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A Water Cooled Mirror System For Synchrotron Radiation
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Book Synopsis A Water-cooled Mirror System for Synchrotron Radiation by :
Download or read book A Water-cooled Mirror System for Synchrotron Radiation written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the design and performance of a directly-cooled soft x-ray mirror system which has been developed at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for synchrotron radiation beam lines in which mirror thermal distortion must be minimized for acceptable optical performance. Two similar mirror systems are being built: the first mirror has been installed and operated at the National Synchrotron Light Source on the X-17T mini-undulator beam line and will be moved to the permanent X-1 beam line when a new, more powerful undulator is installed there. The second system is being built for installation at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory on Beam Line VI, where the total absorbed power on the mirror may be as high as 2400 W with peak absorbed power density of 520 W/cm2. Direct cooling by convection is achieved using internal water channels in a brazed, dispersion-strengthened copper and OFHC copper substrate with a polished electroless-nickel surface. A simple kinematic linkage and flexural pivot mounting provide for mirror positioning about two rotational axes that coincide with the optical surface. Surface figure metrology, optical configurations, and tolerancing are also discussed. 11 refs., 8 figs.
Book Synopsis Thermal Loading Considerations for Synchrotron Radiation Mirrors by :
Download or read book Thermal Loading Considerations for Synchrotron Radiation Mirrors written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grazing incidence mirrors used to focus synchrotron radiation beams through small distant apertures have severe optical requirements. The surface distortion due to heat loading of the first mirror in a bending magnet beam line is of particular concern when a large fraction of the incident beam is absorbed. In this paper we discuss mirror design considerations involved in minimizing the thermal/mechanical loading on vertically deflecting first surface mirrors required for SPEAR synchrotron radiation beam lines. Topics include selection of mirror material and cooling method, the choice of SiC for the substrate, optimization of the thickness, and the design of the mirror holder and cooling mechanism. Results obtained using two-dimensional, finite-element thermal/mechanical distortion analysis are presented for the case of a 6° grazing incidence SiC mirror absorbing up to 260 W at Beam Line VIII on the SPEAR ring. Test descriptions and results are given for the material used to thermally couple this SiC mirror to a water-cooled block. The interface material is limited to applications for which the equivalent normal heat load is less than 20 W/cm2.
Book Synopsis Chemical Applications of Synchrotron Radiation: X-ray applications by : Tsun-Kong Sham
Download or read book Chemical Applications of Synchrotron Radiation: X-ray applications written by Tsun-Kong Sham and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook on Synchrotron Radiation by : G.V. Marr
Download or read book Handbook on Synchrotron Radiation written by G.V. Marr and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 of this series concentrates on the use of synchrotron radiation which covers that region of the electromagnetic spectrum which extends from about 10eV to 3keV in photon energy and is essentially the region where the radiation is strongly absorbed by atmospheric gases. It therefore has to make extensive use of a high vacuum to transport the radiation to the workstation where the presence of hard X-rays can cause extensive damage to both the optics and the targets used in the experimental rigs. The topics chosen for this volume have been limited to the disciplines of physics and chemistry.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optics for High-brightness Synchrotron Radiation Beamlines by :
Download or read book Optics for High-brightness Synchrotron Radiation Beamlines written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers Publisher :SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering ISBN 13 : Total Pages :282 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Materials, Manufacturing, and Measurement for Synchrotron Radiation Mirrors by : Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers
Download or read book Materials, Manufacturing, and Measurement for Synchrotron Radiation Mirrors written by Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1997 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanical Design of the HER Synchrotron Light Monitor Primary Mirror by :
Download or read book Mechanical Design of the HER Synchrotron Light Monitor Primary Mirror written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the mechanical design of the primary mirror that images the visible portion of the synchrotron radiation (SR) extracted from the High Energy Ring (HER) of the PEP-II B-Factory. During off-axis operation, the water-cooled GlidCop mirror is subjected to a heat flux in excess of 2000 W/cm2. When on-axis imaging occurs, the heat flux due to scattered SR, resistive wall losses and Higher-Order-Mode (HOM) heating is estimated at 1 W/cm2. The imaging surface is plated with Electroless Nickel to improve its optical characteristics. The design requirements for the primary mirror are listed and discussed. Calculated mechanical distortions and stresses experienced by the mirror during on-axis and off-axis operation will be presented.
Book Synopsis Applications of Synchrotron Radiation to Materials Analysis by : H. Saisho
Download or read book Applications of Synchrotron Radiation to Materials Analysis written by H. Saisho and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-08-02 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synchroton radiation (SR) is utilized in most scientific fields. This book will therefore be useful not only for researchers engaged in analytical chemistry, and those studying the basic fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, as well as earth science, medicine, and life science but also for those engaged in research for elucidating structure of material and its function in the application fields including applied physics, semiconductor engineering, and metal engineering. The book has a highly interdisciplinary character. The outstanding characteristics of SR have also contributed to the rapid development of new fields and applications in analytical chemistry. Features of this book: • Explains the basics of SR • Facilities and instrumentation are covered to facilitate the planning of experiments using SR. • Aspects for the future development of SR are included together with an introduction to the latest techniques which are expected to find increasing use in the coming years. This book should stimulate students specializing in analytical chemistry and materials science to have an interest in SR. In addition, it will provide scientists who are beginning analytical chemistry research using SR with instructive and illustrative descriptions. The book can also be used as an explanatory text for advanced research on the application of SR.
Book Synopsis Optical Systems for Synchrotron Radiation. Lecture 2. Mirror Systems by :
Download or read book Optical Systems for Synchrotron Radiation. Lecture 2. Mirror Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of reflection of VUV and x-radiation is summarized. The functions of mirrors in synchrotron beamlines are described, which include deflection, filtration, power absorption, formation of a real image, focusing, and collimation. Fabrication of optical surfaces for synchrotron radiation beamlines are described, and include polishing of a near spherical surface as well as bending a cylindrical surface to toroidal shape. The imperfections present in mirrors, aberrations and surface figure inaccuracy, are discussed. Calculation of the thermal load of a mirror in a synchrotron radiation beam and the cooling of the mirror are covered briefly. 50 refs., 7 figs. (LEW).
Book Synopsis Modern Techniques for Circular Dichroism and Synchrotron Radiation Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy by : B.A. Wallace
Download or read book Modern Techniques for Circular Dichroism and Synchrotron Radiation Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy written by B.A. Wallace and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009-05-20 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of CD spectroscopy and its application to the problems of structural biology. In particular, the newer methods of synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) and linear dichroism (LD) are fully covered. Use of SRCD allows data between 190-160nm to be measured, where additional information content is obtained plus the ability to characterise biomolecules in diverse environments. The method has value in protein fold recognition and potential for use in structural genomics. The editors, Professor B.A. Wallace of Birkbeck College, University of London and Dr. R.W. Janes of Queen Mary College, University of London in addition to their wide research experience have extensive experience of running and teaching internationally at workshops on CD. Based on this experience, practical aspects, such as instrumentation, calibration and sampling are covered comprehensively in the book, which has been undertaken partly as a result of demand by those who participated in the workshops or by those who did not themselves participate but heard excellent reports of the workshops. The book will be of value to research workers in the general area of biophysics, to graduate students and to others entering research. Professor Wallace has been awarded the Astra Zeneca Award for 2010 by the Biochemical Society for her pioneering work on new methods of CD spectroscopy for biological studies. This book is the first volume in a new series published by IOS Press entitled Advances in Biomedical Spectroscopy, the series being edited by Dr Parvez I. Haris of De Montfort University Leicester. Each volume in the series will cover a specific spectroscopic technique for the study of biology and biological molecules.
Book Synopsis X-Ray Microscopy II by : David Sayre
Download or read book X-Ray Microscopy II written by David Sayre and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on papers presented at the International Symposium on X-Ray Microscopy held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, August 31-September 4, 1987. Previous recent symposia on the sub ject were held in New York in 1979, Gottingen in 1983 and Taipei in 1986. Developments in x-ray microscopy continue at a rapid pace, with im portant advances in all major areas: x-ray sources, optics and components, and microscopes and imaging systems. Taken as a whole, the work pre sented here emphasizes three major directions: (a) improvements in the capability and image-quality of x-ray microscopy, expressed principally in systems attached to large, high-brightness x-ray sources; (b) greater access to x-ray microscopy, expressed chiefly in systems employing small, often pulsed, x-ray sources; and (c) increased rate of exploration of applications of x-ray microscopy. The number of papers presented at the symposium has roughly dou bled compared with that of its predecessors. While we are delighted at this growth as a manifestation of vitality and rapid growth of the field, we did have to ask the authors to limit the length of their papers and to submit them in camera-ready form. We thank the authors for their con tributions and for their efforts in adhering to the guidelines on manuscript preparation.
Book Synopsis Synchrotron Radiation Research by : Herman Winick
Download or read book Synchrotron Radiation Research written by Herman Winick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has grown out of our shared experience in the development of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL), based on the electron-positron storage ring SPEAR at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) starting in Summer, 1973. The immense potential of the photon beam from SPEAR became obvious as soon as experiments using the beam started to run in May, 1974. The rapid growth of interest in using the beam since that time and the growth of other facilities using high-energy storage rings (see Chapters 1 and 3) demonstrates how the users of this source of radiation are finding applications in an increasingly wide variety of fields of science and technology. In assembling the list of authors for this book, we have tried to cover as many of the applications of synchrotron radiation, both realized already or in the process of realization, as we can. Inevitably, there are omissions both through lack of space and because many projects are at an early stage. We thank the authors for their efforts and cooperation in producing what we believe is the most comprehensive treatment of synchrotron radiation research to date.
Book Synopsis Use of Diamond-turned Mirrors for Synchrotron Radiation (SR). by :
Download or read book Use of Diamond-turned Mirrors for Synchrotron Radiation (SR). written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diamond turning technique has great interest for users of synchrotron radiation because of its ability to produce surfaces of arbitrary shape. It also has the advantage of being well adapted to producing metal optics. These are of interest because they lend themselves to water cooling and hence represent one approach to the problem of high synchrotron radiation power loadings on optical surfaces. The optical figure produced by diamond turning is generally adequate for synchrotron radiation applications. The main difficulty centers around the question of smoothness. Diamond turned surfaces must receive a final polish after machining before they are sufficiently smooth for use with ultra-violet or x-ray radiation. The manufacturing stages can be carried out by various groups in the optics industry and the National Synchrotron Light Source has procured a considerable number of mirrors and is having them polished for use on the vuv storage ring. At the time of writing one mirror has been completed and evaluated and we give the results for this and discuss the indications for the future. The important measurement of the r.m.s. height of the surface roughness has given a value of 3 +- 0.9A using total integrated scatter of visible light at normal incidence.
Book Synopsis Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Volume 2 by : Paul Yoder
Download or read book Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Volume 2 written by Paul Yoder and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Fourth Edition is different in many ways from its three earlier editions: coauthor Daniel Vukobratovich has brought his broad expertise in materials, opto-mechanical design, analysis of optical instruments, large mirrors, and structures to bear throughout the book; Jan Nijenhuis has contributed a comprehensive new chapter on kinematics and applications of flexures; and several other experts in special aspects of opto-mechanics have contributed portions of other chapters. An expanded feature—a total of 110 worked-out design examples—has been added to several chapters to show how the theory, equations, and analytical methods can be applied by the reader. Finally, the extended text, new illustrations, new tables of data, and new references have warranted publication of this work in the form of two separate but closely entwined volumes. This second volume, Design and Analysis of Large Mirrors and Structures, concentrates on the design and mounting of significantly larger optics and their structures, including a new and important topic: detailed consideration of factors affecting large mirror performance. The book details how to design and fabricate very large single-substrate, segmented, and lightweight mirrors; describes mountings for large mirrors with their optical axes in vertical, horizontal, and variable orientations; indicates how metal and composite mirrors differ from ones made of glass; explains key design aspects of optical instrument structural design; and takes a look at an emerging technology—the evolution and applications of silicon and silicon carbide in mirrors and other types of components for optical applications.
Book Synopsis Synchrotron Radiation Damage Observations in Normal Incidence Copper Mirrors by :
Download or read book Synchrotron Radiation Damage Observations in Normal Incidence Copper Mirrors written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water-cooled copper mirrors used at near-normal incidence on two beam lines at the NSLS are observed to undergo severe degradation upon exposure to the direct SR beam. These mirrors are used on beam lines designed to utilize radiation in the wavelength regions longer than 100 nm and are coated with a uv reflection-enhancing coating, consisting of one or more bilayers of aluminum with a MgF2 overcoat. Beamline performance degrades very rapidly following installation of a new set of mirrors. Analysis of the mirror surfaces by various non-destructive techniques indicates severe degradation of the coating and surface along the central strip where most of the x-ray power is absorbed from the beam. In one case where the mirror had three bilayer coatings, the outer coating layer has disappeared along the central strip. Rutherford backscatter measurements indicate compositional changes between layers and confirm the existence of a carbon deposit on the surface. Thermal modeling suggests that most of the damage is caused by direct photon interaction, since the temperature rise in the energy deposition region is small.
Download or read book EPAC 90 written by P. Marin and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1990 with total page 1054 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
