Accelerating Adolescent Literacy

Download Accelerating Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Accelerating Adolescent Literacy by :

Download or read book Accelerating Adolescent Literacy written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Adolescent Literacy Research

Download Handbook of Adolescent Literacy Research PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1606239945
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Adolescent Literacy Research by : Leila Christenbury

Download or read book Handbook of Adolescent Literacy Research written by Leila Christenbury and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-06-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive research handbook of its kind, this volume showcases innovative approaches to understanding adolescent literacy learning in a variety of settings. Distinguished contributors examine how well adolescents are served by current instructional practices and highlight ways to translate research findings more effectively into sound teaching and policymaking. The book explores social and cultural factors in adolescents' approach to communication and response to instruction, and sections address literacy both in and out of schools, including literacy expectations in the contemporary workplace. Detailed attention is given to issues of diversity and individual differences among learners. Winner--Literacy Research Association's Fry Book Award!

Best Practices in Adolescent Literacy Instruction

Download Best Practices in Adolescent Literacy Instruction PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462548296
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Best Practices in Adolescent Literacy Instruction by : Kathleen A. Hinchman

Download or read book Best Practices in Adolescent Literacy Instruction written by Kathleen A. Hinchman and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2022-01-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With 50% new material reflecting current research and pedagogical perspectives, this indispensable course text and teacher resource is now in a thoroughly revised third edition. Leading educators provide a comprehensive picture of reading, writing, and oral language instruction in grades 5–12. Chapters present effective practices for motivating adolescent learners, fostering comprehension of multiple types of texts, developing disciplinary literacies, engaging and celebrating students' sociocultural assets, and supporting English learners and struggling readers. Case examples, lesson-planning ideas, and end-of-chapter discussion questions and activities enhance the utility of the volume. New to This Edition *Chapters on new topics: building multicultural classrooms, Black girls’ digital literacies, issues of equity and access, and creating inclusive writing communities. *New chapters on core topics: academic language, learning from multiple texts, and reading interventions. *Increased attention to issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion. *The latest knowledge about adolescents' in- and out-of-school literacies.

Improving Adolescent Literacy

Download Improving Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pearson
ISBN 13 : 9780134098838
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (988 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Improving Adolescent Literacy by : Douglas Fisher

Download or read book Improving Adolescent Literacy written by Douglas Fisher and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2015-01-06 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Note: This is the loose-leaf version of Improving Adolescent Literacy and does not include access to the Enhanced Pearson eText. To order the Enhanced Pearson eText packaged with the loose-leaf version, use ISBN 0134183630 . Practical, straightforward, and affordable, this guide gives middle and secondary school teachers the tools they need to support their students' comprehension and success in literacy and in content area learning. The classroom-proven strategies and procedures included are taken from the authors' and their colleagues' experience in middle and secondary classrooms. Each chapter opens with a vignette from an actual classroom to show readers effective teaching in action and to give them a look at how the chapter's instructional approach works within content area teaching. Research-based rationales for each strategy follow the vignettes and provide an in-depth look at how to implement the strategy, along with examples of each strategy across the curriculum. The Enhanced Pearson eText features embedded video and assessments. Improve mastery and retention with the Enhanced Pearson eText* The Enhanced Pearson eText provides a rich, interactive learning environment designed to improve student mastery of content. The Enhanced Pearson eText is: Engaging. The new interactive, multimedia learning features were developed by the authors and other subject-matter experts to deepen and enrich the learning experience. Convenient. Enjoy instant online access from your computer or download the Pearson eText App to read on or offline on your iPad(R) and Android(R) tablet.* Affordable. Experience the advantages of the Enhanced Pearson eText along with all the benefits of print for 40% to 50% less than a print bound book. * The Enhanced eText features are only available in the Pearson eText format. They are not available in third-party eTexts or downloads. *The Pearson eText App is available on Google Play and in the App Store. It requires Android OS 3.1-4, a 7" or 10" tablet, or iPad iOS 5.0 or later.

Principled Practices for Adolescent Literacy

Download Principled Practices for Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134732430
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Principled Practices for Adolescent Literacy by : Elizabeth G. Sturtevant

Download or read book Principled Practices for Adolescent Literacy written by Elizabeth G. Sturtevant and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-11 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an evidence-based framework for understanding the literacy needs of adolescents. The premise is that educators and other critical stakeholders need to understand evidence-based principles in order to develop effective curriculum to meet the needs of diverse learners. Recommendations are provided for middle and secondary education, professional development, teacher education research and policy. At the center of the book are Eight Guiding Principles developed by the authors through a process that included an extensive review of research and policy literature in literacy and related fields, a comparison of National Standards documents, and visits to the classrooms of 28 middle and high school teachers across the United States. The Principles are broad enough to encompass a variety of contexts and student needs, yet specific enough to offer real support to those involved in program development or policy decisions. They provide an overarching structure that districts and teachers can use to develop site-specific curriculum that is both research-based and designed to meet the needs of the learners for whom they are responsible. Important Text Features: Organized to help readers understand empirically supported principles of practice that can be used to address literacy concerns in today's schools, each chapter that addresses one of the eight Principles follows a similar format: * The Principle is presented along with a brief explanation of the research base and a sample of national standards that support it. * One or more case examples spanning a wide variety of disciplines, grade levels, and local conditions - provide an in-depth look at the Principle in action. * A well-known adolescent literacy expert offers a response to each case example, giving readers an informed view of the importance of the Principle, how it is enacted in the cases, and examples of other work related to the Principle. Discussion questions are provided that can be used for individual reflection or group discussion. Principled Practices for Adolescent Literacy is intended as a text for pre-service and in-service upper-elementary, middle and high school literacy methods courses and graduate courses related to adolescent literacy, and as a resource for school district personnel, policymakers and parents.

Literacy Strategies for Gifted and Accelerated Readers

Download Literacy Strategies for Gifted and Accelerated Readers PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475847114
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Literacy Strategies for Gifted and Accelerated Readers by : Vicki Caruana

Download or read book Literacy Strategies for Gifted and Accelerated Readers written by Vicki Caruana and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gifted and accelerated readers are often not a part of reading instruction in a traditional or inclusive classroom. Their needs go unattended in favor of those who struggle with basic reading and foundational skills. All children should have the opportunity to grow in their knowledge and skills in literacy. This book provides teachers who have one or more gifted/accelerated or those who are "keenly interested" students in their class ways in which they can differentiate reading instruction that is equitable. Literacy Strategies for Gifted and Accelerated Readers provides educators with practical, research-based strategies and advice to address the unique needs of gifted readers. Attention to required specially designed instruction that aligns to both the content standards and the NAGC PreK-12 Gifted Programming Standards ensures that gifted readers make progress through literacy instruction. This book provides insight and expertise to general education teachers, teachers of the gifted, special education teachers, homeschool educators, professional developers, and higher education faculty.

Taking the Lead on Adolescent Literacy

Download Taking the Lead on Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 1452271364
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Taking the Lead on Adolescent Literacy by : Judith Irvin

Download or read book Taking the Lead on Adolescent Literacy written by Judith Irvin and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2010-02-26 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This rich resource walks middle and high school literacy leaders through a comprehensive process for conceptualizing, initiating, and, most important, sustaining a schoolwide literacy learning program. The authors clearly know teachers and schools, and their reality-tested tools will prove invaluable in guiding and supporting middle and high school literacy leaders." —Doug Buehl Author, Classroom Strategies for Interactive Learning A systemic and sustainable approach for improving adolescent literacy and learning! Taking the Lead on Adolescent Literacy provides educational leaders with a user-friendly and comprehensive planning process for developing a new literacy initiative—or for dramatically enhancing a current plan--that has the power not only to raise student performance levels but also to positively impact graduation rates, employability, and higher education success. Using a five-stage framework that has been field-tested nationwide for more than a decade, the authors provide an array of resources to guide in-depth planning, implementation, and monitoring to ensure sustained results, supported by examples from literacy-rich schools, checklists and assessments, and a glossary of terms. Each stage in the process builds upon a school or district′s existing capacities and focuses on six detailed rubrics that can be implemented at every stage to help ensure long-term success: Student motivation and engagement Literacy across the content areas Literacy interventions Literacy-rich environment, policies, and culture Parent and community involvement District support of school-based efforts Helping educators build the critical skills in students for communicating and making meaning within an increasingly complex world, this book shows how a sustained focus on literacy can serve as a powerful lever for school improvement.

Adolescent Literacy in the Era of the Common Core

Download Adolescent Literacy in the Era of the Common Core PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harvard Education Press
ISBN 13 : 1612506062
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (125 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Adolescent Literacy in the Era of the Common Core by : Jacy Ippolito

Download or read book Adolescent Literacy in the Era of the Common Core written by Jacy Ippolito and published by Harvard Education Press. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescent Literacy in the Era of the Common Core provides school leaders, teachers, and others with strategies and best practices for advancing adolescent literacy in the classroom. Exceptionally clear and accessible, the book addresses a full range of topics in this vitally important field, including disciplinary literacy; vocabulary instruction; classroom discussion; motivation and engagement related to digital literacy; the use of multiple texts; and writing to learn. This book presents “usable knowledge” of the highest order and of immediate value to school leaders and teachers. It will be required reading for all educators concerned with promoting and furthering adolescent literacy today.

Power Tools for Adolescent Literacy

Download Power Tools for Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Solution Tree Press
ISBN 13 : 193400975X
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Power Tools for Adolescent Literacy by : Jan Rozzelle

Download or read book Power Tools for Adolescent Literacy written by Jan Rozzelle and published by Solution Tree Press. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner: Association of Educational Publishers 2009 Distinguished Achievement Award Finalist: Association of Educational Publishers 2009 Golden Lamp Award Are there students in your classroom who have hit the reading wall? Studies indicate comprehension regresses in many students once they reach middle school. Teachers need the right resources in their classrooms for engaging students in reading. This book is a veritable encyclopedia of literacy strategies secondary teachers can apply to all content areas immediately. It integrates key strategies, research from top literacy experts, and proven intervention practices. Benefits: Gain access to the most relevant research on literacy and its application in the classroom. Employ powerful tools to aid reflection and the implementation of new strategies. Discover over 50 strategies for engaging adolescent learners, empowering strategic learning, building comprehension, developing vocabulary, and writing to learn. Access over two dozen reproducibles for teachers and students.

Time to Act

Download Time to Act PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Time to Act by : Carnegie Corporation of New York

Download or read book Time to Act written by Carnegie Corporation of New York and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our nation's educational system has scored many extraordinary successes in raising the level of reading and writing skills in younger children. Yet the pace of literacy improvement in our schools has not kept up with the accelerating demands of the global knowledge economy. In state after state, the testing data mandated by No Child Left Behind reveals a marked decline in the reading and writing skills of adolescent learners. School systems are now grappling with the fact that promising early performance and gains in reading achievement often dissipate as students move through the middle grades. As a result, many young people drop out of high school or perform at minimal level and end up graduating without the basic skills that they need to do college-level work, get a well-paying job or act as informed citizens. The truth is that good early literacy instruction does not inoculate students against struggle or failure later on. Beyond grade 3, adolescent learners in our schools must decipher more complex passages, synthesize information at a higher level, and learn to form independent conclusions based on evidence. They must also develop special skills and strategies for reading text in each of the differing content areas (such as English, science, mathematics and history)-- meaning that a student who "naturally" does well in one area may struggle in another. To reach the goal of providing quality literacy instruction for all our nation's adolescents, we must systematically link instruction to the growing knowledge base on literacy and inform it with up-to-date data relating to outcomes and best practices. We must also find and support good teachers and provide them with the right professional development opportunities. Schools, districts, states, and federal policymakers all have vital roles to play in the process of re-engineering the nation's schools to support adolescent learning. Accordingly: (1) The Vision: Literacy for All draws on up-to-date research showing that adolescents need a higher level of literacy than ever before, both for college-readiness and employment in the new global knowledge economy, and goes on to describe how our current state of knowledge already equips us to re-engineer schools to support quality adolescent learning; (2) The Challenge: What It Will Take to Get Our Adolescents College and Career Ready details the specific literacy needs of adolescent learners and shows how these needs can best be met in our nation's schools; (3) The Keys: Underpinnings for Successful Reform shows how professional development for teachers and the effective use of data are the keys to improving adolescent literacy and realizing the ambitious goal of "literacy for all"; (4) The Agenda: Re-Engineering for Change At All Levels sets out a national agenda for fully supporting adolescent learners, using case-studies to show exactly how schools, districts, and states can help to re-engineer the experience of adolescent learning; and (5) A Call To Action: Where To Begin summarizes the main points of this report by setting out specific action steps for school leaders, district leaders, state leaders, and federal policymakers. Our common goal must be to ensure that all students receive the support they need for active citizenship, college and career readiness, gainful employment in the global knowledge economy, and lifelong learning. "The time to act is now." Appended are: (1) Bibliography, Carnegie Corporation of New York's Advancing Literacy Initiative, Works and Commissioned Papers; and (2) Essential Elements of Literacy for Adolescent Learners. (Contains 3 tables, 4 figures and 2 endnotes.) [For related reports, see "Adolescent Literacy Programs: Costs of Implementation. Final Report from Carnegie Corporation of New York's Council on Advancing Adolescent Literacy" (ED535296); "Measure for Measure: A Critical Consumers' Guide to Reading Comprehension Assessments for Adolescents. Final Report from Carnegie Corporation of New York's Council on Advancing Adolescent Literacy" (ED535299); "Adolescent Literacy and Textbooks: An Annotated Bibliography. Final Report from Carnegie Corporation of New York's Council on Advancing Adolescent Literacy" (ED535323); "Reading in the Disciplines: The Challenges of Adolescent Literacy. Final Report from Carnegie Corporation of New York's Council on Advancing Adolescent Literacy" (ED535297); and "Adolescent Literacy Development in Out-of-School Time: A Practitioner's Guide. Final Report from Carnegie Corporation of New York's Council on Advancing Adolescent Literacy" (ED535304).

Literacy for the New Millennium: Adolescent literacy

Download Literacy for the New Millennium: Adolescent literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Greenwood
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Literacy for the New Millennium: Adolescent literacy by : Barbara J. Guzzetti

Download or read book Literacy for the New Millennium: Adolescent literacy written by Barbara J. Guzzetti and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 2007 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Living in an age of communication, literacy is an extremely integral part of our society. We are impacted by literature during our infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. This work includes information from specialists in the field who discuss the influence of popular culture, media, and technology on literacy. Together, they offer a comprehensive outline of the study and practice of literacy in the United States. The first volume, Early Literacy, covers infancy and early childhood. Topics such as oral language development, phonics, beginning writing, storytelling and drama, and instruction for second language learners and special needs children are all addressed. Volume two, Childhood Literacy, includes information on popular approaches to reading instruction, children's literature, spelling, computer and instructional technology, book clubs, and after-school programs. Adolescent Literacy, the third volume, covers supplementary literacy programs for at-risk adolescents, literacy tutors, young adult literature, gender issues, digital literacy, and blogging. Finally, volume four, Adult Literacy, offers chapters on adult basic education, programs for English language learners, and workplace literacy."--publisher's description.

Building Content Literacy

Download Building Content Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 141295715X
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Building Content Literacy by : Roberta Sejnost

Download or read book Building Content Literacy written by Roberta Sejnost and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2010-02-26 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a snapshot of how adolescents learn, Roberta L. Sejnost and Sharon M. Thiese offer research-based best practices and strategies that enable teachers to increase student learning by more effectively integrating reading, writing, and critical thinking into their content instruction. Building Content Literacy: Strategies for the Adolescent Learner begins with a discussion of the challenges of teaching adolescents and follows with: - Strategies to foster acquisition of specialized and technical content vocabulary - Specific processes and skills students may use to comprehend narrative and expository texts - A variety of writing-to-learn strategies Speaking-to-learn strategies. Finally, the authors consider the challenges that face students in the age of technology and address the new literacies that can be utilized to engage students and increase learning.

Adolescent Literacy in the Academic Disciplines

Download Adolescent Literacy in the Academic Disciplines PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1462502806
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Adolescent Literacy in the Academic Disciplines by : Tamara L. Jetton

Download or read book Adolescent Literacy in the Academic Disciplines written by Tamara L. Jetton and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From leading authorities in both adolescent literacy and content-area teaching, this book addresses the particular challenges of literacy learning in each of the major academic disciplines. Chapters focus on how to help students successfully engage withtexts and ideas in English/literature, science, math, history, and arts classrooms. The book shows that while general strategies for reading informational texts are essential, they are not enough--students also need to learn processing strategies that are quite specific to each subject and its typical tasks or problems. Vignettes from exemplary classrooms illustrate research-based ways to build content-area knowledge while targeting essential reading and writing skills"-- Provided by publisher.

Adolescent Literacy

Download Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351237004
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Adolescent Literacy by : Judith Davidson

Download or read book Adolescent Literacy written by Judith Davidson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1988. Much has changed since then in schools. Mobile technologies, interactive whiteboards, digital texts, class websites, student-authored blogs, social networking and photo sharing sites found integrated into so many classrooms hadn’t even been imagined by most educators. What hasn’t changed, however, are the developmental needs of adolescents. A sense of competence, opportunities for creative expression, positive social interactions, and opportunities for self-definition remain centrally important. Similarly, print literacy (i.e., reading and writing with traditional orthography) continues to contribute strongly to academic success, employment opportunity, health, and life satisfaction. Consequently, this book remains very relevant today. Through case descriptions of literacy programs situated in formal and informal settings, the book draws attention to the ways that developmental appropriateness and engaging literacy instruction can assist all youth in reaching their full potential as readers and writers.

Essential Questions in Adolescent Literacy

Download Essential Questions in Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1606233661
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Essential Questions in Adolescent Literacy by : Jill Lewis

Download or read book Essential Questions in Adolescent Literacy written by Jill Lewis and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2009-05-04 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In each chapter of this unique volume, an exemplary teacher collaborates with a prominent scholar to present real-world strategies for putting literacy research to work in grades 5–12. These lively dialogues tackle key questions in adolescent literacy, including issues of motivation, critical thinking skills, content-area writing, differentiated instruction, assessment, English language learning, and technology. Suggestions for incorporating adolescents' out-of-school literacies and working with reading specialists and coaches show how to build connections between the classroom and wider communities. In-depth portraits of challenges and successes in the classroom, practical instructional tips, and stimulating questions for reflection make the book a valuable resource for inservice and preservice teachers.

Literacy Instruction for Adolescents

Download Literacy Instruction for Adolescents PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1606233815
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Literacy Instruction for Adolescents by : Karen D. Wood

Download or read book Literacy Instruction for Adolescents written by Karen D. Wood and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thorough and accessible, this professional resource and text shows how the latest research in adolescent literacy can be translated into effective practice in middle and high school classrooms. Leading authorities discuss findings on the adolescent learner, addressing such essential topics as comprehension, content-area literacy, differentiated instruction, gender differences in literacy learning, and English language learners. With a focus on evidence-based methods, coverage ranges from techniques for building digital literacy and comprehension skills to strategies for flexible grouping and writing instruction. Ideal for courses in adolescent literacy, each chapter includes guiding questions, discussion questions, and classroom examples.

Taking Action on Adolescent Literacy

Download Taking Action on Adolescent Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ASCD
ISBN 13 : 141660541X
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (166 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Taking Action on Adolescent Literacy by : Judith L. Irvin

Download or read book Taking Action on Adolescent Literacy written by Judith L. Irvin and published by ASCD. This book was released on 2007 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the 5 steps that school leaders can take to improve student literacy in all content areas, with targeted interventions for students who are struggling the most.