Against War And Empire

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Against War and Empire

Author : Richard Whatmore
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300175574
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Against War and Empire by : Richard Whatmore

Download or read book Against War and Empire written by Richard Whatmore and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-31 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Britain and France became more powerful during the eighteenth century, small states such as Geneva could no longer stand militarily against these commercial monarchies. Furthermore, many Genevans felt that they were being drawn into a corrupt commercial world dominated by amoral aristocrats dedicated to the unprincipled pursuit of wealth. In this book Richard Whatmore presents an intellectual history of republicans who strove to ensure Geneva's survival as an independent state. Whatmore shows how the Genevan republicans grappled with the ideas of Rousseau, Voltaire, Bentham, and others in seeking to make modern Europe safe for small states, by vanquishing the threats presented by war and by empire.

Against Empire

Author : Michael Parenti
Publisher : City Lights Books
ISBN 13 : 0872868613
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Against Empire by : Michael Parenti

Download or read book Against Empire written by Michael Parenti and published by City Lights Books. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Richly informed and written in an engaging style, Against Empire exposes the ruthless agenda and hidden costs of the U.S. empire today. Documenting the pretexts and lies used to justify violent intervention and maldevelopment abroad, Parenti shows how the conversion to a global economy is a victory of finance capital over democracy. As much of the world suffers unspeakable misery and the Third-Worldization of the United States accelerates, civil society is impoverished by policies that benefit rich and powerful transnational corporations and the national security state. Hard-won gains made by ordinary people are swept away. “A valuable rebuttal to the drumbeat...from the right.” —New York Times Book Review “Entertainingly written.” —Publishers Weekly “Parenti writes clear, smooth, often provocative prose, has a way of cutting to the heart of complex issues and knows how to tell a story." —Allan Johnson, Author of Human Arrangements Michael Parenti, PhD Yale, is an internationally known author and lecturer. He is one of the nation's leading progressive political analysts. He is the author of over 275 published articles and twenty books. His writings are published in popular periodicals, scholarly journals, and his op-ed pieces have been in leading newspapers such as the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times. His informative and entertaining books and talks have reached a wide range of audiences in North America and abroad.

Ancient Historiography on War and Empire

Author : Timothy Howe
Publisher : Oxbow Books
ISBN 13 : 1785703005
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (857 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Historiography on War and Empire by : Timothy Howe

Download or read book Ancient Historiography on War and Empire written by Timothy Howe and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the ancient Greek-speaking world, writing about the past meant balancing the reporting of facts with shaping and guiding the political interests and behaviours of the present. Ancient Historiography on War and Empire shows the ways in which the literary genre of writing history developed to guide empires through their wars. Taking key events from the Achaemenid Persian, Athenian, Macedonian and Roman ‘empires’, the 17 essays collected here analyse the way events and the accounts of those events interact. Subjects include: how Greek historians assign nearly divine honours to the Persian King; the role of the tomb cult of Cyrus the Founder in historical narratives of conquest and empire from Herodotus to the Alexander historians; warfare and financial innovation in the age of Philip II and his son, Alexander the Great; the murders of Philip II, his last and seventh wife Kleopatra, and her guardian, Attalos; Alexander the Great’s combat use of eagle symbolism and divination; Plutarch’s juxtaposition of character in the Alexander-Caesar pairing as a commentary on political legitimacy and military prowess, and Roman Imperial historians using historical examples of good and bad rule to make meaningful challenges to current Roman authority. In some cases, the balance shifts more towards the ‘literary’ and in others more towards the ‘historical’, but what all of the essays have in common is both a critical attention to the genre and context of history-writing in the ancient world and its focus on war and empire.

Revolution Against Empire

Author : Justin du Rivage
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300227655
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Revolution Against Empire by : Justin du Rivage

Download or read book Revolution Against Empire written by Justin du Rivage and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-27 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bold transatlantic history of American independence revealing that 1776 was about far more than taxation without representation Revolution Against Empire sets the story of American independence within a long and fierce clash over the political and economic future of the British Empire. Justin du Rivage traces this decades-long debate, which pitted neighbors and countrymen against one another, from the War of Austrian Succession to the end of the American Revolution. As people from Boston to Bengal grappled with the growing burdens of imperial rivalry and fantastically expensive warfare, some argued that austerity and new colonial revenue were urgently needed to rescue Britain from unsustainable taxes and debts. Others insisted that Britain ought to treat its colonies as relative equals and promote their prosperity. Drawing from archival research in the United States, Britain, and France, this book shows how disputes over taxation, public debt, and inequality sparked the American Revolution—and reshaped the British Empire.

Black against Empire

Author : Joshua Bloom
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520966457
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Black against Empire by : Joshua Bloom

Download or read book Black against Empire written by Joshua Bloom and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely special edition, published on the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Black Panther Party, features a new preface by the authors that places the Party in a contemporary political landscape, especially as it relates to Black Lives Matter and other struggles to fight police brutality against black communities. In Oakland, California, in 1966, community college students Bobby Seale and Huey Newton armed themselves, began patrolling the police, and promised to prevent police brutality. Unlike the Civil Rights Movement that called for full citizenship rights for blacks within the United States, the Black Panther Party rejected the legitimacy of the U.S. government and positioned itself as part of a global struggle against American imperialism. In the face of intense repression, the Party flourished, becoming the center of a revolutionary movement with offices in sixty-eight U.S. cities and powerful allies around the world. Black against Empire is the first comprehensive overview and analysis of the history and politics of the Black Panther Party. The authors analyze key political questions, such as why so many young black people across the country risked their lives for the revolution, why the Party grew most rapidly during the height of repression, and why allies abandoned the Party at its peak of influence. Bold, engrossing, and richly detailed, this book cuts through the mythology and obfuscation, revealing the political dynamics that drove the explosive growth of this revolutionary movement and its disastrous unraveling. Informed by twelve years of meticulous archival research, as well as familiarity with most of the former Party leadership and many rank-and-file members, this book is the definitive history of one of the greatest challenges ever posed to American state power.

On Empire

Author : Eric Hobsbawm
Publisher : Pantheon
ISBN 13 : 0307489027
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis On Empire by : Eric Hobsbawm

Download or read book On Empire written by Eric Hobsbawm and published by Pantheon. This book was released on 2008-11-26 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these four incisive and keenly perceptive essays, one of out most celebrated and respected historians of modern Europe looks at the world situation and some of the major political problems confronting us at the start of the third millennium. With his usual measured and brilliant historical perspective, Eric Hobsbawm traces the rise of American hegemony in the twenty-first century. He examines the state of steadily increasing world disorder in the context of rapidly growing inequalities created by rampant free-market globalization. He makes clear that there is no longer a plural power system of states whose relations are governed by common laws--including those for the conduct of war. He scrutinizes America's policies, particularly its use of the threat of terrorism as an excuse for unilateral deployment of its global power. Finally, he discusses the ways in which the current American hegemony differs from the defunct British Empire in its inception, its ideology, and its effects on nations and individuals. Hobsbawm is particularly astute in assessing the United States' assertion of world hegemony, its denunciation of formerly accepted international conventions, and its launching of wars of aggression when it sees fit. Aside from the naivete and failure that have surrounded most of these imperial campaigns, Hobsbawm points out that foreign values and institutions--including those associated with a democratic government--can rarely be imposed on countries such as Iraq by outside forces unless the conditions exist that make them acceptable and readily adaptable. Timely and accessible, On Empire is a commanding work of history that should be read by anyone who wants some understanding of the turbulent times in which we live.

How to Hide an Empire

Author : Daniel Immerwahr
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 0374715122
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis How to Hide an Empire by : Daniel Immerwahr

Download or read book How to Hide an Empire written by Daniel Immerwahr and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Named one of the ten best books of the year by the Chicago Tribune A Publishers Weekly best book of 2019 | A 2019 NPR Staff Pick A pathbreaking history of the United States’ overseas possessions and the true meaning of its empire We are familiar with maps that outline all fifty states. And we are also familiar with the idea that the United States is an “empire,” exercising power around the world. But what about the actual territories—the islands, atolls, and archipelagos—this country has governed and inhabited? In How to Hide an Empire, Daniel Immerwahr tells the fascinating story of the United States outside the United States. In crackling, fast-paced prose, he reveals forgotten episodes that cast American history in a new light. We travel to the Guano Islands, where prospectors collected one of the nineteenth century’s most valuable commodities, and the Philippines, site of the most destructive event on U.S. soil. In Puerto Rico, Immerwahr shows how U.S. doctors conducted grisly experiments they would never have conducted on the mainland and charts the emergence of independence fighters who would shoot up the U.S. Congress. In the years after World War II, Immerwahr notes, the United States moved away from colonialism. Instead, it put innovations in electronics, transportation, and culture to use, devising a new sort of influence that did not require the control of colonies. Rich with absorbing vignettes, full of surprises, and driven by an original conception of what empire and globalization mean today, How to Hide an Empire is a major and compulsively readable work of history.

Ain't My America

Author : Bill Kauffman
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780805082449
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Ain't My America by : Bill Kauffman

Download or read book Ain't My America written by Bill Kauffman and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passionate and witty, Ain't my America is an eye-opening exploration of the rich, honorable, and absurdly under-known history of right-wing peace movements. Pointing toward a "Little American" alternative to the bipartisan imperialism that reigns in today's Washington, it is also a clarion manifesto for the antiwar conservatives of today. -- from dust jacket.

Race against Empire

Author : Penny M. Von Eschen
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801471702
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Race against Empire by : Penny M. Von Eschen

Download or read book Race against Empire written by Penny M. Von Eschen and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-14 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marshaling evidence from a wide array of international sources, including the black presses of the time, Penny M. Von Eschen offers a vivid portrayal of the African diaspora in its international heyday, from the 1945 Manchester Pan-African Congress to early cooperation with the United Nations. Tracing the relationship between transformations in anti-colonial politics and the history of the United States during its emergence as the dominant world power, she challenges bipolar Cold War paradigms. She documents the efforts of African-American political leaders, intellectuals, and journalists who forcefully promoted anti-colonial politics and critiqued U.S. foreign policy. The eclipse of anti-colonial politics—which Von Eschen traces through African-American responses to the early Cold War, U.S. government prosecution of black American anti-colonial activists, and State Department initiatives in Africa—marked a change in the very meaning of race and racism in America from historical and international issues to psychological and domestic ones. She concludes that the collision of anti-colonialism with Cold War liberalism illuminates conflicts central to the reshaping of America; the definition of political, economic, and civil rights; and the question of who, in America and across the globe, is to have access to these rights.

The Persistence of Empire

Author : Eliga H. Gould
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 0807899879
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Persistence of Empire by : Eliga H. Gould

Download or read book The Persistence of Empire written by Eliga H. Gould and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Revolution was the longest colonial war in modern British history and Britain's most humiliating defeat as an imperial power. In this lively, concise book, Eliga Gould examines an important yet surprisingly understudied aspect of the conflict: the British public's predominantly loyal response to its government's actions in North America. Gould attributes British support for George III's American policies to a combination of factors, including growing isolationism in regard to the European continent and a burgeoning sense of the colonies as integral parts of a greater British nation. Most important, he argues, the British public accepted such ill-conceived projects as the Stamp Act because theirs was a sedentary, "armchair" patriotism based on paying others to fight their battles for them. This system of military finance made Parliament's attempt to tax the American colonists look unexceptional to most Britons and left the metropolitan public free to embrace imperial projects of all sorts--including those that ultimately drove the colonists to rebel. Drawing on nearly one thousand political pamphlets as well as on broadsides, private memoirs, and popular cartoons, Gould offers revealing insights into eighteenth-century British political culture and a refreshing account of what the Revolution meant to people on both sides of the Atlantic.

Nationalizing the Russian Empire

Author : Associate Professor of History Eric Lohr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674010418
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Nationalizing the Russian Empire by : Associate Professor of History Eric Lohr

Download or read book Nationalizing the Russian Empire written by Associate Professor of History Eric Lohr and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-15 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents

The Blood of Government

Author : Paul A. Kramer
Publisher : ReadHowYouWant.com
ISBN 13 : 1442997214
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (429 download)

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Book Synopsis The Blood of Government by : Paul A. Kramer

Download or read book The Blood of Government written by Paul A. Kramer and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2009-07-17 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1899 the United States, having announced its arrival as a world power during the Spanish-Cuban-American War, inaugurated a brutal war of imperial conquest against the Philippine Republic. Over the next five decades, U.S. imperialists justified their colonial empire by crafting novel racial ideologies adapted to new realities of collaboration and anticolonial resistance. In this path breaking, transnational study, Paul A. Kramer reveals how racial politics served U.S. empire, and how empire-building in turn transformed ideas of race and nation in both the United States and the Philippines. Kramer argues that Philippine-American colonial history was characterized by struggles over sovereignty and recognition. In the wake of a racial-exterminist war, U.S. colonialists, in dialogue with Filipino elites, divided the Philippine population into ''civilized'' Christians and ''savage'' animists and Muslims. The former were subjected to a calibrated colonialism that gradually extended them self-government as they demonstrated their ''capacities.'' The latter were governed first by Americans, then by Christian Filipinos who had proven themselves worthy of shouldering the ''white man's burden.'' Ultimately, however, this racial vision of imperial nation-building collided with U.S. nativist efforts to insulate the United States from its colonies, even at the cost of Philippine independence. Kramer provides an innovative account of the global transformations of race and the centrality of empire to twentieth-century U.S. and Philippine histories.

The Bases of Empire

Author : Catherine Lutz
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 0814752969
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bases of Empire by : Catherine Lutz

Download or read book The Bases of Empire written by Catherine Lutz and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2009-03-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quarter of a million U.S. troops are massed in over seven hundred major official overseas airbases around the world. In the past decade, the Pentagon has formulated and enacted a plan to realign, or reconfigure, its bases in keeping with new doctrines of pre-emption and intensified concern with strategic resource control, all with seemingly little concern for the surrounding geography and its inhabitants. The contributors in The Bases of Empire trace the political, environmental, and economic impact of these bases on their surrounding communities across the globe, including Latin America, Europe, and Asia, where opposition to the United States’ presence has been longstanding and widespread, and is growing rapidly. Through sharp analysis and critique, The Bases of Empire illuminates the vigorous campaigns to hold the United States accountable for the damage its bases cause in allied countries as well as in war zones, and offers ways to reorient security policies in other, more humane, and truly secure directions. Contributors: Julian Aguon, Kozue Akibayashi, Ayse Gul Altinay, Tom Engelhardt, Cynthia Enloe, Joseph Gerson, David Heller, Amy Holmes, Laura Jeffery, Kyle Kajihiro, Hans Lammerant, John Lindsay-Poland, Catherine Lutz, Katherine McCaffrey, Roland G. Simbulan, Suzuyo Takazato, and David Vine.

Eagles and Empire

Author : David A. Clary
Publisher : Bantam
ISBN 13 : 0553906763
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (539 download)

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Book Synopsis Eagles and Empire by : David A. Clary

Download or read book Eagles and Empire written by David A. Clary and published by Bantam. This book was released on 2009-07-28 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A war that started under questionable pretexts. A president who is convinced of his country’s might and right. A military and political stalemate with United States troops occupying a foreign land against a stubborn and deadly insurgency. The time is the 1840s. The enemy is Mexico. And the war is one of the least known and most important in both Mexican and United States history—a war that really began much earlier and whose consequences still echo today. Acclaimed historian David A. Clary presents this epic struggle for a continent for the first time from both sides, using original Mexican and North American sources. To Mexico, the yanqui illegals pouring into her territories of Texas and California threatened Mexican sovereignty and security. To North Americans, they manifested their destiny to rule the continent. Two nations, each raising an eagle as her standard, blustered and blundered into a war because no one on either side was brave enough to resist the march into it. In Eagles and Empire, Clary draws vivid portraits of the period’s most fascinating characters, from the cold-eyed, stubborn United States president James K. Polk to Mexico’s flamboyant and corrupt general-president-dictator Antonio López de Santa Anna; from the legendary and ruthless explorer John Charles Frémont and his guide Kit Carson to the “Angel of Monterey” and the “Boy Heroes” of Chapultepec; from future presidents such as Benito Juárez and Zachary Taylor to soldiers who became famous in both the Mexican and North American civil wars that soon followed. Here also are the Irish Soldiers of Mexico and the Yankee sailors of two squadrons, hero-bandits and fighting Indians of both nations, guerrilleros and Texas Rangers, and some amazing women soldiers. From the fall of the Alamo and harrowing marches of thousands of miles in the wilderness to the bloody, dramatic conquest of Mexico City and the insurgency that continued to resist, this is a riveting narrative history that weaves together events on the front lines—where Indian raids, guerrilla attacks, and atrocities were matched by stunning acts of heroism and sacrifice—with battles on two home fronts—political backstabbing, civil uprisings, and battle lines between Union and Confederacy and Mexican Federalists and Centralists already being drawn. The definitive account of a defining war, Eagles and Empire is page-turning history—a book not to be missed.

Resistance Against Empire

Author : Derrick Jensen
Publisher : PM Press
ISBN 13 : 1604863765
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Resistance Against Empire by : Derrick Jensen

Download or read book Resistance Against Empire written by Derrick Jensen and published by PM Press. This book was released on 2010-06-01 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A scathing indictment of U. S. domestic and foreign policy, this collection of interviews gathers incendiary insights from 10 of today’s most experienced and knowledgeable activists. Whether it’s Ramsey Clark describing the long history of military invasion, Alfred McCoy detailing the relationship between CIA activities and the increase in the global heroin trade, Stephen Schwartz reporting the obscene costs of nuclear armaments, or Katherine Albrecht tracing the horrors of the modern surveillance state, this investigation of global governance is sure to inform, engage, and incite readers. Full list of Interviewees: Stephen Schwartz, author of Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U. S. Nuclear Weapons Since 1940, is a guest scholar at the Brooking Institute and the director of the U.S. Nuclear Weapons Cost Study Project. Katherine Albrecht is the director of CASPIAN (Consumers Against Supermarket Privacy Invasion and Numbering), and is widely recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on consumer privacy. Robert McChesney is the author of seven books concerned with the contradiction between a for-profit corporate media and the communications requirements of a democratic society. J.W. Smith is the author of The World’s Wasted Wealth and is the director of The Institute for Cooperative Capitalism. Juliet Schor is co-founder of the Center for a New American Dream, and has written three books focused on trends in work and leisure, consumerism, the relationship between work and family, women’s issues and economic justice. Alfred McCoy is the author of The Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia and was winner of the Grant Goodman Prize in 2001. Christian Parenti is the author of Lockdown America: Police and Prisons in the Age of Crisis, a critique the “incipient American police state.” Kevin Bales is an expert on modern slavery and is the author of Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy, which was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize. Ramsey Clark was Attorney General under Lyndon Johnson, playing an important role in the history of the Civil Rights movement and continuing on as unstinting critic of US foreign policy. Anuradha Mittal is an internationally renowned expert on trade, development, human rights, democracy, and agriculture issues, and is the founder of The Oakland Institute, which works to ensure public participation and democratic debate on crucial economic and social policy issues.

Multitude

Author : Michael Hardt
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 9780143035596
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (355 download)

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Book Synopsis Multitude by : Michael Hardt

Download or read book Multitude written by Michael Hardt and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2005-07-26 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their international bestseller Empire, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri presented a grand unified vision of a world in which the old forms of imperialism are no longer effective. But what of Empire in an age of “American empire”? Has fear become our permanent condition and democracy an impossible dream? Such pessimism is profoundly mistaken, the authors argue. Empire, by interconnecting more areas of life, is actually creating the possibility for a new kind of democracy, allowing different groups to form a multitude, with the power to forge a democratic alternative to the present world order.Exhilarating in its optimism and depth of insight, Multitude consolidates Hardt and Negri’s stature as two of the most important political philosophers at work in the world today.

Defying Empire

Author : Thomas M. Truxes
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300150431
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Defying Empire by : Thomas M. Truxes

Download or read book Defying Empire written by Thomas M. Truxes and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-11-18 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This enthralling book is the first to uncover the story of New York City merchants who engaged in forbidden trade with the enemy before and during the Seven Years’ War (also known as the French and Indian War). Ignoring British prohibitions designed to end North America’s wartime trade with the French, New York’s merchant elite conducted a thriving business in the French West Indies, insisting that their behavior was protected by long practice and British commercial law. But the government in London viewed it as treachery, and its subsequent efforts to discipline North American commerce inflamed the colonists.Through fast-moving events and unforgettable characters, historian Thomas M. Truxes brings eighteenth-century New York and the Atlantic world to life. There are spies, street riots, exotic settings, informers, courtroom dramas, interdictions on the high seas, ruthless businessmen, political intrigues, and more. The author traces each phase of the city’s trade with the enemy and details the frustrations that affected both British officials and independent-minded New Yorkers. The first book to focus on New York City during the Seven Years’ War, Defying Empire reveals the important role the city played in hastening the colonies’ march toward revolution.