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Agriculture Productivity Growth In Brazilian Micro Regions
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Book Synopsis Agriculture Productivity Growth in Brazilian Micro-regions by : Alexandre Ywata de Carvalho
Download or read book Agriculture Productivity Growth in Brazilian Micro-regions written by Alexandre Ywata de Carvalho and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Brazilian agricultural market is a key source of government revenues. Therefore, many studies are being done to assess the sector's productivity gain over time. However, the regional analysis of agricultural productivity still is not investigated. This work focuses on mapping the gain of agricultural productivity in Brazil in the years 1990-2012 by micro-region. After an overview of the behavior of productivity in the major regions, will be studied the ten major crops relative to the production value. The soybean, sugar cane, corn, coffee, cotton, cassava, rice, orange, bean and tobacco leaf crops accounted, on average between 2010 and 2012, 83.5% of national production. These 23 years will be divided into two periods, justified by the existing economic outlook at the time: from 1990 to 2000 and 2001 to 2012. These two periods are compared in order to analyze the evolution of productivity over the years.
Book Synopsis Productivity Convergence in Brazil by : Eduardo C. Magalhaes
Download or read book Productivity Convergence in Brazil written by Eduardo C. Magalhaes and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In recent years, Brazil has become a considerable player in agricultural markets for a number of commodities. Such agricultural growth in Brazil has largely been the result of gains in productivity over the last several decades. Still, there remain some sub-national regions and states that lag behind in both agricultural productivity and levels of per capita income. In this paper, we investigate whether technological spillovers in agriculture have reached the poorer or less productive regions with focus on the evolution and patterns of land productivity. To assess such spillovers, we examine three cereal crops: maize, rice and wheat, as these crops are grown by commercial and subsistence farmers throughout the country. We first apply a generalized entropy (GE) method to assess whether inequality in productivity has changed over time. The entropy analysis indicates that the trends for overall entropy did not increase over time for all three crops. Moreover, declining trends in between-group inequality were observed for maize and wheat and remained constant for rice. This result suggests that yields in less productive micro-regions, indeed, have grown faster than yields in more productive micro-regions, at least in the case of maize and wheat. Next, two types of econometric estimations are used to measure whether convergence has occurred in yields of the three crops. The econometric findings are consistent with the GE results and suggest that conditional convergence has occurred in all three crops, which demonstrates that yields in less productive regions converge to those in productive regions, given the control of other factors. However, the process has been rather slow." --from authors' abstract.
Book Synopsis Agriculture and Industry in Brazil by : Albert Fishlow
Download or read book Agriculture and Industry in Brazil written by Albert Fishlow and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture and Industry in Brazil is a study of the economics of Brazilian agriculture and industry, with a special focus on the importance of innovation to productivity growth. Albert Fishlow and José Eustáquio Ribeiro Vieira Filho examine technological change in Brazil, highlighting the role of public policy in building institutions and creating an innovation-oriented environment. Fishlow and Vieira Filho tackle the theme of innovation from various angles. They contrast the relationship between state involvement and the private sector in key parts of the Brazilian economy and compare agricultural expansion with growth in the oil and aviation sectors. Fishlow and Vieira Filho argue that modern agriculture is a knowledge-intensive industry and its success in Brazil stems from public institution building. They demonstrate how research has played a key role in productivity growth, showing how prudent innovation policies can leverage knowledge not only within a particular company but also across whole sectors of the economy. The book discusses whether and how Brazil can serve as a model for other middle-income countries eager to achieve higher growth and a more egalitarian distribution of income. An important contribution to comparative, international, and development economics, Agriculture and Industry in Brazil shows how the public success in agriculture became a prototype for advance elsewhere.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Productivity Among Brazilian Regions - 1970-1995 by : Emerson Marinho
Download or read book Agricultural Productivity Among Brazilian Regions - 1970-1995 written by Emerson Marinho and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article analyzes total productivity, technical efficiency and technological change of agricultural GDP of Brazilian regions in the period 1970-1995, using Malmquist total productivity index and the model of sthocastic metaproduction frontier. The estimated production frontiers were used to calculate production elasticities, potential growth of regional productivity and the variation in the index of total productivity of Malmquist, which is decomposed in the indexes of efficiency change and technological change. Based on the estimated coefficients of the model it was verified that investiment in capital lower banking expenditures (interest and bank rates) and greater participation of public fundings to finance such an activity could contribute to the reduction of technical inefficiencies in agriculture. The estimated potential productivity ratios indicate that the Southeast region is the most productive; moreover these gains were explained more by tecnological variation than technical efficiency variation.
Book Synopsis The Economics and Organization of Brazilian Agriculture by : Fabio Chaddad
Download or read book The Economics and Organization of Brazilian Agriculture written by Fabio Chaddad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-11 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics and Organization of Brazilian Agriculture: Recent Evolution and Productivity Gains presents insights on Brazilian agriculture and its impressive gains in productivity and international competitiveness, also providing insightful examples for global policymakers. In Brazil, as in many countries, many economists and policymakers believe that agriculture is a traditional, low-tech sector that crowds out the development of other economic sectors and the country. This book shows that this anti-agriculture bias is ill-informed, and with population growth, rising incomes, urbanization and diet changes – especially in developing countries like China and India – on the rise, the demand for food is expected to double in the next 40 years. Brazil has the natural resources, technology and management systems in place to benefit from this expected growth in food consumption and trade. Through real-world examples, the book shows how other low-latitude countries with tropical climate and soils like Brazil – especially in sub-Saharan Africa – can benefit from the agricultural technology, production, and management systems developed in Brazil. Case studies in each of three key categories, including technology, resource management, and effective government programs provide valuable insights into effective decision-making to maximize the effect of each. - Provides important and practical insights into achievable agricultural options via case studies - Addresses the use of natural resources, technological advances, and management systems to create viable, adaptive economic growth - Applies lessons learned in Brazil to improving both economic and ecological resource-sustainable agriculture for other regions and countries
Book Synopsis Productivity of Brazilian Agriculture by : Carlos A. Arnade
Download or read book Productivity of Brazilian Agriculture written by Carlos A. Arnade and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Productivity Convergence in Brazil: The Case of Grain Production by : Eduardo Magalhaes, Xinshen Diao
Download or read book Productivity Convergence in Brazil: The Case of Grain Production written by Eduardo Magalhaes, Xinshen Diao and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agricultural Development in Brazil by : Antonio M. Buainain
Download or read book Agricultural Development in Brazil written by Antonio M. Buainain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few decades, Brazilian agriculture has experienced a seismic transformation, and its contradictory facets have fed different and opposing narratives regarding recent changes. This book covers these changes, exploring the issues from several empirical and analytical angles, including the role of agriculture in the contemporary Brazilian economy, the dynamics of Brazilian agricultural value chains, environmental challenges and the processes of social differentiation. Brazilian agriculture continues to be viewed in the international literature, either through the lenses of the past century – those of former problems relating to land use and land tenure – or apologetically. This collection of essays aims at updating the current interpretations, providing objective accounting of the main transformations, its determinants, results, contradictions and limitations. As it covers the most relevant traits of Brazilian agricultural and rural development, the book will provide the reader with an encompassing view of contemporary Brazilian agriculture, including the positive and negative sides of the so-called tropical agriculture revolution. It highlights the tremendous economic potential as well as the continuing structural heterogeneity, concentration of production and marginalization of millions of small farmers. Written in an engaging and accessible style, this book will be perfect for all those interested in learning about Brazilian agriculture. It will be of particular interest to undergraduate and graduate students of economic development, agricultural economics, rural sociology, comparative economic development, rural development and agricultural policies.
Book Synopsis Agriculture in Brazil's Southeast Region by : César Nunes de Castro
Download or read book Agriculture in Brazil's Southeast Region written by César Nunes de Castro and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the recent dynamism of the Brazilian agricultural sector occurred in activities developed in Brazil's South, Southeast and Midwest regions. Specifically, the Southeast region was responsible in 2006 for approximately 34% of the value of agricultural production according to data from the 2006 Agricultural Census. The aim of this study is to assess the recent situation of agriculture in the Southeast, based on data from the 2006 Agricultural Census. Based on this diagnosis, the study aims to identify constraints to agricultural development in the region and discuss measures that can contribute to the expansion of regional agricultural production with the generation of jobs and income for the population. Among these may be mentioned some measures: improvement in logistics infrastructure; social development of rural areas through mechanisms of generating income for family farmers; the agricultural research in the region needs to provide solutions for further development of farming, promotion of productive associations, among others.
Book Synopsis Productivity and Technical Change in Brazilian Agriculture by : Carlos A. Arnade
Download or read book Productivity and Technical Change in Brazilian Agriculture written by Carlos A. Arnade and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Comparison and Evaluation of Agricultural Productivity Growth by : Nicholas E. Rada
Download or read book International Comparison and Evaluation of Agricultural Productivity Growth written by Nicholas E. Rada and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-run food price changes respond to long-run changes in food demand, quasi-fixed and variable production factors, and agricultural productivity. Recent global food-price volatility puts a renewed spotlight on the trends and sources of any agricultural productivity growth. Because food prices' most critical effects are on human hunger, it is especially important to examine productivity conditions in newly emerging economies. Two such economies evaluated in this dissertation are Indonesia and Brazil. As agriculture's share of the Indonesian economy declines in the post-Green Revolution era, government attention increasingly has shifted to the industrial sector and away from agriculture. In light of these trends, we use province-level data and a multi-output frontier distance function approach to estimate product-specific productivity change on Indonesian farms, decomposing it into its technical-change and efficiency-change components. We find, at a 1.4% annual growth rate, that technical change has been modest and that little of this growth can be ascribed to government research efforts. Furthermore, average farm efficiency relative to the best-practice frontier has declined 0.4% per annum, so that mean productivity has risen by only 1% per year. Over-centralization of the agricultural research system may partly account for this poor performance. Brazil now is the largest coffee, sugar, and fruit juice producer, second-largest soybean and beef producer, and third-largest corn and broiler producer. It has overtaken the U.S. in poultry exports, nearly matches the U.S. in soybean exports, and dominates global trade in frozen orange juice. To test and better understand these advances, we draw on decennial farm censuses to examine technical change and efficiency in Brazilian agriculture. Our approach is to estimate a stochastic, multi-product, output distance frontier, using a translog functional form and data disaggregated to the micro-region (sub-state) level. Using two consecutive decennial farm censuses, we combine state-level Fisher productivity-change indexes with state-level translog distance function estimates of growth technical efficiency to impute state-level technical shifts. We find, leading up to the soon-to-be-released 2006 agricultural census, that Brazil's multi-factor productivity growth rate between 1985 and 1996 was 20.2%. Mean state-level growth efficiency was 91.2%, implying the production frontier expanded 22.2% over the reference time period.
Book Synopsis Agriculture Productivity Growth in Brazil by : Diego Arias
Download or read book Agriculture Productivity Growth in Brazil written by Diego Arias and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The industrialization process in Brazil begun in the 1960s and intensified in the 1970s, however the expected productivity growth of the overall economy and structural transformation did not happen. Since the end of the 1970s, the Brazilian labor productivity has been lower than many similar economies, currently representing around one fourth of the average labor productivity in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. One of the reasons for the weak productivity performance of the Brazilian economy in the past decades has been the manufacturing sector. Between 2000-2013, agriculture productivity rose by 105.6 percent, compared to only 11.7 percent in the services sector and -5.5 percent in the manufacturing sector. This report will focus mainly on policies related to key production factors (such as human, physical, and natural capital) and agriculture policies. The motivation for this report is to explore the evolution and source of the strong agriculture productivity growth that has occurred in Brazil in recent decades, identifying opportunities and challenges for future development of the sector. The goal is to look for opportunities to accelerate agriculture productivity growth, to have an increased impact on sector growth, jobs, environmental sustainability, and poverty reduction, as well as potentially to shed light on lessons that can contribute to efforts to boost productivity in other sectors within Brazil. The report is divided into five sections. Section one give introduction; section two describes the evolution and sources of agriculture productivity growth in recent years; section three evaluates the contributions of different factors of production, such as natural, human, and physical capital; section four explores the opportunities for further maximizing agriculture growth in Brazil through increases in productivity; and section five presents conclusions and policy recommendations on how to further maximize agriculture productivity in Brazil while having positive social (poverty reduction and jobs) and environmental impacts.
Book Synopsis Spatial Differences Between Family and Non-Family Farming in Brazilian Agriculture by : Carlos José C. Bacha
Download or read book Spatial Differences Between Family and Non-Family Farming in Brazilian Agriculture written by Carlos José C. Bacha and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazilian agriculture has grown enormously during the past three decades. An interesting aspect of this growth is the respective roles of family and non-family farming, and the seeming importance of this distinction to Brazilian agricultural policy, reflected in the existence of separate agencies in Federal Government with responsibility for each sector. The paper presents multivariate and spatial analyses examining the family and non-family farming sectors to try to quantify how different they actually are. It employs factor analysis to compare both sectors (family and non-family farming) by homogeneous micro-region in terms of productivity, degree of mechanization, intensity of labour use, and investment. The results show that both sectors are not structurally different to each other; both have been administrated according to the same broad agricultural policies, both are overwhelmingly market-oriented, and both tend to cleave to regional differences rather than being importantly different to each other.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Agricultural Economics by : Robert E. Evenson
Download or read book Handbook of Agricultural Economics written by Robert E. Evenson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-20 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in agriculture offer many countries the best and only chance of reducing poverty. Yet economic growth and population increases are driving higher demand for food and rising real prices. What solutions have successfully promoted agriculture? This volume examines national and international food agriculture policies and how they enhance agricultural productivity growth. It provides unique historical reviews on policies and their effects, and it clearly articulates both positive and negative lessons for promoting agriculture lead growth. With chapters written by international authorities, this book recognizes that agriculture is not just about providing food for today, but about growing it in an environmentally sustainable way that can help people work their ways out of poverty.Chapters cover international macro-economic policies and trade, farm structure in developing countries, regional experiences in agriculture, and regional studies on agricultural productivity policies.
Book Synopsis Sources of Regional Differences in Productivity in Brazilian Agriculture by : Robert L. Thompson
Download or read book Sources of Regional Differences in Productivity in Brazilian Agriculture written by Robert L. Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Total Factor Productivity Growth in Brazilian Agriculture and the Role of Agricultural Research by : A.F.D. Avila
Download or read book Total Factor Productivity Growth in Brazilian Agriculture and the Role of Agricultural Research written by A.F.D. Avila and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ninety-nine Fazendas by : William Hord Nicholls
Download or read book Ninety-nine Fazendas written by William Hord Nicholls and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic research report on the structure and productivity of agriculture in Southern Brazil - includes historical and geographical aspects of the region, and covers major trends in land tenure, population density, labour supply of rural workers, cultivation techniques, livestock and agricultural production, farm income and investments, rural area transportation developments, etc. Maps, references and statistical tables.
