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Agriculture In Iraq During The 3rd 9th Century
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Book Synopsis Sugar in the Social Life of Medieval Islam by : Tsugitaka Sato
Download or read book Sugar in the Social Life of Medieval Islam written by Tsugitaka Sato and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-01-08 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Sugar in the Social Life of Medieval Islam Tsugitaka Sato explores the actual day-to-day life in medieval Muslim societies through different aspects of sugar. Drawing from a wealth of historical sources - chronicles, geographies, travel accounts, biographies, medical and pharmacological texts, and more - he describes sugarcane cultivation, sugar production, the sugar trade, and sugar’s use as a sweetener, a medicine, and a symbol of power. He gives us a new perspective on the history of the Middle East, as well as the history of sugar across the world. This book is a posthumous work by a leading scholar of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies in Japan who made many contributions to this field.
Book Synopsis State and Rural Society in Medieval Islam by : Tsugitaka Sato
Download or read book State and Rural Society in Medieval Islam written by Tsugitaka Sato and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the evolution of Islamic state and society from the 10th to the 14th centuries, focusing on the history of the Arab society under the iqṭā‘ (allocated tax revenue) system. The book offers a well documented study of the system with its use of hitherto unpublished Arabic manuscripts. The introductory chapter deals with the historical origins of the iqṭā‘ system, while chapters that follow discuss the history of the system in Iraq, Syria and Egypt, including systematic studies on the rural life and peasantry in Egypt. State and Rural Society in Medieval Islam is the first thorough, book-length study to show how this system may explain various historical phenomena in medieval Islam. The iqṭā‘ system now can be seen as a system with a comprehensive life of its own.
Download or read book Iraq written by C. H. Bleaney and published by Oxford, England : Clio Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a modern state, Iraq has experienced an unhappy history. Most recently it became the focus of attention after it occupied Kuwait in 1990. In antiquity the area was home to the Mesopotamian civilizations of the Sumerians and Babylonians. In later centuries, Iraq became the battleground over which the Persian state and Turkish empire struggled for supremacy. Great Britain occupied Mesopotamia during the First World War, and the modern state of Iraq was created in the 1920s. This revised bibliography includes works on Iraq's modern history and ancient Mesopotamian history and archaeology.
Book Synopsis A History of Market Performance by : R.J. Van der Spek
Download or read book A History of Market Performance written by R.J. Van der Spek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting new volume examines the development of market performance from Antiquity until the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. Efficient market structures are agreed by most economists to serve as evidence of economic prosperity, and to be prerequisites for further economic growth. However, this is the first study to examine market performance as a whole, over such a large time period. Presenting a hitherto unknown and inaccessible corpus of data from ancient Babylonia, this international set of contributors are for the first time able to offer an in-depth study of market performance over a period of 2,500 years. The contributions focus on the market of staple crops, as they were crucial goods in these societies. Over this entire period, all papers provide a similar conceptual and methodological framework resting on a common definition of market performance combined with qualitative and quantitative analyses resting on new and improved price data. In this way, the book is able to combine analysis of the Babylonian period with similar work on the Roman, Early-and Late Medieval and Early Modern period. Bringing together input from assyriologists, ancient historians, economic historians and economists, this volume will be crucial reading for all those with an interest in ancient history, economic history and economics.
Book Synopsis Handbook to Life in the Medieval World, 3-Volume Set by : Madeleine Pelner Cosman
Download or read book Handbook to Life in the Medieval World, 3-Volume Set written by Madeleine Pelner Cosman and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 987 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capturing the essence of life in great civilizations of the past, each volume in the
Book Synopsis Abbasid Studies IV by : Monique Bernards
Download or read book Abbasid Studies IV written by Monique Bernards and published by Gibb Memorial Trust. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after their successful revolution in 750 AD, the Abb?sids supplanted the Umayyad dynasty, built the new city of Baghdad, Iraq which became the capital of the Islamic Empire. The civilization that the Abb?sids helped to create carried forth the torch of knowledge lit by ancient Greece, Rome, Byzantium, and Persia. Adding many of their own unique contributions, the Abb?sid dynasty left an indelible mark on the history of humankind. This current selection of ?Abb?sid Studies presents a colourful mosaic of new research into classical Arabic texts that sheds light on significant historical, political, cultural and religious aspects of the ?Abb?sid era and provides insight into how the fundamentals of philology are shaped. Wonderful vistas of ancient dreams open up while ?Abb?sid armies clatter and collide; images are conjured of murderous caliphs, foreign looking littérateurs and talking objects. We see a lively self portrait of a scholar struggling with the presentation of his own image and a Persian courtier on exploratory missions around the globe obtaining eyewitness testimony of the wonders of the world. We learn of magic pools, all-seeing mirrors, the kidnapping of a lute-playing shepherd; a Baghdadi party-pooper at an Isfahani social gathering monopolising all participants with an amazing speech until the narrator drunkenly passes out on the floor, and much more. ?Abb?sid Studies IV is the latest contribution to the new series of The Occasional Papers of the School of ?Abb?sid Studies. The contributors to this book are David Bennett, Amikam Elad, Antonella Ghersetti, Joseph Lowry, Letizia Osti, Ignacio Sanchez, Emily Selove, John Turner, Johan Weststeijn, and Travis Zadeh.
Book Synopsis Historical Research for University Degrees in the United Kingdom by : University of London. Institute of Historical Research
Download or read book Historical Research for University Degrees in the United Kingdom written by University of London. Institute of Historical Research and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Production and the Exploitation of Resources by : Michael G. Morony
Download or read book Production and the Exploitation of Resources written by Michael G. Morony and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, together with its companion Manufacturing and Labour, examines the economic basis of the early Islamic world, looking at the organization of extractive and agricultural operations, manufacturing processes and labour relations. Mining, stock raising, agriculture and irrigation are the themes of this volume. The work is based on both literary sources and archaeology, and is concerned with the extraction of raw materials and production based on natural resources and domesticated animals. Some classic articles are included because they defined the issues and deserve to be available due to their continuing significance. These are balanced by state-of-the art studies, and by others translating and commenting on important texts in areas where analytic studies have yet to be carried out. This body of work provides a sense of the intensity of exploitation of natural resources in early Islamic times, of how labour and energy-intensive mining, agriculture and irrigation were, and of the interrelationship of different sectors of the economy.
Book Synopsis A Gateway to Hell, a Gateway to Paradise by : Elizabeth Savage
Download or read book A Gateway to Hell, a Gateway to Paradise written by Elizabeth Savage and published by Darwin Press, Incorporated. This book was released on 1997 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Islamic History by : R. Stephen Humphreys
Download or read book Islamic History written by R. Stephen Humphreys and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will be immensely helpful to those who wish to orient themselves to what has become a very large body of literature on medieval Islamic history. Combining a bibliographic study with an inquiry into method, it opens with a survey of the principal reference tools available to historians of Islam and a systematic review of the sources they will confront. Problems of method are then examined in a series of chapters, each exploring a broad topic in the social and political history of the Middle East and North Africa between A.D. 600 and 1500. The topics selected represent a cross-section of Islamic historical studies, and range from the struggles for power within the early Islamic community to the life of the peasantry. Each chapter pursues four questions. What concrete research problems are likely to be most challenging and productive? What resources do we possess for dealing with these problems? What strategies can we devise to exploit our resources most effectively? What is the current state of the scholarly literature for the topic under study?
Book Synopsis Crop Protection in Medieval Agriculture by : Jan C. Zadoks
Download or read book Crop Protection in Medieval Agriculture written by Jan C. Zadoks and published by Sidestone Press. This book was released on 2013-10-16 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mediterranean and West European pre-modern agriculture (agriculture before 1600) was by necessity ‘organic agriculture’. Crop protection is part and parcel of this agriculture, with weed control in the forefront. Crop protection is embedded in the medieval agronomy text books but specialised sections do occur. Weeds, insects and diseases are described but identification in modern terms is not easy. The pre-modern ‘Crop Portfolio’ is well filled, certainly in the Mediterranean area. The medieval ‘Pest Portfolio’ differs from the modern one because agriculture then was a Low External Input Agriculture, and because the proportion of cultivated to non-cultivated land was drastically lower than today. The pre-modern ‘Control Portfolio’ is surprisingly rich, both in preventive and interventive measures. Prevention was by risk management, intensive tillage, and careful storage. Intervention was mechanical and chemical. Chemical intervention used natural substances such as sulphur, pitch, and ‘botanicals’. Some fifty plant species are mentioned in a crop protection context. Though application methods look rather modern they are typically low-tech. Among them are seed disinfection, spraying, dusting, fumigation, grease banding, wound care, and hand-picking but also scarification, now outdated. The reality of pest outbreaks and other damages is explored as to frequency, intensity, and extent. Information on the practical use of the recommended treatments is scanty. If applied, their effectiveness remains enigmatic. Three medieval agronomists are at the heart of this book, but historical developments in crop protection from early Punic, Greek, and Roman authors to the first modern author are outlined. The readership of these writers was the privileged class of landowners but hints pointing to the exchange of ideas between them and the common peasant were found. Consideration is given to the pre-modern reasoning in matters of crop protection. Comparison of pre-modern crop protection and its counterpart in modern organic agriculture is difficult because of drastic changes in the relation between crop areas and non-crop areas, and because of the great difference in yield levels then and now, with several associated differences.
Book Synopsis Labour in the Medieval Islamic World by : Shatzmiller
Download or read book Labour in the Medieval Islamic World written by Shatzmiller and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an extensive study of labour in the social and economic life of Islamic communities around the Mediterranean in the medieval period, 9th-15th century. Based on a large number of primary and secondary sources, it contains a comprehensive dictionary of trades and occupations practised by both men and women, followed by a statistical and textual examination of the division of labour, the distribution of the labour force, occupational structures and the role of labour in the Islamic economy. It also describes ethnic divisions of labour, social status and image. A group of literary sources yields evidence that Muslim theologians, mystics and philosophers gradually formulated a doctrinal framework for labour. This book will prove a valuable resource for any student of medieval Islamic economic and labour history.
Book Synopsis Continuity and Change in Medieval Persia by : Ann K. S. Lambton
Download or read book Continuity and Change in Medieval Persia written by Ann K. S. Lambton and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuity and often violent change in medieval Persia are revealed in this detailed study of aspects of Persian history during three turbulent centuries (1040-1335 A.D.). An extensive introduction provides the chronological framework for this examination of the vital areas of administrative, economic, and social history. This book is a major contribution from the pen of a scholar whose knowledge of the sources of the history of Islamic Persia and of the country itself is hardly to be matched by any living Western scholar. Lambton provides an astonishing amount of information and also uniquely deep insights into Persian history and society.
Book Synopsis The Invisible Hand? by : Bas van Bavel
Download or read book The Invisible Hand? written by Bas van Bavel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Invisible Hand? offers a radical departure from the conventional wisdom of economists and economic historians, by showing that 'factor markets' and the economies dominated by them — the market economies — are not modern, but have existed at various times in the past. They rise, stagnate, and decline; and consist of very different combinations of institutions embedded in very different societies. These market economies create flexibility and high mobility in the exchange of land, labour, and capital, and initially they generate economic growth, although they also build on existing social structures, as well as existing exchange and allocation systems. The dynamism that results from the rise of factor markets leads to the rise of new market elites who accumulate land and capital, and use wage labour extensively to make their wealth profitable. In the long term, this creates social polarization and a decline of average welfare. As these new elites gradually translate their economic wealth into political leverage, it also creates institutional sclerosis, and finally makes these markets stagnate or decline again. This process is analysed across the three major, pre-industrial examples of successful market economies in western Eurasia: Iraq in the early Middle Ages, Italy in the high Middle Ages, and the Low Countries in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period, and then parallels drawn to England and the United States in the modern period. These areas successively saw a rapid rise of factor markets and the associated dynamism, followed by stagnation, which enables an in-depth investigation of the causes and results of this process.
Download or read book Archivum Ottomanicum written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Slavery in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia by : William D. Phillips
Download or read book Slavery in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia written by William D. Phillips and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slavery in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia provides a sweeping survey of the many forms of bound labor in Iberia from ancient times to the decline of slavery in the eighteenth century.
Book Synopsis Medieval Exegesis and Religious Difference by : Ryan Szpiech
Download or read book Medieval Exegesis and Religious Difference written by Ryan Szpiech and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jews, Christians, and Muslims all have a common belief in the sanctity of a core holy scripture, and commentary on scripture (exegesis) was at the heart of all three traditions in the Middle Ages. At the same time, because it dealt with issues such as the nature of the canon, the limits of acceptable interpretation, and the meaning of salvation history from the perspective of faith, exegesis was elaborated in the Middle Ages along the faultlines of interconfessional disputation and polemical conflict. This collection of thirteen essays by world-renowned scholars of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam explores the nature of exegesis during the High and especially the Late Middle Ages as a discourse of cross-cultural and interreligious conflict, paying particular attention to the commentaries of scholars in the western and southern Mediterranean from Iberia and Italy to Morocco and Egypt. Unlike other comparative studies of religion, this collection is not a chronological history or an encyclopedic guide. Instead, it presents essays in four conceptual clusters (“Writing on the Borders of Islam,” “Jewish-Christian Conflict,” “The Intellectual Activity of the Dominican Order,” and “Gender”) that explore medieval exegesis as a vehicle for the expression of communal or religious identity, one that reflects shared or competing notions of sacred history and sacred text. This timely book will appeal to scholars and lay readers alike and will be essential reading for students of comparative religion, historians charting the history of religious conflict in the medieval Mediterranean, and all those interested in the intersection of Jewish, Christian, and Muslim beliefs and practices.
