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Adsorption And Selective Hydrogenation Of Alpha Beta Unsaturated Aldehydes On Pt111 And Pt Sn Model Catalysts
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Book Synopsis Adsorption and Selective Hydrogenation of Alpha, Beta-unsaturated Aldehydes on Pt(111) and Pt-Sn Model Catalysts by : Jan Haubrich
Download or read book Adsorption and Selective Hydrogenation of Alpha, Beta-unsaturated Aldehydes on Pt(111) and Pt-Sn Model Catalysts written by Jan Haubrich and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adsorption and Selective Hydrogenation of Α,β [alpha,beta] Unsaturated Aldehydes on Pt(111) and Pt-Sn Model Catalysts by : Jan Haubrich
Download or read book Adsorption and Selective Hydrogenation of Α,β [alpha,beta] Unsaturated Aldehydes on Pt(111) and Pt-Sn Model Catalysts written by Jan Haubrich and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Model Systems in Catalysis by : Robert Rioux
Download or read book Model Systems in Catalysis written by Robert Rioux and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an excellent compilation of cutting-edge research in heterogeneous catalysis and related disciplines – surface science, organometallic catalysis, and enzymatic catalysis. In 23 chapters by noted experts, the volume demonstrates varied approaches using model systems and their successes in understanding aspects of heterogeneous catalysis, both metal- and metal oxide-based catalysis in extended single crystal and nanostructured catalytic materials. To truly appreciate the astounding advances of modern heterogeneous catalysis, let us first consider the subject from a historical perspective. Heterogeneous catalysis had its beginnings in England and France with the work of scientists such as Humphrey Davy (1778–1829), Michael Faraday (1791–1867), and Paul Sabatier (1854–1941). Sabatier postulated that surface compounds, si- lar to those familiar in bulk to chemists, were the intermediate species leading to catalytic products. Sabatier proposed, for example, that NiH moieties on a Ni sur- 2 face were able to hydrogenate ethylene, whereas NiH was not. In the USA, Irving Langmuir concluded just the opposite, namely, that chemisorbed surface species are chemically bound to surfaces and are unlike known molecules. These chemisorbed species were the active participants in catalysis. The equilibrium between gas-phase molecules and adsorbed chemisorbed species (yielding an adsorption isotherm) produced a monolayer by simple site-filling kinetics.
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of [alpha], [beta][alpha, Beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Towards Clean Synthesis Over Noble Metal Catalysts in Mass Transfer Efficient Three Phase Reactors by : Laiqi Zhang
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of [alpha], [beta][alpha, Beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Towards Clean Synthesis Over Noble Metal Catalysts in Mass Transfer Efficient Three Phase Reactors written by Laiqi Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of a concurrent downflow contactor (CDC) are studied in this work in order to investigate the viability of this bubble column as a catalytic reactor for the hydrogenation of?,?-unsaturated aldehydes. Oxygen/water was used as the system throughout. In order to obtain reproducible results, a very effective gas-liquid separation method was conceived and developed after much trial and error work. Shutdown and deadleg gas holdup measuring methods were compared and it was found that the shutdown method is more reliable than the deadleg method. The hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde using both in-house-prepared and commercial palladium, platinum and ruthenium catalysts was carried out in stirred tank reactors and cocurrent downflow reactors in order to study the kinetics and mass transfer characteristics and the selectivity towards the corresponding desired product, hydrocinnamaldehyde or cinnamyl alcohol. When palladium catalysts were used the desired product was hydrocinnamaldehyde. The effects of homogenous reactions, type of solvent, catalyst loading, temperature, pressure, reactant concentration and the effects of promoter or poison on the selectivity towards hydrocinnamaldehyde were investigated systematically. Aldehyde acetals were produced in polar solvents, but not in non-polar solvents. Two methods can be used to obtain hydrocinnamaldehyde selectivity without reduction of the carbonyl double bond: (1) by using non-polar solvents such as toluene; (2) by incorporating poisons or promoters into the reactant solution or onto the surface of the catalysts. 97% selectivity to hydrocinnamaldehyde was achieved. The effects of the solvent, temperature, pressure, catalyst loading, promoters, and reactants concentration on the kinetics were studied and the following reaction kinetics are proposed for the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over non-modified palladium/charcoal catalysts in propan-2-ol and in toluene: Ra = kC\(_{Cat}\)C\(_{H2}\)C\(0_{CAL}\) The apparent activation energy varies with themperature range in propan-2-ol and is 65\(\pm\)5 kJ.mol\({-1}\) in toluene.
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Over Metal Catalysts by : Thomas Balder Ludwig Wolfgang Marinelli
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Over Metal Catalysts written by Thomas Balder Ludwig Wolfgang Marinelli and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of Α,β[alpha,beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Towards Clean Synthesis Over Noble Metal Catalysts in Mass Transfer Efficient Three Phase Reactors by : Laiqi Zhang
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of Α,β[alpha,beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Towards Clean Synthesis Over Noble Metal Catalysts in Mass Transfer Efficient Three Phase Reactors written by Laiqi Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of a concurrent downflow contactor (CDC) are studied in this work in order to investigate the viability of this bubble column as a catalytic reactor for the hydrogenation of ?,?-unsaturated aldehydes. Oxygen/water was used as the system throughout. In order to obtain reproducible results, a very effective gas-liquid separation method was conceived and developed after much trial and error work. Shutdown and deadleg gas holdup measuring methods were compared and it was found that the shutdown method is more reliable than the deadleg method. The hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde using both in-house-prepared and commercial palladium, platinum and ruthenium catalysts was carried out in stirred tank reactors and cocurrent downflow reactors in order to study the kinetics and mass transfer characteristics and the selectivity towards the corresponding desired product, hydrocinnamaldehyde or cinnamyl alcohol. When palladium catalysts were used the desired product was hydrocinnamaldehyde. The effects of homogenous reactions, type of solvent, catalyst loading, temperature, pressure, reactant concentration and the effects of promoter or poison on the selectivity towards hydrocinnamaldehyde were investigated systematically. Aldehyde acetals were produced in polar solvents, but not in non-polar solvents. Two methods can be used to obtain hydrocinnamaldehyde selectivity without reduction of the carbonyl double bond: (1) by using non-polar solvents such as toluene; (2) by incorporating poisons or promoters into the reactant solution or onto the surface of the catalysts. 97% selectivity to hydrocinnamaldehyde was achieved. The effects of the solvent, temperature, pressure, catalyst loading, promoters, and reactants concentration on the kinetics were studied and the following reaction kinetics are proposed for the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over non-modified palladium/charcoal catalysts in propan-2-ol and in toluene: Ra = kC\(-{Cat}\)C\(-{H2}\)C\( 0-{CAL}\) The apparent activation energy varies with themperature range in propan-2-ol and is 65\(\pm\)5 kJ.mol\( {-1}\) in toluene.
Book Synopsis Hydrogenation of the Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes Acrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Prenal Over Pt Single Crystals by :
Download or read book Hydrogenation of the Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes Acrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Prenal Over Pt Single Crystals written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) and kinetic measurements using gas chromatography have been used to study the surface reaction intermediates during the hydrogenation of three?,?-unsaturated aldehydes, acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and prenal, over Pt(111) at Torr pressures (1 Torr aldehyde, 100 Torr hydrogen) in the temperature range of 295K to 415K. SFG-VS data showed that acrolein has mixed adsorption species of?2-di-?(CC)-trans,?2-di-?(CC)-cis as well as highly coordinated?3 or?4 species. Crotonaldehyde adsorbed to Pt(111) as?2 surface intermediates. SFG-VS during prenal hydrogenation also suggested the presence of the?2 adsorption species, and became more highly coordinated as the temperature was raised to 415K, in agreement with its enhanced C=O hydrogenation. The effect of catalyst surface structure was clarified by carrying out the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde over both Pt(111) and Pt(100) single crystals while acquiring the SFG-VS spectra in situ. Both the kinetics and SFG-VS showed little structure sensitivity. Pt(100) generated more decarbonylation 'cracking' product while Pt(111) had a higher selectivity for the formation of the desired unsaturated alcohol, crotylalcohol.
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of [alpha]-[beta] Unsaturated Aldehydes Over Ir Catalysts by : J. Gomez-Lopez
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of [alpha]-[beta] Unsaturated Aldehydes Over Ir Catalysts written by J. Gomez-Lopez and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of [Alpha], [Beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Towards Clean Synthesis Over Noble Metal Catalysts in Mass Transfer Efficient Three Phase Reactors by : Lai Qi Zhang
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of [Alpha], [Beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Towards Clean Synthesis Over Noble Metal Catalysts in Mass Transfer Efficient Three Phase Reactors written by Lai Qi Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde Over Bimetallic Catalysts by :
Download or read book The Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde Over Bimetallic Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde has been investigated over a monometallic Pt/SiO2 catalyst and platinum bimetallic catalysts where the second metal was either silver, copper, or tin. The effects of addition of a second metal to the Pt/SiO2 system on the selectivity to crotyl alcohol were investigated. The Pt-Sn bimetallic catalysts were characterized by hydrogen chemisorption, 1H NMR and microcalorimetry. The Pt-Ag/SiO2 and Pt-Cu/SiO2 catalysts were characterized by hydrogen chemisorption. Pt-Sn/SiO2 catalysts selectively hydrogenated crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol and the method of preparation of these catalysts affected the selectivity. The most selective Pt-Sn/SiO2 catalysts for the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol were those in which the Sn precursor was dissolved in a HCl solution. Sn increased both the rate of formation of butyraldehyde and the rate of formation of crotyl alcohol. The Pt/SiO2, Pt-Ag/SiO2 and Pt-Cu/SiO2 catalysts produced only butyraldehyde. Initial heats of adsorption ((approximately)90 kJ/mol) measured using microcalorimetry were not affected by the presence of Sn on Pt. We can conclude that there is no through metal electronic interaction between Pt and Sn at least with respect to hydrogen surface bonds since the Pt and Pt-Sn at least with respect to hydrogen surface bonds since the Pt and Pt-Sn had similar initial heats of adsorption coupled with the invariance of the 1H NMR Knight shift.
Book Synopsis I. Chemoselective Catalytic Hydrogenation of [alpha], [beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones Using Soluble Copper(I) Hydrides by : Jianxian Chen
Download or read book I. Chemoselective Catalytic Hydrogenation of [alpha], [beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones Using Soluble Copper(I) Hydrides written by Jianxian Chen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Hyddrogenation of [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Over Metal Catalysts by : Thomas Balder Ludwig Wolfgang Marinelli
Download or read book Selective Hyddrogenation of [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated Aldehydes Over Metal Catalysts written by Thomas Balder Ludwig Wolfgang Marinelli and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde by : Jan Hájek
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde written by Jan Hájek and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of an A,b-unsaturated Aldehyde Using Palladium Catalysts by : Matteo Navarria
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of an A,b-unsaturated Aldehyde Using Palladium Catalysts written by Matteo Navarria and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selectivity in Hydrogenation of Alpha, Beta-unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds on Model Palladium Catalysts by : Karl-Heinz Dostert
Download or read book Selectivity in Hydrogenation of Alpha, Beta-unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds on Model Palladium Catalysts written by Karl-Heinz Dostert and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde by Pt-containing Bimetallic Catalysts Supported on Metal Oxides by : Agustin Tomas Colussi
Download or read book Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde by Pt-containing Bimetallic Catalysts Supported on Metal Oxides written by Agustin Tomas Colussi and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanistic Study for Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde Using Platinum/metal-oxide Catalysts -- a Gas-phased Kinetics Study by : Yutichai Mueanngern
Download or read book Mechanistic Study for Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde Using Platinum/metal-oxide Catalysts -- a Gas-phased Kinetics Study written by Yutichai Mueanngern and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis we studied the kinetics of crotonaldehyde hydrogenation on a series of Pt-cerium oxide and Pt-titanium dioxide catalysts to elucidate some mechanistic aspects of partial hydrogenation processes, which occurs on bi-functional catalyst systems. Studies in the literature have shown that the C=O bond hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes, more specifically of the crotonaldehyde species, only occurs when a platinum/metal-oxide interface exist, and does not occur on pure platinum or metal oxide surfaces. The mechanism of this process and the determination of the active site of crotonaldehyde have never been investigated. Because the presence of Pt/metal-oxide interfaces lead to this selective C=O bond hydrogenation, the active site is hypothesized to occur on the platinum/metal-oxide interface. However, possibilities of the active site being at the platinum sites or scaling with the metal-oxide sites remains. In this study we show that the active site occurs on the platinum within some distance from the interface of the two phases. We also show in this study that within a region of cerium oxide nanocubes which are uniformly packed on a platinum surface there exist no C=O bond activity, however at the interface between rafts of cerium oxide nanoparticles there exhibits significant enhancements to the C=O bond product. These results provide strong evidence that the chemistry for this C=O bond pathway extends beyond the three phase boundary of the platinum/metal-oxide alone. The results from this study provide insight into fundamental design parameters for designing highly selective bi-functional nanocatalysts.
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