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Download or read book African American Experience in Oklahoma written by and published by . This book was released on 2006* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Norman L. Crockett
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 0700631453
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)
Download or read book The Black Towns written by Norman L. Crockett and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Appomattox to World War I, blacks continued their quest for a secure position in the American system. The problem was how to be both black and American—how to find acceptance, or even toleration, in a society in which the boundaries of normative behavior, the values, and the very definition of what it meant to be an American were determined and enforced by whites. A few black leaders proposed self-segregation inside the United States within the protective confines of an all-black community as one possible solution. The Black-town idea reached its peak in the fifty years after the civil War; at least sixty Black communities were settled between 1865 and 1915. Norman L. Crockett has focused on the formation, growth and failure of five such communities. The towns and the date of their settlement are: Nicodemus, Kansas (1879), established at the time of the Black exodus from the South; Mound Bayou, Mississippi (1897), perhaps the most prominent black town because of its close ties to Booker T. Washington and Tuskegee Institute: Langston, Oklahoma (1891), visualized by one of its promoters as the nucleus for the creation of an all-Black state in the West; and Clearview (1903) and Boley (1904), in Oklahoma, twin communities in the Creek Nation which offer the opportunity observe certain aspects of Indian-Black relations in this area. The role of Black people in town promotion and settlement has long been a neglected area in western and urban history, Crockett looks at patterns of settlement and leadership, government, politics, economics, and the problems of isolation versus interaction with the white communities. He also describes family life, social life, and class structure within the Black towns. Crockett looks closely at the rhetoric and behavior of Black people inside the limits of tehir own community—isolated from the domination of whites and freed from the daily reinforcement of their subordinate rank in the larger society. He finds that, long before “Black is beautiful” entered the American vernacular, Black-town residents exhibited a strong sense of race price. The reader observes in microcosm Black attitudes about many aspects of American life as Crockett ties the Black-town experience to the larger question of race relations at the turn of the century. This volume also explains the failure of the Black-town dream. Crockett cites discrimination, lack of capital, and the many forces at work in the local, regional, and national economies. He shows how the racial and town-building experiement met its demise as the residents of all-Black communities became both economically and psychologically trapped. This study adds valuable new material to the literature on Black history, and makes a significant contribution to American social and urban history, community studies, and the regional history of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Mississippi.
Author : Karolyn Smardz Frost
Publisher : Wayne State University Press
ISBN 13 : 0814339603
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)
Download or read book A Fluid Frontier written by Karolyn Smardz Frost and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scholars of the Underground Railroad as well as those in borderland studies will appreciate the interdisciplinary mix and unique contributions of this volume.
Author : Joshua Farrington
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Slavery to Liberation written by Joshua Farrington and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Herbert G. Ruffin
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 080614582X
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Uninvited Neighbors written by Herbert G. Ruffin and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2014-03-28 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1960s, African American protests and Black Power demonstrations in California’s Santa Clara County—including what’s now called Silicon Valley—took many observers by surprise. After all, as far back as the 1890s, the California constitution had legally abolished most forms of racial discrimination, and subsequent legal reform had surely taken care of the rest. White Americans might even have wondered where the black activists in the late sixties were coming from—because, beginning with the writings of Fredrick Jackson Turner, the most influential histories of the American West simply left out African Americans or, later, portrayed them as a passive and insignificant presence. Uninvited Neighbors puts black people back into the picture and dispels cherished myths about California’s racial history. Reaching from the Spanish era to the valley’s emergence as a center of the high-tech industry, this is the first comprehensive history of the African American experience in the Santa Clara Valley. Author Herbert G. Ruffin II’s study presents the black experience in a new way, with a focus on how, despite their smaller numbers and obscure presence, African Americans in the South Bay forged communities that had a regional and national impact disproportionate to their population. As the region industrialized and spawned suburbs during and after World War II, its black citizens built institutions such as churches, social clubs, and civil rights organizations and challenged socioeconomic restrictions. Ruffin explores the quest of the area’s black people for the postwar American Dream. The book also addresses the scattering of the black community during the region’s late yet rapid urban growth after 1950, which led to the creation of several distinct black suburban communities clustered in metropolitan San Jose. Ruffin treats people of color as agents of their own development and survival in a region that was always multiracial and where slavery and Jim Crow did not predominate, but where the white embrace of racial justice and equality was often insincere. The result offers a new view of the intersection of African American history and the history of the American West.
Author : Alwyn Barr
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 9780806128788
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (287 download)
Download or read book Black Texans written by Alwyn Barr and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: discusses each period of African-American history in terms of politics, violence, and legal status; labor and economic status; education; and social life. Black Texans includes the history of the buffalo soldiers and the cowboys on Texas cattle drives, along with the achievements of notable African-American individuals in Texas history, from Estevan the explorer through legislator Norris Wright Cuney and boxer Jack Johnson to state senator Barbara Jordan. Barr carries.
Author : C. Eric Lincoln
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822381648
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)
Download or read book The Black Church in the African American Experience written by C. Eric Lincoln and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1990-11-07 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black churches in America have long been recognized as the most independent, stable, and dominant institutions in black communities. In The Black Church in the African American Experience, based on a ten-year study, is the largest nongovernmental study of urban and rural churches ever undertaken and the first major field study on the subject since the 1930s. Drawing on interviews with more than 1,800 black clergy in both urban and rural settings, combined with a comprehensive historical overview of seven mainline black denominations, C. Eric Lincoln and Lawrence H. Mamiya present an analysis of the Black Church as it relates to the history of African Americans and to contemporary black culture. In examining both the internal structure of the Church and the reactions of the Church to external, societal changes, the authors provide important insights into the Church’s relationship to politics, economics, women, youth, and music. Among other topics, Lincoln and Mamiya discuss the attitude of the clergy toward women pastors, the reaction of the Church to the civil rights movement, the attempts of the Church to involve young people, the impact of the black consciousness movement and Black Liberation Theology and clergy, and trends that will define the Black Church well into the next century. This study is complete with a comprehensive bibliography of literature on the black experience in religion. Funding for the ten-year survey was made possible by the Lilly Endowment and the Ford Foundation.
Author : Alaina E. Roberts
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812297989
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)
Download or read book I've Been Here All the While written by Alaina E. Roberts and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps no other symbol has more resonance in African American history than that of "40 acres and a mule"—the lost promise of Black reparations for slavery after the Civil War. In I've Been Here All the While, we meet the Black people who actually received this mythic 40 acres, the American settlers who coveted this land, and the Native Americans whose holdings it originated from. In nineteenth-century Indian Territory (modern-day Oklahoma), a story unfolds that ties African American and Native American history tightly together, revealing a western theatre of Civil War and Reconstruction, in which Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Indians, their Black slaves, and African Americans and whites from the eastern United States fought military and rhetorical battles to lay claim to land that had been taken from others. Through chapters that chart cycles of dispossession, land seizure, and settlement in Indian Territory, Alaina E. Roberts draws on archival research and family history to upend the traditional story of Reconstruction. She connects debates about Black freedom and Native American citizenship to westward expansion onto Native land. As Black, white, and Native people constructed ideas of race, belonging, and national identity, this part of the West became, for a short time, the last place where Black people could escape Jim Crow, finding land and exercising political rights, until Oklahoma statehood in 1907.
Author : Gary Zellar
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 9780806138152
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (381 download)
Download or read book African Creeks written by Gary Zellar and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A narrative of the African Creek community
Author : David W. Levy
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806167858
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Breaking Down Barriers written by David W. Levy and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly sixty years, the University of Oklahoma, in obedience to state law, denied admission to African Americans. Only in October 1948 did this racial barrier start to break down, when an elderly teacher named George McLaurin became the first African American to enroll at the university. McLaurin’s case, championed by the NAACP, drew national attention and culminated in a U.S. Supreme Court decision. In Breaking Down Barriers, distinguished historian David W. Levy chronicles the historically significant—and at times poignant—story of McLaurin’s two-year struggle to secure his rights. Through exhaustive research, Levy has uncovered as much as we can know about George McLaurin (1887–1968), a notably private person. A veteran educator, he was fully qualified for admission as a graduate student in the university’s School of Education. When the university denied his application, solely on the basis of race, McLaurin received immediate assistance from the NAACP and its lead attorney Thurgood Marshall, who brilliantly defended his case in state and federal courts. On his very first day of class, as Levy details, McLaurin had to sit in a special alcove, separate from the white students in the classroom. Photographs of McLaurin in this humiliating position set off a firestorm of national outrage. Dozens of other African American men and women followed McLaurin to the university, and Levy reviews the many bizarre contortions that university officials had to perform, often against their own inclinations, to accord with the state’s mandate to keep black and white students apart in classrooms, the library, cafeterias and dormitories, and the football stadium. Ultimately, in 1950, the U.S. Supreme Court, swayed by the arguments of Marshall and his co-counsel Robert Carter, ruled in McLaurin’s favor. The decision, as Levy explains, stopped short of toppling the decades-old doctrine of “separate but equal.” But the case led directly to the 1954 landmark decision in Brown v. Board of Education, which finally declared that flawed policy unconstitutional.
Author : Judith L. Van Buskirk
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806158905
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Standing in Their Own Light written by Judith L. Van Buskirk and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Revolutionary War encompassed at least two struggles: one for freedom from British rule, and another, quieter but no less significant fight for the liberty of African Americans, thousands of whom fought in the Continental Army. Because these veterans left few letters or diaries, their story has remained largely untold, and the significance of their service largely unappreciated. Standing in Their Own Light restores these African American patriots to their rightful place in the historical struggle for independence and the end of racial oppression. Revolutionary era African Americans began their lives in a world that hardly questioned slavery; they finished their days in a world that increasingly contested the existence of the institution. Judith L. Van Buskirk traces this shift to the wartime experiences of African Americans. Mining firsthand sources that include black veterans’ pension files, Van Buskirk examines how the struggle for independence moved from the battlefield to the courthouse—and how personal conflicts contributed to the larger struggle against slavery and legal inequality. Black veterans claimed an American identity based on their willing sacrifice on behalf of American independence. And abolitionists, citing the contributions of black soldiers, adopted the tactics and rhetoric of revolution, personal autonomy, and freedom. Van Buskirk deftly places her findings in the changing context of the time. She notes the varied conditions of slavery before the war, the different degrees of racial integration across the Continental Army, and the war’s divergent effects on both northern and southern states. Her efforts retrieve black patriots’ experiences from historical obscurity and reveal their importance in the fight for equal rights—even though it would take another war to end slavery in the United States.
Author : Murray R. Wickett
Publisher : Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807125847
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (258 download)
Download or read book Contested Territory written by Murray R. Wickett and published by Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the interaction between whites, Native Americans and African Americans in the Indian and Oklahoma Territories from the end of the Civil War until Oklahoma statehood in 1907. It addresses questions about the nature of American race relations, transcending the territorial boundaries.
Author : Hannibal B. Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Acres of Aspiration written by Hannibal B. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sharon Hunt
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1524508748
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (245 download)
Download or read book Good Lil’ Boys and Girls from the Sooner State of Oklahoma written by Sharon Hunt and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is one of twelve books of the Black Slave Children Speak Series. The books are compiled of the interviews taken from slaves by the interviewers of the Federal Writers Project of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in 19361938. Most of the ex-slaves giving the interviews were children during slavery and gave interviews of their experiences and insights about living on plantations. The ex-slaves answered questions on all aspects of the plantations in seventeen states of the United States before the Civil War. African Americans were freed from slavery after the civil war in 1865. The series is dedicated to all people of the world. Also, included are sections on inventions and food for thought, which has A Scripture Cake for Good Lil Boys and Girls.
Author : Shirley Ann Wilson Moore
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806156856
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Sweet Freedom's Plains written by Shirley Ann Wilson Moore and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2016-10-20 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The westward migration of nearly half a million Americans in the mid-nineteenth century looms large in U.S. history. Classic images of rugged Euro-Americans traversing the plains in their prairie schooners still stir the popular imagination. But this traditional narrative, no matter how alluring, falls short of the actual—and far more complex—reality of the overland trails. Among the diverse peoples who converged on the western frontier were African American pioneers—men, women, and children. Whether enslaved or free, they too were involved in this transformative movement. Sweet Freedom’s Plains is a powerful retelling of the migration story from their perspective. Tracing the journeys of black overlanders who traveled the Mormon, California, Oregon, and other trails, Shirley Ann Wilson Moore describes in vivid detail what they left behind, what they encountered along the way, and what they expected to find in their new, western homes. She argues that African Americans understood advancement and prosperity in ways unique to their situation as an enslaved and racially persecuted people, even as they shared many of the same hopes and dreams held by their white contemporaries. For African Americans, the journey westward marked the beginning of liberation and transformation. At the same time, black emigrants’ aspirations often came into sharp conflict with real-world conditions in the West. Although many scholars have focused on African Americans who settled in the urban West, their early trailblazing voyages into the Oregon Country, Utah Territory, New Mexico Territory, and California deserve greater attention. Having combed censuses, maps, government documents, and white overlanders’ diaries, along with the few accounts written by black overlanders or passed down orally to their living descendants, Moore gives voice to the countless, mostly anonymous black men and women who trekked the plains and mountains. Sweet Freedom’s Plains places African American overlanders where they belong—at the center of the western migration narrative. Their experiences and perspectives enhance our understanding of this formative period in American history.
Author : Jennifer Latham
Publisher : Little, Brown Books for Young Readers
ISBN 13 : 0316384941
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)
Download or read book Dreamland Burning written by Jennifer Latham and published by Little, Brown Books for Young Readers. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compelling dual-narrated tale from Jennifer Latham that questions how far we've come with race relations. Some bodies won't stay buried. Some stories need to be told. When seventeen-year-old Rowan Chase finds a skeleton on her family's property, she has no idea that investigating the brutal century-old murder will lead to a summer of painful discoveries about the present and the past. Nearly one hundred years earlier, a misguided violent encounter propels seventeen-year-old Will Tillman into a racial firestorm. In a country rife with violence against blacks and a hometown segregated by Jim Crow, Will must make hard choices on a painful journey towards self discovery and face his inner demons in order to do what's right the night Tulsa burns. Through intricately interwoven alternating perspectives, Jennifer Latham's lightning-paced page-turner brings the Tulsa race riot of 1921 to blazing life and raises important questions about the complex state of US race relations--both yesterday and today.
Author : Rochelle Stephney-Roberson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781736361306
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Impact: Blacks in Oklahoma History written by Rochelle Stephney-Roberson and published by . This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impact: Blacks in Oklahoma History (second edition) includes updated information from the first edition and has expanded the content in this resource book. Many events and people in the African American communities of the forty-sixth state of the union are featured. It follows chronologically events from before the Trail of Tears and includes information about the Oklahoma Land Runs, Tulsa Race Massacre and the Oklahoma City Sit-Ins. A large amount of the information included was gained from personal interviews of individuals who made important civil rights contributions to state history. The book is rich with photographs helping to tell the story of the impact African Americans have had on the state and on the nation. Included are chapters on people of African Descent who were a part of the Five Civilized Tribes, civil rights leader Clara Luper, baseball great Joe Carter, basketball icon and musician Wayman Tisdale, as well as Ada Lois Sipuel Fisher, Roscoe Dunjee, All-Black Towns, the Buffalo Soldiers, and Desegregation. This book also includes educational activity pages following each chapter and answer sheets for each activity.
