Abstract Entities

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Abstract Entities

Author : Sam Cowling
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351970623
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Entities by : Sam Cowling

Download or read book Abstract Entities written by Sam Cowling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Think of a number, any number, or properties like fragility and humanity. These and other abstract entities are radically different from concrete entities like electrons and elbows. While concrete entities are located in space and time, have causes and effects, and are known through empirical means, abstract entities like meanings and possibilities are remarkably different. They seem to be immutable and imperceptible and to exist "outside" of space and time. This book provides a comprehensive critical assessment of the problems raised by abstract entities and the debates about existence, truth, and knowledge that surround them. It sets out the key issues that inform the metaphysical disagreement between platonists who accept abstract entities and nominalists who deny abstract entities exist. Beginning with the essentials of the platonist–nominalist debate, it explores the key arguments and issues informing the contemporary debate over abstract reality: arguments for platonism and their connections to semantics, science, and metaphysical explanation the abstract–concrete distinction and views about the nature of abstract reality epistemological puzzles surrounding our knowledge of mathematical entities and other abstract entities. arguments for nominalism premised upon concerns about paradox, parsimony, infinite regresses, underdetermination, and causal isolation nominalist options that seek to dispense with abstract entities. Including chapter summaries, annotated further reading, and a glossary, Abstract Entities is essential reading for anyone seeking a clear and authoritative introduction to the problems raised by abstract entities.

Abstract Entities

Author : Sam Cowling
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351970631
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Entities by : Sam Cowling

Download or read book Abstract Entities written by Sam Cowling and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of abstract entities or objects is at the very heart of metaphysics, raising fundamental questions about existence and ontology.Some deny the very existence of abstract entities, others that there is a multitude of abstract entities. This book provides a thorough introduction to the problem of abstract entities, examining the fundamental theories and debates concerning them and weighing up competing arguments and solutions.

Abstract Entities

Author : Roger Teichmann
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349218634
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (492 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Entities by : Roger Teichmann

Download or read book Abstract Entities written by Roger Teichmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992-01-13 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse

Author : Nicholas Asher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401117152
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse by : Nicholas Asher

Download or read book Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse written by Nicholas Asher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse presents a novel framework and analysis of the ways we refer to abstract objects in natural language discourse. The book begins with a typology of abstract objects and related entities like eventualities. After an introduction to `bottom up, compositional' discourse representation theory (DRT) and to previous work on abstract objects in DRT (notably work on the semantics of the attitudes), the book turns to a semantic analysis of eventuality and abstract object denoting nominals in English. The book then substantially revises and extends the dynamic semantic framework of DRT to develop an analysis of anaphoric reference to abstract objects and eventualities that exploits discourse structure and the discourse relations that obtain between elements of the structure. A dynamic, semantically based theory of discourse structure (SDRT) is proposed, along with many illustrative examples. Two further chapters then provide the analysis of anaphoric reference to propositions VP ellipsis. The abstract entity anaphoric antecedents are elements of the discourse structures that SDRT develops. The final chapter discusses some logical and philosophical difficulties for a semantic analysis of reference to abstract objects. For semanticists, philosophers of language, computer scientists interested in natural language applications and discourse, philosophical logicians, graduate students in linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.

The Existence of Abstract Entities

Author : George Alfred Wadelton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (271 download)

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Book Synopsis The Existence of Abstract Entities by : George Alfred Wadelton

Download or read book The Existence of Abstract Entities written by George Alfred Wadelton and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Abstract Objects

Author : José L. Falguera
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030382427
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Objects by : José L. Falguera

Download or read book Abstract Objects written by José L. Falguera and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-08 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the question “Do abstract objects exist?”, presenting new work from contributing authors across different branches of philosophy. The introduction overviews philosophical debate which considers: what objects qualify as abstract, what do we mean by the word "exist” and indeed, what evidence should count in favor or against the thesis that abstract objects exist. Through subsequent chapters readers will discover the ubiquity of abstract objects as each philosophical field is considered. Given the ubiquitous use of expressions that purportedly refer to abstract objects, we think that it is relevant to attend to the controversy between those who want to advocate the existence of abstract objects and those who stand against them. Contributions to this volume depict positions and debates that directly or indirectly involve taking one position or other about abstract objects of different kinds and categories. The volume provides a variety of samples of how positions for or against abstract objects can be used in different areas of philosophy in relation to different matters.

Abstract Terms and Abstract Entities

Author : Harry Alexander Beatty
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Terms and Abstract Entities by : Harry Alexander Beatty

Download or read book Abstract Terms and Abstract Entities written by Harry Alexander Beatty and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Abstract Entities and Semantical Theory

Author : Eileen Carroll
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Entities and Semantical Theory by : Eileen Carroll

Download or read book Abstract Entities and Semantical Theory written by Eileen Carroll and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Abstract Objects

Author : David Liggins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1009241389
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Objects by : David Liggins

Download or read book Abstract Objects written by David Liggins and published by . This book was released on 2024-02-28 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers often debate the existence of such things as numbers and propositions, and say that if these objects exist, they are abstract. But what does it mean to call something 'abstract'? And do we have good reason to believe in the existence of abstract objects? This Element addresses those questions, putting newcomers to these debates in a position to understand what they concern and what are the most influential considerations at work in this area of metaphysics. It also provides advice on which lines of discussion promise to be the most fruitful.

Phenomenology & Analysis

Author : Arkadiusz Chrudzimski
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110332841
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Phenomenology & Analysis by : Arkadiusz Chrudzimski

Download or read book Phenomenology & Analysis written by Arkadiusz Chrudzimski and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of twentieth century philosophy is characterized by the gap between analytic and continental philosophy - even though both have their roots in a tradition referred to as "Austrian" or "Central-European" philosophy. The essays in this volume show in historical and systematic studies, how a reassessment of this "Central-European" tradition can build an interesting bridge between phenomenology and analytic philosophy and, thus, create a new foundation that allows for an original perspective on central problems of philosophy

Abstract Entities

Author : Ash Gobar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Entities by : Ash Gobar

Download or read book Abstract Entities written by Ash Gobar and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction

Author : Giorgio Lando
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 147258368X
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction by : Giorgio Lando

Download or read book Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction written by Giorgio Lando and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parthood and composition are everywhere. The leg of a table is part of the table, the word "Christmas" is part of the sentence "I wish you a merry Christmas", the 13th century is part of the Middle Ages. The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg compose Benelux, the body of a deer is composed of a huge number of cells, the Middle Ages are composed of the Early Middle Ages, High Middle Ages, and Late Middle Ages. Is there really a general theory covering every instance of parthood and composition? Is classical mereology this general theory? Are its seemingly counter-intuitive features serious defects? Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction addresses the multifaceted and lively philosophical debates surrounding these questions, and defends the idea that classical mereology is indeed the general and exhaustive theory of parthood and composition in the domain of concrete entities. Several examples of parthood and composition, involving entities of different kinds, are scrutinised in depth. Incidentally, mereology is shown to interact in a surprising way with metaontology. Presenting a well-organized and comprehensive discussion of parthood and related notions, Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction contributes to a better understanding of a subject central to contemporary metaphysics.

Idealism

Author : Tyron Goldschmidt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198746970
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Idealism by : Tyron Goldschmidt

Download or read book Idealism written by Tyron Goldschmidt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Idealism is a family of metaphysical views each of which gives priority to the mental. The best-known forms of idealism in Western philosophy are Berkeleyan idealism, which gives ontological priority to the mental (minds and ideas) over the physical (bodies), and Kantian idealism, which gives a kind of explanatory priority to the mental (the structure of the understanding) over the physical (the structure of the empirical world). Although idealism was once a dominant view in Western philosophy, it has suffered almost total neglect over the last several decades. This book rectifies this situation by bringing together seventeen essays by leading philosophers on the topic of metaphysical idealism. The various essays explain, attack, or defend a variety of idealistic theories, including not only Berkeleyan and Kantian idealisms but also those developed in traditions less familiar to analytic philosophers, including Buddhism and Hassidic Judaism. Although a number of the articles draw on historical sources, all will be of interest to philosophers working in contemporary metaphysics. This volume aims to spark a revival of serious philosophical interest in metaphysical idealism.

Information and Knowledge Organisation in Digital Humanities

Author : Koraljka Golub
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000521192
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Information and Knowledge Organisation in Digital Humanities by : Koraljka Golub

Download or read book Information and Knowledge Organisation in Digital Humanities written by Koraljka Golub and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-24 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information and Knowledge Organisation explores the role of knowledge organisation in the digital humanities. By focusing on how information is described, represented and organised in both research and practice, this work furthers the transdisciplinary nature of digital humanities. Including contributions from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and the Middle East, the volume explores the potential uses of, and challenges involved in, applying the organisation of information and knowledge in the various areas of Digital Humanities. With a particular focus on the digital worlds of cultural heritage collections, the book also includes chapters that focus on machine learning, knowledge graphs, text analysis, text annotations and network analysis. Other topics covered include: semantic technologies, conceptual schemas and data augmentation, digital scholarly editing, metadata creation, browsing, visualisation and relevance ranking. Most importantly, perhaps, the book provides a starting point for discussions about the impact of information and knowledge organisation and related tools on the methodologies used in the Digital Humanities field. Information and Knowledge Organisation is intended for use by researchers, students and professionals interested in the role information and knowledge organisation plays in the Digital Humanities. It will be essential reading for those working in library and information science, computer science and across the humanities. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The Physical Signature of Computation

Author : Neal G. Anderson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192570293
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physical Signature of Computation by : Neal G. Anderson

Download or read book The Physical Signature of Computation written by Neal G. Anderson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-09 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Physical Signature of Computation, Neal Anderson and Gualtiero Piccinini articulate and defend the robust mapping account--the most systematic, rigorous, and comprehensive account of computational implementation to date. Drawing in part from recent results in physical information theory, they argue that mapping accounts of implementation can be made adequate by incorporating appropriate physical constraints. According to the robust mapping account, the key constraint on mappings from physical to computational states--the key for establishing that a computation is physically implemented--is physical-computational equivalence: evolving physical states bear neither more nor less information about the evolving computation than do the computational states they map onto. When this highly nontrivial constraint is satisfied, among others that are spelled out as part of the account, a physical system can be said to implement a computation in a robust sense, which means that the system bears the physical signature of the computation. Anderson and Piccinini apply their robust mapping account to important questions in physical foundations of computation and cognitive science, including the alleged indeterminacy of computation, pancomputationalism, and the computational theory of mind. They show that physical computation is determinate, nontrivial versions of pancomputationalism fail, and cognition involves computation only insofar as neurocognitive systems bear the physical signature of specific computations. They also argue that both consciousness and physics outstrip computation.

The Species Problem

Author : David N. Stamos
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739107782
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis The Species Problem by : David N. Stamos

Download or read book The Species Problem written by David N. Stamos and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2003 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative work, David N. Stamos tackles the problem of determining exactly what a biological species is: in short, whether species are real and the nature of their reality. Although many have written on this topic, The Species Problem is the only comprehensive single-authored book on this central concern of biology. Stamos critically considers the evolution of the three major contemporary views of species: species nominalism, species as classes, and species as individuals. Finally, he develops his own solution to the species problem, a solution aimed at providing a universal species concept worthy of the Modern Synthesis. This book will be of interest to philosophers of biology and of science in general, to historians of biology, and to biologists concerned with one of the most significant (and practical) conceptual issues in their field.

Abstract Objects and the Semantics of Natural Language

Author : Friederike Moltmann
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191649953
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Abstract Objects and the Semantics of Natural Language by : Friederike Moltmann

Download or read book Abstract Objects and the Semantics of Natural Language written by Friederike Moltmann and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract objects have been a central topic in philosophy since antiquity. Philosophers have defended various views about abstract objects by appealing to metaphysical considerations, considerations regarding mathematics or science, and, not infrequently, intuitions about natural language. This book pursues the question of how and whether natural language allows for reference to abstract objects in a fully systematic way. By making full use of contemporary linguistic semantics, it presents a much greater range of linguistic generalizations than has previously been taken into consideration in philosophical discussions, and it argues for an ontological picture is very different from that generally taken for granted by philosophers and semanticists alike. Reference to abstract objects such as properties, numbers, propositions, and degrees is considerably more marginal than generally held. Instead, natural language is rather generous in allowing reference to particularized properties (tropes), the use of nonreferential expressions in apparent referential position, and the use of 'nominalizing expressions', such as quantifiers like 'something'. Reference to abstract objects is achieved generally only by the use of 'reifying terms', such as 'the number eight'.