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Agency Problems And Risk Taking At Banks
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Book Synopsis Agency Problems and Risk Taking at Banks by : Rebecca S. Demsetz
Download or read book Agency Problems and Risk Taking at Banks written by Rebecca S. Demsetz and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The moral hazard problem associated with deposit insurance generates the potential for excessive risk taking on the part of bank owners. The banking literature identifies franchise valueᔚ firm's profit-generating potentialᔚs one force mitigating that risk taking. We argue that in the presence of owner/manager agency problems, managerial risk aversion may also offset the excessive risk taking that stems from moral hazard. Empirical models of bank risk tend to focus either on the disciplinary role of franchise value or on owner/manager agency problems. We estimate a unified model and find that both franchise value and ownership structure affect risk at banks. More important, we identify an interesting interaction effect: The relationship between ownership structure and risk is significant only at low franchise value banksőthose where moral hazard problems are most severe and where conflicts between owner and manager risk preferences are therefore strongest. Risk is lower at banks with no insider holdings, but among other banks, there is no relationship between the level of insider holdings and risk. This suggests that the owner/manager agency problem affects the choice of risk for only a small number of banksőthose with low franchise value and no insider holdings. Most of these banks increase their insider holdings within a year, and these changes in ownership structure are associated with increased risk. This suggests that owner/manager agency problems are quickly addressed.
Book Synopsis Agency Problems and Risk Taking at Banks by : Rebecca S. Demsetz
Download or read book Agency Problems and Risk Taking at Banks written by Rebecca S. Demsetz and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The moral hazard problem associated with deposit insurance generates the potential for excessive risk taking on the part of bank owners. The banking literature identifies franchise value--a firm's profit-generating potential--as one force mitigating that risk taking. We argue that in the presence of owner/manager agency problems, managerial risk aversion may also offset the excessive risk taking that stems from moral hazard. Empirical models of bank risk tend to focus either on the disciplinary role of franchise value or on owner/manager agency problems. We estimate a unified model and find that both franchise value and ownership structure affect risk at banks. More important, we identify an interesting interaction effect: The relationship between ownership structure and risk is significant only at low franchise value banks--those where moral hazard problems are most severe and where conflicts between owner and manager risk preferences are therefore strongest. Risk is lower at banks with no insider holdings, but among other banks, there is no relationship between the level of insider holdings and risk. This suggests that the owner/manager agency problem affects the choice of risk for only a small number of banks--those with low franchise value and no insider holdings. Most of these banks increase their insider holdings within a year, and these changes in ownership structure are associated with increased risk. This suggests that owner/manager agency problems are quickly addressed"--Abstract
Book Synopsis Agency Problems and Financial Contracting by : Amir Barnea
Download or read book Agency Problems and Financial Contracting written by Amir Barnea and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1985 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Banking Governance, Performance and Risk-Taking by : Faten Ben Bouheni
Download or read book Banking Governance, Performance and Risk-Taking written by Faten Ben Bouheni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of emerging countries is often enabled through non-conventional finance. Indeed, the prohibition of interest and some other impediments require understanding conventional finance and Islamic finance, which both seek to be ethical and socially responsible. Thus, comparing and understanding the features of Islamic banking and conventional banking, in a globalized economy, is fundamental. This book explains the features of both conventional and Islamic banking within the current international context. It also provides a comparative view of banking governance, performance and risk-taking of both finance systems. It will be of particular use to practitioners and researchers, as well as to organizations and companies who are interested in conventional and Islamic banking.
Book Synopsis Bank Leverage and Monetary Policy's Risk-Taking Channel by : Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia
Download or read book Bank Leverage and Monetary Policy's Risk-Taking Channel written by Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-06-06 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present evidence of a risk-taking channel of monetary policy for the U.S. banking system. We use confidential data on the internal ratings of U.S. banks on loans to businesses over the period 1997 to 2011 from the Federal Reserve’s survey of terms of business lending. We find that ex-ante risk taking by banks (as measured by the risk rating of the bank’s loan portfolio) is negatively associated with increases in short-term policy interest rates. This relationship is less pronounced for banks with relatively low capital or during periods when banks’ capital erodes, such as episodes of financial and economic distress. These results contribute to the ongoing debate on the role of monetary policy in financial stability and suggest that monetary policy has a bearing on the riskiness of banks and financial stability more generally.
Book Synopsis Monetary Policy, Leverage, and Bank Risk Taking by : Mr.Luc Laeven
Download or read book Monetary Policy, Leverage, and Bank Risk Taking written by Mr.Luc Laeven and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide a theoretical foundation for the claim that prolonged periods of easy monetary conditions increase bank risk taking. The net effect of a monetary policy change on bank monitoring (an inverse measure of risk taking) depends on the balance of three forces: interest rate pass-through, risk shifting, and leverage. When banks can adjust their capital structures, a monetary easing leads to greater leverage and lower monitoring. However, if a bank's capital structure is fixed, the balance depends on the degree of bank capitalization: when facing a policy rate cut, well capitalized banks decrease monitoring, while highly levered banks increase it. Further, the balance of these effects depends on the structure and contestability of the banking industry, and is therefore likely to vary across countries and over time.
Book Synopsis A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation of Banks' Risk Taking Behavior by : Shin Dong Jeung
Download or read book A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation of Banks' Risk Taking Behavior written by Shin Dong Jeung and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Activity Strategies, Agency Problems and Bank Risk by : Dung Tran
Download or read book Activity Strategies, Agency Problems and Bank Risk written by Dung Tran and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our results show that US banks with a relatively high share of non-interest income become riskier with a moving toward non-interest-generating activities, especially activities from investment banking, proprietary trading, etc. The findings also prove, although weakly, that banks with a relatively low share of non-interest income enjoy the net gains from an increase of non-interest income activities. Interestingly, the data provides evidence of the bright side of diversification during crises. Our main findings are robust with a battery of robustness tests. The results are partially explained under agency frameworks related to poor corporate governance. Finally, the evidence has different implications for regulators, managers and investors.
Book Synopsis The Risks of Financial Institutions by : Mark Carey
Download or read book The Risks of Financial Institutions written by Mark Carey and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until about twenty years ago, the consensus view on the cause of financial-system distress was fairly simple: a run on one bank could easily turn to a panic involving runs on all banks, destroying some and disrupting the financial system. Since then, however, a series of events—such as emerging-market debt crises, bond-market meltdowns, and the Long-Term Capital Management episode—has forced a rethinking of the risks facing financial institutions and the tools available to measure and manage these risks. The Risks of Financial Institutions examines the various risks affecting financial institutions and explores a variety of methods to help institutions and regulators more accurately measure and forecast risk. The contributors--from academic institutions, regulatory organizations, and banking--bring a wide range of perspectives and experience to the issue. The result is a volume that points a way forward to greater financial stability and better risk management of financial institutions.
Book Synopsis Bank Competition, Risk Taking, and their Consequences: Evidence from the U.S. Mortgage and Labor Markets by : Alan Xiaochen Feng
Download or read book Bank Competition, Risk Taking, and their Consequences: Evidence from the U.S. Mortgage and Labor Markets written by Alan Xiaochen Feng and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bank competition can induce excessive risk taking due to risk shifting. This paper tests this hypothesis using micro-level U.S. mortgage data by exploiting the exogenous variation in local house price volatility. The paper finds that, in response to high expected house price volatility, banks in U.S. counties with a competitive mortgage market lowered lending standards by twice as much as those with concentrated markets between 2000 and 2005. Such risk taking pattern was associated with real economic outcomes during the financial crisis, including higher unemployment rates in local real sectors.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Agency Problems on the Financial Behavior, Performance, and Efficiency of German Industrial Stock Corporations by : J. Benedict Wolf
Download or read book The Effects of Agency Problems on the Financial Behavior, Performance, and Efficiency of German Industrial Stock Corporations written by J. Benedict Wolf and published by Peter Lang Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a catalog of seven agency problem identifier variables such as block ownership and market segment traded in, 237 German industrial stock corporations are analyzed for the time period 1986-1992. Five sectors are also analyzed separately.
Book Synopsis Agency Theory, Information, and Incentives by : Günter Bamberg
Download or read book Agency Theory, Information, and Incentives written by Günter Bamberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agency Theory is a new branch of economics which focusses on the roles of information and of incentives when individuals cooperate with respect to the utilisation of resources. Basic approaches are coming from microeco nomic theory as well as from risk analysis. Among the broad variety of ap plications are: the many designs of contractual arrangements, organiza tions, and institutions as well as the manifold aspects of the separation of ownership and control so fundamental for business finance. After some twenty years of intensive research in the field of information economics it might be timely to present the most basic issues, questions, models, and applications. This volume Agency Theory, Information, and Incentives offers introductory surveys as well as results of individual rese arch that seem to shape that field of information economics appropriately. Some 30 authors were invited to present their subjects in such a way that students could easily become acquainted with the main ideas of informa tion economics. So the aim of Agency Theory, Information, and Incentives is to introduce students at an intermediate level and to accompany their work in classes on microeconomics, information economics, organization, management theory, and business finance. The topics selected form the eight sections of the book: 1. Agency Theory and Risk Sharing 2. Information and Incentives 3. Capital Markets and Moral Hazard 4. Financial Contracting and Dividends 5. External Accounting and Auditing 6. Coordination in Groups 7. Property Rights and Fairness 8. Agency Costs.
Book Synopsis Hedge Funds, Financial Intermediation, and Systemic Risk by : John Kambhu
Download or read book Hedge Funds, Financial Intermediation, and Systemic Risk written by John Kambhu and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge funds have become important players in the U.S. & global capital markets. These largely unregulated funds use: a variety of complex trading strategies & instruments, in their liberal use of leverage, in their opacity to outsiders, & in their convex compensation structure. These differences can exacerbate market failures associated with agency problems, externalities, & moral hazard. Counterparty credit risk mgmt. (CCRM) practices are the first line of defense against market disruptions with potential systemic consequences. This article examines how the unique nature of hedge funds may generate market failures that make CCRM for exposures to the funds intrinsically more difficult to manage, both for regulated institutions & for policymakers. Ill.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance in the Banking Sector by : Bruno Buchetti
Download or read book Corporate Governance in the Banking Sector written by Bruno Buchetti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-11 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an overview of the most important theories on Corporate Governance, investigating the myth and the reality of it. It argues that within the banking sector exist two new agency costs (i.e., bank depositors and shareholders vs. directors and bank depositors vs. shareholders and directors). These agency problems are difficult to reduce for two reasons. First, banks are complex and opaque. Second, government implicit guarantees and the deposit insurance systems reduce the monitoring of depositors. This book also takes a deep dive into research on CG in the banking sector via a unique and innovative literature review covering the time period between 2000-2020. It finds that some specific CG characteristics affect banks: risk appetite, performance, accounting quality, compensation and corporate social responsibility disclosure. Furthermore, this publication contends that institutional investors are changing CG for the better, describing how major financial markets factors such as rating agencies and sell-side financial analysts make CG visible. Additionally, it investigates how managerial biases and irrational investors can affect CG negatively, leading to company distress. All-in-all, this book makes a threefold contribution: for regulators, it offers suggestions on how to improve banks’ supervision; for researchers, it suggests new research topics; and for practitioners, it connects CG theory with real cases of CG failure.
Book Synopsis Incentives for Risk-Taking in Banking - a Unified Approach by : Thomas D. Jeitschko
Download or read book Incentives for Risk-Taking in Banking - a Unified Approach written by Thomas D. Jeitschko and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a theoretical framework to investigate the relationship between banks' capitalization and risk-taking behavior. The conventional wisdom is that relatively well-capitalized banks are less inclined to increase asset risk, because the option value of deposit insurance decreases as the capital to asset ratio increases. There are, however, at least three shortcomings in the existing theories that cast doubt on the validity of the conventional wisdom: (1) Existing studies have neglected the agency problem arising from the separation of management and ownership. (2) Past studies did not consider risk-return profiles in which higher risk is associated with higher return. (3) Empirical studies on this issue provide only mixed evidence.The aim of this paper is to shed new light on this issue by expanding existing models in two dimensions. First, by incorporating into a single model the three different incentives of three agents - the bank regulator, the shareholder, and the manager - regarding the risk determination by a bank; and second, by introducing four distinct assumptions on the characteristics of risk-return profiles. By combining these two factors, the theoretical model demonstrates that a bank's risk can either decrease or increase with capitalization depending on the relative forces of the three agents in determining asset risk and on various parametric assumptions about risk-return profiles.
Book Synopsis Risk-Taking and Dynamic Prudential Regulation by : Caterina Lepore
Download or read book Risk-Taking and Dynamic Prudential Regulation written by Caterina Lepore and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper adopts a dynamic contracting framework to study the design of prudential regulation of a bank engaging in excessive risk-taking. The bank's manager can enhance short term profits by either exerting effort or taking on excessive risk, which increases the bank's exposure to tail risk. Without capital requirements, shareholders induce the manager to undertake excessive risk when the bank is undercapitalised and the regulator grants forbearance ex-post. The socially optimal regulation curbs excessive risks through a capital requirement, forcing shareholders to recapitalise the bank before entering financial distress.The capital requirement possesses bank's specific attributes, being stricter for institutions with higher exposure to systemic risk and stronger agency problems. Alternatively, temporarily dismissing the manager allows the bank to recover from financial distress avoiding excessive risk-taking.
Book Synopsis Handbook of the Economics of Finance by : G. Constantinides
Download or read book Handbook of the Economics of Finance written by G. Constantinides and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-11-04 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arbitrage, State Prices and Portfolio Theory / Philip h. Dybvig and Stephen a. Ross / - Intertemporal Asset Pricing Theory / Darrell Duffle / - Tests of Multifactor Pricing Models, Volatility Bounds and Portfolio Performance / Wayne E. Ferson / - Consumption-Based Asset Pricing / John y Campbell / - The Equity Premium in Retrospect / Rainish Mehra and Edward c. Prescott / - Anomalies and Market Efficiency / William Schwert / - Are Financial Assets Priced Locally or Globally? / G. Andrew Karolyi and Rene M. Stuli / - Microstructure and Asset Pricing / David Easley and Maureen O'hara / - A Survey of Behavioral Finance / Nicholas Barberis and Richard Thaler / - Derivatives / Robert E. Whaley / - Fixed-Income Pricing / Qiang Dai and Kenneth J. Singleton.
