Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Aggregation State And Removal Of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles In Aqueous Systems
Download Aggregation State And Removal Of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles In Aqueous Systems full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Aggregation State And Removal Of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles In Aqueous Systems ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Aggregation State and Removal of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Systems by : Surawanvijitn Sirikarn
Download or read book Aggregation State and Removal of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Systems written by Surawanvijitn Sirikarn and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Complex Environments by : Irem Bahanur Ustunol
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Complex Environments written by Irem Bahanur Ustunol and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscience and nanotechnology are research areas that have shown great promise towards addressing clean and sustainable energy, environmental protection, and human health. Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in various applications, including removing pollutants from contaminated water, tracking cancer cell growth, targeted drug delivery. These nanoparticles are highly reactive, and their abundance in the environment brings potential concerns to their exposure, leading to increased interactions with biomolecules that have impactful environmental and health effects. Ecological systems have multi-components, including natural organic matter, oxyanions, and biological macromolecules; biological systems also contain complexity as proteins and nutrients can all be found at the nanomaterial-water interface upon nanoparticle exposure. Although significant research has been pursued on the surface transformations of metal oxide nanoparticles, multi-component adsorption kinetics, changes in adsorbate structure, and the impacts on the nanomaterial properties in complex environments remain unclear. Once nanoparticles are introduced in complex aqueous biological and environmental systems, proteins adsorb onto their surfaces and form a dynamic layer termed "corona." Newly occurred corona may change the nanoparticle interfacial state and its biological and ecological identity. If altered, the new identity influences the nanoparticle fate within the surrounding complex media. Details of protein and amino acid (building block of proteins) interactions with nanoparticles and substantial structural change on nanoparticle surfaces remain unclear. These processes can be affected by various factors due to the complexities of nano-bio surface interactions. Therefore, it is necessary to study multiple parameters individually, and a systematic study on the impacts of influential factors on the adsorption at the nano-bio interface is strongly desired. The research presented in this dissertation pursues a greater understanding of metal oxide nanoparticle characterizations, implications, and biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions from studies of amino acid and protein adsorption. Nanoparticle- and environmental-related factors, including effects of pH, nanoparticle-type, biomolecule concentration, pre-adsorbed phosphate and lipopolysaccharides, and nanoparticle production in a workplace environment (occupational health study), were investigated. We studied the influencing factors of the complex environment individually to examine each aspect in detail. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), as well as various microscopic and spectroscopic tools, were employed to help better understand the impact of these factors. In this dissertation, adsorption of [alpha]-amino acids, lysine, glutamic acid, glycine, and serine, onto TiO2 nanoparticles in buffered solutions was determined. The predominant molecular surface species and the adsorption affinity were highly pH-dependent. Adsorption of lysine and glycine were increased proportionally with changes in pH, whereas glutamic acid adsorption decreased with increasing pH. We attributed these differences to the functional groups of different species and the TiO2 surface charge at each pH. Furthermore, the effects of nanoparticle type and amino acid concentration on the mechanisms of amino acids, lysine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine, adsorption on [alpha]-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were investigated. The detailed chemistry in the adsorption processes implied the formation of outer-sphere and inner-sphere complex differences between different nanomaterials. Combined in-situ ATR-FTIR and curve-fitting provides insights and a greater understanding of changes in secondary structures of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and [beta]-lactoglobulin ([beta]-LG) upon adsorbed onto [alpha]-Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the presence and absence of co-adsorbed phosphate. The results indicated that structural changes were time-dependent, and the existence of pre-adsorbed phosphate influenced adsorption and desorption kinetics. An additional part of this work showed that pre-adsorbed lipopolysaccharide additionally played a role in the interaction of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) adsorbed onto [alpha]-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. In agreement with the [beta]-LG adsorption, a significant change in Amide I/II ratio was observed for adsorbed IgG, indicating changes in the protein secondary structure compared to the solution phase. Deconvolution analyses revealed that the [alpha]-helix content of the adsorbed IgG was higher than the unbound conformation in the presence of lipopolysaccharides. Moreover, to complement our understanding of protein and amino acid adsorption, we also investigated airborne nanoparticle presence in different production sites in an occupational health study. Identified nanoparticles in these settings were characterized by two forms: sub-micrometer fractal-like agglomerates from activities such as welding; and super-micrometer particles (nanoparticle collectors) with nanoparticles coagulated on their surfaces. These agglomerates were proposed to affect deposition and transport inside the respiratory system. The respirable incidental nanoparticles would have corresponding health implications regarding their primary and/or secondary sites of uptake. Overall, the research in this dissertation provides essential insights into understanding the behavior of metal oxide nanoparticles in complex environments. Studies on amino acid and protein adsorption, along with the detailed characterization of the nano-bio interface with spectroscopic and microscopic methods, allowed us to understand the effects of a multitude of influences on biomolecule-nanoparticle surface interactions.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Green Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials by : Garg, Rajni
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Green Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials written by Garg, Rajni and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-01-14 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials can be synthesized by physical, chemical, and biological methods; however, the latter technique is preferred as it is eco-friendly, non-toxic, and cost-effective. The green synthesized nanomaterials have been found to be more efficient with potential applications in diverse fields. It is crucial to explore green synthesized nanomaterials and the applications that can be made in order to support water remediation, pharmaceuticals, food processing, construction, and more. The Handbook of Research on Green Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials provides a multidisciplinary approach to the awareness of using non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economical green techniques for the synthesis of various nanomaterials, as well as their applications across a variety of fields. Covering topics such as antimicrobial applications, environmental remediation, and green synthesis, this book acts as a thorough reference for engineers, nanotechnology professionals, academicians, students, scientists, and researchers pursuing research in the nanotechnology field.
Book Synopsis CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology by : Boris Ildusovich Kharisov
Download or read book CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology written by Boris Ildusovich Kharisov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 1203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology sets the standard against which all other references of this nature are measured. As such, it is a major resource for both skilled professionals and novices to nanotechnology.The book examines the design, application, and utilization of devices, techniques, and technologies critical to research at the
Book Synopsis Application and Behavior of Nanomaterials in Water Treatment by : Protima Rauwel
Download or read book Application and Behavior of Nanomaterials in Water Treatment written by Protima Rauwel and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book compiles scientific articles describing advances in nanomaterial synthesis and their application in water remediation. The publications treat diverse problems such as dye degradation, heavy metal ion, as well as radioactive element capture and sequestration. There are 10 original research articles and one review article. The latter proposes graphene/CNT and Prussian blue nanocomposites for radioactive 137-cesium extraction from aqueous media. All reports thoroughly characterize the nanomaterials post-synthesis and describe their catalytic, photocatalytic, or ion exchange activities in contaminated water. The dyes studied in the collection are azo dyes, i.e. methylene blue and orange, rhodamine B, phenolic dyes viz. bromophenol blue, and other dyes with sulfonyl groups. Extraction of radioactive elements, including cationic 137Cs+ and anionic 125I−, is also investigated. The omnipresence of ZnO nanoparticles in everyday products and their effects in wastewater are also evaluated. Layered double hydroxide are capable of capturing Ag ions, which then has a catalytic effect on dye degradation. The nanomaterials considered are varied, viz., graphene, CNT, Prussian blue, nanoporous carbon, layered double hydroxides, magnetite, ferrites, organic powders, polymer membranes, bacteria, and inorganic nanomaterials such as MnO and Ag. The book targets an interdisciplinary readership.
Book Synopsis Nanocatalysis by : Vanesa Calvino-Casilda
Download or read book Nanocatalysis written by Vanesa Calvino-Casilda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis and design of new nanocatalysts is an important area of research that aims to introduce multiple types of useful applications in a greener market. The necessity of nanostructuring the active sites has emerged as the key point in a successful design of the catalysts. The book covers the progress in this research area done in the last ten years. It includes the classification of catalysts and structure of active sites at the nanoscale. The book covers examples to present the concept, evolution of nanocatalysts from the perspective of chemistry of materials and their applications.
Book Synopsis Particle Deposition and Aggregation by : M. Elimelech
Download or read book Particle Deposition and Aggregation written by M. Elimelech and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-08-07 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deposition and aggregation of small solid particles are encountered in many natural and industrial environments. Whether it be deposition of particles onto a surface immersed in a liquid suspension or aggregateion of individual particles, these processes are of enotmous significance. They are vital to the manufacture of magnetic tape, purification of water using packed bed filters, selective capture of solids, cells and macromolecular species, and many other applications. This book presents a unified approach to the measurement, modelling and simulation of these processes, bringing together the disciplines of colliod and surface chemistry, hydrodynamics, and experimental and computational methods. It will be required reading for graduates working in process and environmental engineering, postgraduates involved in industrial R & D and for all scientists wishing to gain a more detailed and realistic understanding of process conditions in these areas.
Book Synopsis Toxicology of Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials in Human, Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems by : Marc A. Williams
Download or read book Toxicology of Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials in Human, Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems written by Marc A. Williams and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-06-27 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicology of Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials in Human, Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems An indispensable compendium detailing the toxicology of nanoparticles with a focus on mechanisms, emerging issues, and new approaches Toxicology of Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials in Human, Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems provides authoritative information on the toxicology of ultrafine and nanoparticulate matter that contaminate terrestrial or aquatic environments and present unique challenges in applied public health and toxicological research. Detailed chapters by a panel of world-renowned experts examine the complementary and dynamic interdependence of aquatic, terrestrial, and human systems and the toxicological impacts on exposure to engineered and manufactured nanoparticles and nanomaterials. Organized into four sections, the book opens with a thorough overview of the field, including known challenges and the necessity for current research activity. The second section describes terrestrial and aquatic systems and the ecotoxicological impact of nanomaterials, followed by critical analysis of the many human health effects of nanomaterials. The book concludes with an in-depth discussion of current gaps in knowledge, future directions, new approach methodologies, alternatives to animal models, and the emerging environmental threat from nanoplastics. Presenting case exemplars of the ecotoxicological impact of nanoparticles in aquatic and terrestrial systems, this important resource: Presents in-depth coverage of ecosafety, environmental behavior, fate and transport, interactive effects with other contaminants, and current challenges in soil nano-ecotoxicology Addresses rising concerns regarding air pollution and neurological disorders, and the roles played by the gastrointestinal system, the mucosal microbiome, and the immunotoxicology and vasculotoxicity of metal-based nanoparticles Provides detailed coverage of nanomaterial health effects from both animal and in vitro models, including the gut microbiome, innate immunity, neurological and cardiovascular impacts, mechanisms of action, and hazard characterization Analyzes key topics in ecological nanotoxicology such as environmental micro- and nano-plastic pollution and applied risk assessment Toxicology of Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials in Human, Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems is essential reading for toxicologists, applied biologists, ecotoxicologists, research scientists, medical professionals, regulators, and advanced students in fields such as public health, environmental ecotoxicology and medicine, immunotoxicology, neurotoxicology, cardiovascular and systems biology, hazard identification, and risk assessment.
Book Synopsis Transport, Deposition and Aggregation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Saturated Granular Porous Media by : Adamo Petosa
Download or read book Transport, Deposition and Aggregation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Saturated Granular Porous Media written by Adamo Petosa and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonetheless, heightened nCeO2 and nCAP particle retention and dynamic transport behavior was observed with increasing divalent salt concentrations and in natural groundwater. Moreover, enhanced particle retention was encountered in loamy sand in comparison to quartz sand. Finally, the nCAPs proved to be a good surrogate particle for the PAA-coated nCeO2. These findings illustrate the importance of considering the extent and type of particle surface modification when investigating metal oxide contamination potential in granular aquatic environments. Furthermore, the results obtained emphasize the need to consider the nature of the granular medium, along with the water chemistry, when evaluating ENM contamination risks. " --
Book Synopsis Metal, Metal-Oxides and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Environmental Remediation by : Saravanan Rajendran
Download or read book Metal, Metal-Oxides and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Environmental Remediation written by Saravanan Rajendran and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews principles, techniques and applications of metal, metal oxides, metal sulfides and metal-organic frameworks for removal and degradation of pollutants. Natural materials are often much more advanced than synthetic materials in terms of circularity and are functional, often biodegradable, recyclable and generate little waste. They are, therefore, a source of inspiration for new synthetic materials. In particular, recent research has focused on various types of functional materials such as organic, inorganic, nanostructured and composites for the remediation of environmental pollution.
Book Synopsis Nanocomposites for Pollution Control by : Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
Download or read book Nanocomposites for Pollution Control written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocomposites present outstanding mechanical properties and compatibility owing to their composite matrix and unique physical and chemical composition provided by large surface-area-to-volume ratios and high interfacial reactivity. Freedom to functionalize nanocomposites with various chemical groups increases their affinity toward target pollutants, which is highly desirable for the selective extraction of target analytes in complex environmental matrixes. This book presents the recent progress in the field of nanocomposites and their properties, fabrication methods, and applications for pollution control and sensing. It discusses the advances in pollution control techniques made possible because of nanocomposites and focuses on environment-friendly and efficient approaches. The text also covers economic, toxicological, and regulatory issues and research trends.
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials for the Detection and Removal of Wastewater Pollutants by : Barbara Bonelli
Download or read book Nanomaterials for the Detection and Removal of Wastewater Pollutants written by Barbara Bonelli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials for the Detection and Removal of Wastewater Pollutants assesses the role of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in improving both the detection and removal of inorganic and organic contaminants from wastewater that originates from municipal and industrial plants. The book covers how nanotechnology is being used to remove common contaminants, including dyes, chlorinated solvents, nitrites/nitrates, and emerging contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products and pesticides. Sections cover nanofiltration, adsorption and remediation. Nanomaterial immobilization recovery is also addressed, along with the quantification of heat/mass transport limitations, sizing aspects and transport phenomena. Finally, regulatory aspects regarding contaminants and nanoparticles in the environment are covered. This book is an important resource for both materials scientists and environmental scientists looking to see how nanotechnology can play a role in making wastewater a less hazardous part of the global ecosystem. - Addresses the role of new nanotechnology-based solutions for the detection and removal of common and emerging contaminants - Discusses the environmental impact of nanoparticles used in wastewater contaminant detection and removal - Explores the major challenges for using nanomaterials to detect and remove contaminants from wastewater
Book Synopsis Intelligent Environmental Data Monitoring for Pollution Management by : Siddhartha Bhattacharyya
Download or read book Intelligent Environmental Data Monitoring for Pollution Management written by Siddhartha Bhattacharyya and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent Environmental Data Monitoring for Pollution Management discusses evolving novel intelligent algorithms and their applications in the area of environmental data-centric systems guided by batch process-oriented data. Thus, the book ushers in a new era as far as environmental pollution management is concerned. It reviews the fundamental concepts of gathering, processing and analyzing data from batch processes, followed by a review of intelligent tools and techniques which can be used in this direction. In addition, it discusses novel intelligent algorithms for effective environmental pollution data management that are on par with standards laid down by the World Health Organization. - Introduces novel intelligent techniques needed to address environmental pollution for the well-being of the global environment - Offers perspectives on the design, development and commissioning of intelligent applications - Provides reviews on the latest intelligent technologies and algorithms related to state-of-the-art methodologies surrounding the monitoring and mitigation of environmental pollution - Puts forth insights on future generation intelligent pollution monitoring techniques
Book Synopsis The Formation and Aggregation of Iron Oxyhydroxide Nanoparticles in the Aqueous Environment by : Benjamin Adam Legg
Download or read book The Formation and Aggregation of Iron Oxyhydroxide Nanoparticles in the Aqueous Environment written by Benjamin Adam Legg and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleation, growth, and aggregation are interconnected processes which control the formation nanoparticles within aqueous environments and the development of nanoparticle structures. These processes are of fundamental engineering importance for the development of new nanoparticle synthesis methodologies and the creation of hierarchical self-assembled structures. They are also fundamentally important concepts for describing how nanoparticles and minerals are formed and distributed throughout the natural environment. The development of more sophisticated models for nucleation, growth, and aggregation within the aqueous environment has become a pressing scientific need, because nanoparticle size, shape, and aggregate structure are known to impact particle reactivity, bioavailability, transport and fate within the environment. In recent years, it has become apparent that complex interactions may exist between the processes of nucleation, growth, and aggregation, and these interactions are especially important during the formation of nanometer scale particles. For example, aggregation has been shown to serve as a mechanism for the growth of nanocrystals, and as a potential driver for phase transformations. However, the details of these interactions are not fully understood. In this work, a combination of advanced in situ characterization techniques, including cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), have been combined to better understand the development of nanoscale structures in aqueous systems. These techniques are complementary. Cryo-TEM provides new capabilities for nanoscale imaging of particles in aqua. It is especially useful for imaging fragile aggregate structures, which cannot be dried without damage, and for obtaining snapshots of reactive solutions that are evolving over time. Furthermore, cryo-TEM can be used to produce three-dimensional tomographic reconstructions (cryo-ET), providing structural models for particles and nanoparticles. However, TEM methodologies are limited by sampling statistics and are not ideal for determining the kinetics of structural change. SAXS is a complementary method that allows suspension properties such as particle size and aggregate structure to be characterized in a time-resolved fashion. SAXS has the potential to provide more statistically robust measurements, and to provide detailed reaction kinetics. However, SAXS data interpretation requires some level of a priori knowledge of the structure being characterized. Thus, by combining SAXS with cryo-TEM, a structurally accurate and statistically robust description of nanoparticle aggregate structure can be obtained. This dissertation consists of four studies, which seek explain how iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticles nucleate and develop new structures via aggregation, within the aqueous environment. The aim of the first study is to determine the structure of ferrihydrite nanoparticle aggregates in aqua. This is achieved using complimentary cryo-TEM and SAXS methodologies. Ferrihydrite nanoparticles are known to form complex aggregate structures. Interpretation of SAXS data is difficult due to suspension polydispersity. Cryo-ET is used to obtain three-dimensional images of the nanoparticle suspensions. A variety of aggregate structures are observed, with branched networks of linear chains of particles being prevalent in most suspensions. The tomographic structural models are processed to determine aggregate fractal dimensions, using an autocorrelation function based approach. These results are combined with SAXS data to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the suspension complexity. The networks of linear chains are shown to possess low fractal dimensions, between 1.0 and 1.4; significantly lower than would be expected from traditional models for aggregation. This has important consequences for the aggregate's physical behavior, and allows very large aggregates to exist in stable colloidal suspension without flocculation. The second study addresses how the ferrihydrite aggregate structure responds to changes in the ionic strength of the suspension, and how low-dimensional aggregate structures may influence nanoparticle transport through subsurface environments. Introducing ferrihydrite particle aggregates into solutions of 2 mM to 50 mM NaNO3 is shown to induce aggregate collapse, with more salt leading to the formation of denser aggregate structures and eventual flocculation. Complementary experiments show that millimolar quantities of NaNO3 induce a fundamental change in nanoparticle transport through a saturated quartz sand column. In deionized water, where low fractal dimension aggregates are stable, nanoparticles deposit evenly throughout the column, which soon saturates with particles so that subsequent injections are transported freely. When conditions favor aggregate collapse, dense localized accumulations occur and more nanoparticles can be deposited within the column. These deposits may be mechanically unstable, leading to irregular transport behavior. In the third study, the relationship between aggregation and iron oxyhydroxide phase transformations is explored. Previous researchers have found that akaganeite ([beta]-FeOOH) nanoparticles transform to create hematite ([alpha]-Fe2O3) nano-spindles in response to hydrothermal aging, but the mechanism of transformation is unknown. Some researchers have proposed a process based on the aggregation of hematite precursors, while others advocated for dissolution and re-precipitation mechanisms. In this study, the kinetics of the phase transformation from akaganeite to hematite is studied, and cryo-TEM is used to characterize the aggregate structures in the transforming suspension. The hematite spindles are shown to be nanoporous, while akaganeite nanoparticles display a tendency for oriented aggregation. Hematite spindles are frequently found in intimate contact with akaganeite nanoparticle aggregates during the process of phase transformation, suggesting a model for phase transformation in which the dehydration of akaganeite to form hematite is enhanced by aggregation. In the final study, the nucleation and growth of akaganeite nanoparticles from acidic (pH 1.5-3) FeCl3 solutions is tracked with in situ small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The hydrothermal precipitation process studied can generate highly monodisperse particles, whose size, shape, and nucleation rate can be tuned by varying solution saturation and temperature. Classical nucleation modeling is applied to determine new values for the interfacial energy of ferric oxyhydroxide clusters. The interfacial energy (interfacial tension) of the nucleus is shown to be pH dependent and ranges from 0.06 to 0.12 J/m2 within the range of experimental conditions. The interfacial tension decreases with decreasing pH. At the onset of nucleation, this corresponds to very small critical nuclei, containing just 4 to 30 iron atoms. The free energy of the early critical nuclei (40-70 kJ/mol) is found to be small relative to the effective activation energy for particle growth (140-200 kJ/mol). This suggests a situation where differences in growth kinetics may be as important for determining the first formed phase as differences in precipitate solubility or interfacial energy. A thermodynamic construction for the free energy of an embryonic cluster is presented that can be extended to clusters of arbitrarily small size, including iron monomers. This construction can be used to define the interfacial tension of dissolved species, and determine this interfacial tension from readily available solubility data. The interfacial tension of the monomer is shown to closely track the experimentally determined interfacial tension of the critical nucleation clusters, suggesting a new method for estimating oxyhydroxide interfacial tensions when direct experimental measurements are unavailable. In combination, these studies reveal the wide array of structures and behaviors that can occur in aqueous suspensions of ferric oxyhydroxide nanoparticles. In aqua methodologies with nanoscale resolution have allowed novel nanoparticle structures to be observed (e.g. linear particle chains and nanoporous hematite), and have been used to show the impact of nanoparticle aggregation on a variety of important physical processes (e.g. nanoparticle transport and phase transformation). These in aqua methods are also powerful tools for quantitative characterization of fundamental processes such as nanoparticle nucleation and growth; allowing important material properties (i.e. interfacial energy) that were previously unknown to be obtained. This type of information will allow for the refinement of existing iron oxyhydroxide synthesis approaches, to provide better control over particle size, shape, and phase, and will allow scientists to predict where nanoparticles may form within the environment.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Marine Biotechnology by : Se-Kwon Kim
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Marine Biotechnology written by Se-Kwon Kim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 3632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A keystone reference that presents both up-to-date research and the far-reaching applications of marine biotechnology Featuring contributions from 100 international experts in the field, this five-volume encyclopedia provides comprehensive coverage of topics in marine biotechnology. It starts with the history of the field and delivers a complete overview of marine biotechnology. It then offers information on marine organisms, bioprocess techniques, marine natural products, biomaterials, bioenergy, and algal biotechnology. The encyclopedia also covers marine food and biotechnology applications in areas such as pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and nutraceuticals. Each topic in Encyclopedia of Marine Biotechnology is followed by 10-30 subtopics. The reference looks at algae cosmetics, drugs, and fertilizers; biodiversity; chitins and chitosans; aeroplysinin-1, toluquinol, astaxanthin, and fucoxanthin; and algal and fish genomics. It examines neuro-protective compounds from marine microorganisms; potential uses and medical management of neurotoxic phycotoxins; and the role of metagenomics in exploring marine microbiomes. Other sections fully explore marine microbiology, pharmaceutical development, seafood science, and the new biotechnology tools that are being used in the field today. One of the first encyclopedic books to cater to experts in marine biotechnology Brings together a diverse range of research on marine biotechnology to bridge the gap between scientific research and the industrial arena Offers clear explanations accompanied by color illustrations of the techniques and applications discussed Contains studies of the applications of marine biotechnology in the field of biomedical sciences Edited by an experienced author with contributions from internationally recognized experts from around the globe Encyclopedia of Marine Biotechnology is a must-have resource for researchers, scientists, and marine biologists in the industry, as well as for students at the postgraduate and graduate level. It will also benefit companies focusing on marine biotechnology, pharmaceutical and biotechnology, and bioenergy.
Book Synopsis Metal Oxide Chemistry and Synthesis by : Jean-Pierre Jolivet
Download or read book Metal Oxide Chemistry and Synthesis written by Jean-Pierre Jolivet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-10-19 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The precipitation of metal oxides from aqueous solutions creates nanoparticles with interesting solid state properties, thus building a bridge between solution chemistry and solid state chemistry. This book is the first monograph to deal with the formation of metal oxides from aqueous solutions with emphasis on the formation and physical chemistry of nanoparticles. Metal Oxide Chemistry and Synthesis: From Solution to Solid State * Provides a comprehensive introduction to the synthesis of finely divided materials * Presents the chemistry, physics and applications of these materials * Builds a bridge between classical solution chemistry and new developments in solid state chemistry * Introduces an important new area in inorganic chemistry Part I examines the mechanism of condensation of aqueous cations leading to polynuclear species or lattices, and rationalizes the behaviour of cations in precipitation phenomena by identifying pathways from soluble species to solids. The cation complex is also analysed in relation to the synthesis of some technologically interesting polymetallic oxides, e.g. ferroelectric, ferrimagnetic and supraconductor materials. Part II is devoted to the surface chemistry of oxide particles. The basic concepts relating to the reactivity of the oxide-solution interface are introduced and applied to various adsorption phenomena, such as aggregation, stability of particle size against ripening, etc. These properties are exploited for the synthesis of nanomaterials for a broad range of applictions such as ceramic powders, catalysts and nanocomposites. This will also be of interest to those wishing to understand geochemical and some biological processes. As well as being invaluable to researchers and postgraduate students of inorganic chemistry, this book will also be appreciated by solid-state chemists, materials scientists and colloid chemists with an interest in metal oxides.
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Measurements of Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environments as a Probe of Nano-Bio Interactions and Nanoconfinement by : Izaac Cuiting Sit
Download or read book Spectroscopic Measurements of Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environments as a Probe of Nano-Bio Interactions and Nanoconfinement written by Izaac Cuiting Sit and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoparticles are commonly found in everyday life ranging from additives in consumer products to naturally occurring minerals. Despite being either engineered or naturally occurring, these nanoparticles often interact with environmental aqueous systems that are rich in biomolecules or can be internalized into the human body to encounter biological fluids. Adsorption of biomolecules onto nanoparticle surfaces often changes physicochemical properties, reflecting properties of adsorbed components rather than the nanoparticle. These property changes can influence intermolecular interactions and reduce the number of free molecules in solution, restricting bioavailability. Moreover, the adsorption process can change protein and DNA conformation where misfolded structures can lead to diseases such as, Alzheimer's and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. As these nanoparticle-biological complexes move through different biomes, variations in pH and temperature or exposure to nanoscale confinement can occur. The changes to surrounding conditions can further alter the adsorbed composition, biomolecule structure, and nanoparticle physicochemical properties. To predict the fate of these dynamic processes in a multicomponent system, it is necessary to understand the detailed surface chemistry occurring at the nano-bio interface. This dissertation aims to probe the effects of environmental conditions on the stability and persistence of biomolecules and small organic acids on metal oxide nanoparticles and within metal oxide nanoscale pores. These interactions are probed using vibrational spectroscopy as well as other complementary spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The results from this dissertation provide insights into metal oxide nanoparticle surface chemistry and nanoscale confinement to better understand nano-bio interactions over a range of environmental conditions.
