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Author : Richard A. Mewaldt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (595 download)
Download or read book Acceleration and Transport of Energetic Particles Observed in the Heliosphere written by Richard A. Mewaldt and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gang Li
Publisher : American Institute of Physics
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Particle Acceleration and Transport in the Heliosphere and Beyond written by Gang Li and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2008-09-12 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers have been peer-reviewed. Our star is a very effective particle accelerator. Energies up to GeVs have been observed in Solar energetic particle events. These events are often associated with solar flares and/or Coronal Mass Ejections. Understanding how particles are accelerated in these phenomena has been an outstanding problem in space plasma physics for a long time. Part of the reason is its practical (e.g. Space weather) and fundamental (cosmic ray origin) importance. In this conference we review recent progresses on this problem, with a balance between observations, theories and numerical simulations. Specific topics include 1) particle acceleration at flare site, 2) turbulence properties of the solar wind, 3) particle acceleration and transport in the inner heliosphere, 4) particle acceleration at the termination shock and heliosheath, and 5) particle acceleration at supernova remnant shocks.
Author : Chunsheng Pei
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (659 download)
Download or read book Solar Energetic Particle Transport in the Heliosphere written by Chunsheng Pei and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transport of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the inner heliosphere is a very important issue which can affect our daily life. For example, large SEP events can lead to the failure of power grids, interrupt communications, and may participate in global climate change. The SEPS also can harm humans in space and destroy the instruments on board spacecraft. Studying the transport of SEPs also helps us understand remote regions of space which are not visible to us because there are not enough photons in those places. The interplanetary magnetic field is the medium in which solar energetic particles travel. The Parker Model of the solar wind and its successor, the Weber and Davis model, have been the dominant models of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field since 1960s. In this thesis, I have reviewed these models and applied an important correction to the Weber and Davis model. Various solar wind models and their limitations are presented. Different models can affect the calculation of magnetic field direction at 1ÃU by as much as about 30\%. Analysis of the onset of SEP events could be used to infer the release time of solar energetic particles and to differentiate between models of particle acceleration near the Sun. It is demonstrated that because of the nature of the stochastic heliospheric magnetic field, the path length measured along the lineof force can be shorter than that of the nominal Parker spiral. These results help to explain recent observations. A two dimensional model and a fully three dimensional numerical model for the transport of SEPs has been developed based on Parker's transport equation for the first time. R̀̀eservoir'' phenomenon, which means the inner heliosphere works like a reservoir for SEPs during large SEP events, and multi-spacecraft observation of peak intensities are explained by this numerical model.
Author : Donald V. Reames
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289289584
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (895 download)
Download or read book Particle Acceleration at the Sun and in the Heliosphere written by Donald V. Reames and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energetic particles are accelerated in rich profusion at sites throughout the heliosphere. They come from solar flares in the low corona, from shock waves driven outward by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), from planetary magnetospheres and bow shocks. They come from corotating interaction regions (CIRs) produced by high-speed streams in the solar wind, and from the heliospheric termination shock at the outer edge of the heliospheric cavity. We sample all these populations near Earth, but can distinguish them readily by their element and isotope abundances, ionization states, energy spectra, angular distributions and time behavior. Remote spacecraft have probed the spatial distributions of the particles and examined new sources in situ. Most acceleration sources can be "seen" only by direct observation of the particles; few photons are produced at these sites. Wave-particle interactions are an essential feature in acceleration sources and, for shock acceleration, new evidence of energetic-proton-generated waves has come from abundance variations and from local cross-field scattering. Element abundances often tell us the physics the source plasma itself, prior to acceleration. By comparing different populations, we learn more about the sources, and about the physics of acceleration and transport, than we can possibly learn from one source alone.
Author : Olga E Malandraki
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781013270055
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Solar Particle Radiation Storms Forecasting and Analysis written by Olga E Malandraki and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar energetic particles (SEPs) emitted from the Sun are a major space weather hazard motivating the development of predictive capabilities. This book presents the results and findings of the HESPERIA (High Energy Solar Particle Events forecasting and Analysis) project of the EU HORIZON 2020 programme. It discusses the forecasting operational tools developed within the project, and presents progress to SEP research contributed by HESPERIA both from the observational as well as the SEP modelling perspective. Using multi-frequency observational data and simulations HESPERIA investigated the chain of processes from particle acceleration in the corona, particle transport in the magnetically complex corona and interplanetary space, to the detection near 1 AU. The book also elaborates on the unique software that has been constructed for inverting observations of relativistic SEPs to physical parameters that can be compared with space-borne measurements at lower energies. Introductory and pedagogical material included in the book make it accessible to students at graduate level and will be useful as background material for Space Physics and Space Weather courses with emphasis on Solar Energetic Particle Event Forecasting and Analysis. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Author : Donald V. Reames
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319508717
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Solar Energetic Particles written by Donald V. Reames and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer introduces the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP) and systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. More specifically, the timing of the onsets, the longitude distributions, the high-energy spectral shapes, the correlations with other solar phenomena (e.g. coronal mass ejections), as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances of SEPs are investigated. Impulsive SEP events are related to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a new technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated. Last but not least the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space is mentioned and a short discussion of the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements is given.
Author : Kamen Asenov Kozarev
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)
Download or read book Coronal Shock Acceleration and Heliospheric Transport of Solar Energetic Protons written by Kamen Asenov Kozarev and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CME) in the Sun's atmosphere produce highly energetic charged particles during violent bursts of activity. Protons, the most numerous and important species of these solar energetic particles (SEP), accelerate and propagate throughout the heliosphere, probing the interplanetary transport conditions. They also present a significant radiation hazard to space operations. Nevertheless, SEP acceleration in the low corona is currently not well constrained and poorly understood.In this dissertation, I examine off-limb extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wave dynamics between 1.3 and 2.0 solar radii in the corona, and I show that the EUV signatures are consistent with CME-driven shocks. Therefore, such shocks may form very low in the corona. I also develop a data-driven model for estimating the maximum energy to which protons may be accelerated in coronal shocks. I apply it to an observed shock and show that it may accelerate protons up to tens of MeV during its fast coronal passage, consistent with in-situ observations.To explore further coronal SEP acceleration by CME-driven shocks, I modify a global, 3D numerical model for interplanetary SEP transport for the coronal conditions, and adapt it to incorporate results from a realistic magnetohydrodynamic coronal and CME model. Furthermore, I apply a diffusive shock acceleration model, which explicitly treats proton energization at traveling shocks, to an MHD simulation of a real CME event. I find that the source population becomes strongly accelerated. In addition, I simulate the proton transport between the Sun and Earth, and find that the modeled fluxes are consistent with particle observations near Earth. Results suggest that CME-driven shocks in the corona may be the primary source of SEPs in solar storms. In addition, conditions along coronal shock fronts vary greatly, influencing the amount of acceleration.Finally, I model the global proton transport between Earth and 5 AU during a very large SEP event. I obtain radial gradients of peak fluxes and radiation doses for space weather applications, and I find that simulated and observed fluxes agree reasonably well. This suggests that most CME shocks are not efficient proton accelerators beyond 1 AU.
Author : Carolus J. Schrijver
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107049040
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Heliophysics: Space Storms and Radiation: Causes and Effects written by Carolus J. Schrijver and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heliophysics is a fast-developing scientific discipline that integrates studies of the Sun's variability, the surrounding heliosphere, and the environment and climate of planets. The Sun is a magnetically variable star and for planets with intrinsic magnetic fields, planets with atmospheres, or planets like Earth with both, there are profound consequences. This 2010 volume, the second in this series of three heliophysics texts, integrates the many aspects of space storms and the energetic radiation associated with them - from causes on the Sun to effects in planetary environments. It reviews the physical processes in solar flares and coronal mass ejections, interplanetary shocks, and particle acceleration and transport, and considers many space weather responses in geospace. In addition to its utility as a textbook, it also constitutes a foundational reference for researchers in fields from heliophysics to climate science. Additional online resources, including lecture presentations and other teaching materials, are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521760515.
Author : George M. Simnett
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319828398
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (283 download)
Download or read book Energetic Particles in the Heliosphere written by George M. Simnett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph traces the development of our understanding of how and where energetic particles are accelerated in the heliosphere and how they may reach the Earth. Detailed data sets are presented which address these topics. The bulk of the observations are from spacecraft in or near the ecliptic plane. It is timely to present this subject now that Voyager-1 has entered the true interstellar medium. Since it seems unlikely that there will be a follow-on to the Voyager programme any time soon, the data we already have regarding the outer heliosphere are not going to be enhanced for at least 40 years.
Author : Jack Randolph Jokipii
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816518258
Total Pages : 1060 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (182 download)
Download or read book Cosmic Winds and the Heliosphere written by Jack Randolph Jokipii and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 1997-10 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors examine the physics of wind origin and physical phenomena in winds, including heliospheric shocks, magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, and kinetic phenomena--and their interactions with surrounding media. Contributions range from studies of the interstellar cloud surrounding the solar system to solar wind interaction with comets.
Author : L. F. Burlaga
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195084721
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)
Download or read book Interplanetary Magnetohydrodynamics written by L. F. Burlaga and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1995-09-07 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data from spacecraft such as Pioneer, Vela and Voyager have revealed the interstellar medium to be a remarkable physical system, which has served as a laboratory for the study of turbulent, supersonic, ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. The results of these studies provided confirmation of many theoretical models of the interstellar medium.
Author : L.I. Miroshnichenko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401596468
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Solar Cosmic Rays written by L.I. Miroshnichenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It turned out to be really a rare and happy occasion that we know exact1y when and how a new branch of space physics was born, namely, a physics of solar cosmic rays. It happened on February 28 and March 7, 1942 when the fIrst "cosmic ray bursts" were recorded on the Earth, and the Sun was unambiguously identifIed for the fIrst time as the source of high-velocity 10 particles with energies up to > 10 eV. Just due to such a high energy these relativistic particles have been called "solar cosmic rays" (SCR), in distinction from the "true" cosmic rays of galactic origin. Between 1942 and the beginning ofthe space era in 1957 only extremely high energy solar particle events could be occasionally recorded by cosmic ray ground-Ievel detectors and balloon borne sensors. Since then the detection techniques varied considerably and the study of SCR turned into essential part of solar and solar-terrestrial physics.
Author : Nour E. Raouafi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119507537
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Space Physics and Aeronomy, Solar Physics and Solar Wind written by Nour E. Raouafi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive view of our Sun at the start of a new era in solar and heliospheric physics Humans have been observing and studying our Sun for centuries, yet much is still unknown about the processes that drive its behavior. Thanks to a new generation of space missions and ground telescopes, we are poised to dramatically increase our understanding of the Sun and its environment. Solar Physics and Solar Wind explores advances in solar and heliospheric research over recent decades, as well as the challenges that remain. This comprehensive reference work covers the solar interior, magnetism and radiation, plasma heating and acceleration, the sun's atmosphere, and solar activity. Volume highlights include: Explanations for processes in the solar interior New insights on the solar wind The challenges of measuring the Sun's magnetic field and its radiative output Description of solar atmospheric phenomena such as spicules and jets New developments in understanding flares and coronal mass ejections Ongoing research into how the solar corona is heated The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief
Author : Gérard Trottet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Energy Release and Particle Acceleration at the Sun and in the Heliosphere written by Gérard Trottet and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309092159
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (921 download)
Download or read book Plasma Physics of the Local Cosmos written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-06 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar and space physics is the study of solar system phenomena that occur in the plasma state. Examples include sunspots, the solar wind, planetary magnetospheres, radiation belts, and the aurora. While each is a distinct phenomenon, there are commonalities among them. To help define and systematize these universal aspects of the field of space physics, the National Research Council was asked by NASA's Office of Space Science to provide a scientific assessment and strategy for the study of magnetized plasmas in the solar system. This report presents that assessment. It covers a number of important research goals for solar and space physics. The report is complementary to the NRC report, The Sun to the Earthâ€"and Beyond: A Decadal Research Strategy for Solar and Space Physics, which presents priorities and strategies for future program activities.
Author : Rainer Schwenn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642753647
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Physics of the Inner Heliosphere II written by Rainer Schwenn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of the Inner Heliosphere gives for the first time a comprehensive and complete summary of our knowledge of the inner solar system. Using data collected over more than 11 years by the HELIOS twin solar probes, one of the most successful ventures in unmanned space exploration, the authors have compiled six extensive reviews of the physical processes of the inner heliosphere and their relation to the solar atmosphere. Researchers and advanced students in space and plasma physics, astronomy, and solar physics will be surprised to see just how closely the heliosphere is tied to, and how sensitively it depends on, the sun. Volume 2 deals with particles, waves, and turbulence, with chapters on: - magnetic clouds - interplanetary clouds - the solar wind plasma and MHD turbulence - waves and instabilities - energetic particles in the inner solar system
Author : Lev Dorman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402051018
Total Pages : 877 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Cosmic Ray Interactions, Propagation, and Acceleration in Space Plasmas written by Lev Dorman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-02 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1 briefly describes the main properties of space plasmas and primary CR. Chapter 2 considers the problem of CR propagation in space plasmas described by the kinetic equation and different types of diffusion approximations. Chapter 3 is devoted to CR non-linear effects in space plasmas caused by CR pressure and CR kinetic stream instabilities with the generation of Alfvèn turbulence. In Chapter 4 different processes of CR acceleration in space plasmas are considered. The book ends with a list providing more than 1,300 full references, a discussion on future developments and unsolved problems, as well as Object and Author indexes.
