-Sea Exchange: Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics by : G.L. Geernaert
Download or read book Air-Sea Exchange: Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics written by G.L. Geernaert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980's a wealth of information was reported from field and laboratory experiments in order to validate andlor modify various aspects of the surface layer Monin-Obukhov (M-O) similarity theory for use over the sea, and to introduce and test new concepts related to high resolution flux magnitudes and variabilities. For example, data from various field experiments conducted on the North Sea, Lake Ontario, and the Atlantic experiments, among others, yielded information on the dependence of the flux coefficients on wave state. In all field projects, the usual criteria for satisfying M-O similarity were applied. The assumptions of stationarity and homogeneity was assumed to be relevant over both small and large scales. In addition, the properties of the outer layer were assumed to be "correlated" with properties of the surface layer. These assumptions generally required that data were averaged for spatial footprints representing scales greater than 25 km (or typically 30 minutes or longer for typical windspeeds). While more and more data became available over the years, and the technology applied was more reliable, robust, and durable, the flux coefficients and other turbulent parameters still exhibited significant unexplained scatter. Since the scatter did not show sufficient reduction over the years to meet customer needs, in spite of improved technology and heavy financial investments, one could only conclude that perhaps the use of similarity theory contained too many simplifications when applied to environments which were more complicated than previously thought.
Book Synopsis Turbulent Air-Sea Exchange in Extreme Winds and Its Effects on Storm Structure by :
Download or read book Turbulent Air-Sea Exchange in Extreme Winds and Its Effects on Storm Structure written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal is to investigate, theoretically and through analyzing existing data, sea surface physics and air-sea exchange in extreme winds. This is a collaboration between Ed Andreas and Kerry Emanuel. Our underlying motivations are improving predictions of tropical cyclone intensity and structure and developing guidelines for planning an eventual field experiment to observe the air-sea drag and enthalpy exchange in high winds. . Ultimately these goals require our developing physics-based parameterizations and theoretical constraints for turbulent air-sea fluxes in extreme winds. One focus will be on the role that sea spray plays in transferring heat, moisture, and momentum across the air-sea interface in high winds.
Book Synopsis Air-sea Energy Exchange in Lagrangian Temperature and Dew Point Forecasts by : Ronald M. Reap
Download or read book Air-sea Energy Exchange in Lagrangian Temperature and Dew Point Forecasts written by Ronald M. Reap and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Techniques Development Laboratory three-dimensional trajectory model was updated in June 1971 to include the effects of air-sea interactions. Output from the model is currently transmitted via facsimile for use as guidance in severe storm forecasting. Past verification statistics for the model have shown a marked tendency to under-forecast surface temperature and dew point along coastal areas during the cold seasons
Book Synopsis Breaking and Dissipation of Ocean Surface Waves by : Alexander Babanin
Download or read book Breaking and Dissipation of Ocean Surface Waves written by Alexander Babanin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-19 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wave breaking represents one of the most interesting and challenging problems for fluid mechanics and physical oceanography. Over the last fifteen years our understanding has undergone a dramatic leap forward, and wave breaking has emerged as a process whose physics is clarified and quantified. Ocean wave breaking plays the primary role in the air-sea exchange of momentum, mass and heat, and it is of significant importance for ocean remote sensing, coastal and ocean engineering, navigation and other practical applications. This book outlines the state of the art in our understanding of wave breaking and presents the main outstanding problems. It is a valuable resource for anyone interested in this topic, including researchers, modellers, forecasters, engineers and graduate students in physical oceanography, meteorology and ocean engineering.
Book Synopsis Natural Physical Sources of Underwater Sound by : B.R. Kerman
Download or read book Natural Physical Sources of Underwater Sound written by B.R. Kerman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-01-31 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Conference on `Natural Physical Sources of Underwater Sound', Cambridge, U.K., July 3-6, 1990
Book Synopsis Variability of Air Temperature and Atmospheric Precipitation in the Arctic by : Rajmund Przybylak
Download or read book Variability of Air Temperature and Atmospheric Precipitation in the Arctic written by Rajmund Przybylak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been known at least since the end of the century that the polar areas play a very important role in the formation of the Earth’s climates. It is also known today that they are the most sensitive regions to climatic change, and are thus perfect case studies for the detection of such changes. The most serious obstacle to the study of climatic and other geographical elements of the polar areas (including the Arctic) has always been the severe climatic conditions which prevail in these regions. Because of these extreme con- tions, research into particular elements of the climatic system (including the atmosphere) began here much later than it did in lower latitudes. For instance, the whole area of the Arctic was not sufficiently covered with a network of meteorological stations until the late 1940s (and even then there were large areas of the central Arctic and the Greenland interior for which no data were available). This is probably why it was not until the start of the 1990s that a body of work began to appear which analysed in any depth climatic variability for the Arctic as a whole. While a considerable number of papers had been p- lished before this period, most of them were local studies presenting highly localised information, providing air temperature measurements but often little else.
Book Synopsis Ocean Waves Breaking and Marine Aerosol Fluxes by : Stanislaw R. Massel
Download or read book Ocean Waves Breaking and Marine Aerosol Fluxes written by Stanislaw R. Massel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-10 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book fills a gap in knowledge of breaking waves and their influence on the generation of marine fluxes from ocean surfaces. Based on published data as well as on the author's experience, the text explores in detail the relationship chain of breaking waves, whitecaps coverage, rate of wave energy dissipation, amount of aerosol fluxes rising from a given sea basin, and possible seasonal variations.
Book Synopsis Precipitation Scavenging And Atmosphere-Surface Exchange by : Stephen Schwartz
Download or read book Precipitation Scavenging And Atmosphere-Surface Exchange written by Stephen Schwartz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-06-01 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-volume set contains selected papers arising from a conference held in 1991 on precipitation and air pollution. The first volume addresses the precipitation scavenging process; the second deals with atmosphere-surface exchange processes; and the third covers air pollution and deposition.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in the Study of Oceanic Whitecaps by : Penny Vlahos
Download or read book Recent Advances in the Study of Oceanic Whitecaps written by Penny Vlahos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with the a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in the study of whitecaps. It is the first major publication focusing specifically on whitecaps and their role in a variety of climate-relevant air-sea interaction processes since the publication, in 1986, of Oceanic Whitecaps, and Their Role in Air-Sea Exchange Processes, edited by Edward Charles Monahan and Gearoid Mac Niocaill (published by Springer). This book also provides the interested reader with a review of the initial work done on this topic in the second half of the 20th Century.
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceans by : Victor Raizer
Download or read book Advances in Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceans written by Victor Raizer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-09-05 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition introduces the fundamentals of passive microwave remote sensing of oceans, including the physical principles of microwave radiometry, novel observational data, their interpretation, and applications. It not only demonstrates and examines the recent advantages and state of the art of microwave data but also provides guidance for explaining complex ocean studies and advanced applications. All chapters are thoroughly updated with detailed analysis of space‐based microwave missions, and a new chapter on space‐based microwave radiometer experiments has been added. This book discusses the power of microwave remote sensing as an efficient tool for diagnostics of ocean phenomena in research and education. Features New to this Edition: • Includes a new chapter and additional data, images, illustrations, and references. • Uses ocean microwave data, acquired from different platforms, to illustrate different methods of analysis and interpretation. • Updates information on recent and important satellite missions dedicated to microwave remote sensing of oceans. • Offers more detailed analysis of multiband microwave data and images. • Provides examples of microwave data that cover different ocean environmental phenomena and hydro‐physical fields, including global and local ocean features. • Presents additional material on advanced applications, including detection capabilities. This book is intended for postgraduate students and professionals working in fields related to remote sensing, geography, oceanography, civil, environmental, and geotechnical engineering.
Book Synopsis Breaking Waves by : Michael L. Banner
Download or read book Breaking Waves written by Michael L. Banner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wave breaking is a commonly occurring phenomena associated with wave motion in fluids, often inducing significant effects which are of fundamental and technological importance, A familiar illustration is provided with white-capping and microbreaking of the wind-driven ocean sUrface waves, which is believed to play an important part in the transfers of momentum, mass and heat across the air-sea interface, as well as in the production of underwater ambient noise and augmented microwave backscatter. The enhanced hydrodynamic forces associated with the breaking of the more energetic ocean wave components constitute a significant challenge in ocean engineering, coastal engineering and naval architecture. Other less conspicuous but equally important manifestations are the breaking of internal waves and the fila mentation of vorticity interfaces. Despite recent theoretical and observational progress towards a more complete understanding of wave breaking, mathematical descriptions of its onset and consequences are presently lacking. The aim of this Symposium was to bring together theoretical and observational expertise, with the goal of determining the current state of knowledge of wave breaking and providing a stimulus to future research. The Symposium focused on water waves of all scales from capillary waves to ocean swell, but also considered internal waves and the filamentation of vorticity interfaces. Specific topics included were: Fundamental theoretical studies; wave instabilities; routes to breaking. Models of wave breaking. Field observations, including statistical information. Laboratory studies. Shoaling waves, breaking waves on currents, breaking induced by the motion of a ship.
Book Synopsis Numerical Modeling of Sea Waves by : Dmitry V. Chalikov
Download or read book Numerical Modeling of Sea Waves written by Dmitry V. Chalikov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-25 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a novel approach to wave theory, this book applies mathematical modeling to the investigation of sea waves. It presents problems, solutions and methods, and explores issues such as statistical properties of sea waves, generation of turbulence, Benjamin-Feir instability and the development of wave fields under the action of wind. Special attention is paid to the processes of dynamic wind-wave interaction, the formation of freak waves, as well as the role that sea waves play in the dynamic ocean/atmosphere system. It presents theoretical results which are followed by a description of the algorithms used in the development of wave forecasting models, and provides illustrations to assist understanding of the various models presented. This book provides an invaluable resource to oceanographers, specialists in fluid dynamics and advanced students interested in investigation of the widely known but poorly investigated phenomenon of sea waves.
Book Synopsis Rotating Hydraulics by : Lawrence L.J. Pratt
Download or read book Rotating Hydraulics written by Lawrence L.J. Pratt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-26 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book thoroughly covers the development of the theory of rotating hydraulics, making frequent use of supporting laboratory models and observational data. The need to understand rotating hydraulic phenomena is growing as general interest in climate and global circulation is continuously increasing. The book details cutting-edge research and includes many exercises.
