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A Survey Of Non Arched Historic Concrete Bridges In Virginia Constructed Prior To 1950
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Book Synopsis A Survey of Non-arched Historic Concrete Bridges in Virginia Constructed Prior to 1950 by : Ann Brush Miller
Download or read book A Survey of Non-arched Historic Concrete Bridges in Virginia Constructed Prior to 1950 written by Ann Brush Miller and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges are among the cultural resources that must be considered for historic significance under the Historic Preservation Act of 1966. The Virginia Transportation Research Council conducted pioneering studies of Virginia's early metal truss bridges and concrete and masonry arch bridges during the 1970s and 1980s, but no comprehensive evaluation of non-arched concrete bridges in Virginia was undertaken. The lack of information on non-arched concrete bridges made the case-by-case evaluation of these bridges in construction or maintenance projects a standard practice. Most of these studies were done by outside consultants, a time-consuming and expensive method which yielded only information about particular bridges, not comparative or contextual data on non-arched bridges as a whole. This study rectifies this lack of information and analysis of non-arched concrete bridges built before 1950 (a cut-off date chosen because, in general, a structure must be 50 years of age or older to be considered historically significant under National Register criteria). Given the average monetary cost of $10,000 per consultants' study, and an average time frame of 90 to 120 days, it is estimated that this project has already saved the Virginia Department of Transportation more than $500,000 and eliminated a typical three to four month delay for each project. Projected savings arising from this project are estimated at approximately $2.5 million over the next ten years. As construction and maintenance projects are initiated on older non-arched concrete bridges, the benefits from this survey in costs and time saved will continue to accumulate. The project consisted of field survey, data tabulation, documentary research into historic non-arched concrete bridge types, and comparison of the resulting information on bridge chronology, technology, and usage during the first half of the 20th century. Criteria for the evaluation of historic significance were developed and applied, and a final review of the results was done with the Historic Structures Task group (an interdisciplinary historic transportation study committee) and the State Historic Preservation Officer. Of 1,420 non-arched concrete bridges built before 1950, fewer than a dozen were found individually eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. This project identified Virginia's few significant bridges of this type for appropriate management, and cleared over 1,400 bridges, the great majority of Virginia non-arched concrete bridges, for necessary maintenance and upgrade.
Book Synopsis American Industrial Archaeology by : Douglas C McVarish
Download or read book American Industrial Archaeology written by Douglas C McVarish and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive guide provides the reader with basic information of the most common types of structures, sites, and objects encountered in industrial archaeology. These include bridges, railroads, roads, waterways, several types of production and extraction factories, water and power generating facilities, and others. Each chapters contains a brief introduction to the technology or features of each class of installation, illustrations with characteristics that help identifying important elements of the type, and a glossary of common terms. Two chapters offer valuable guidance on researching industrial properties and landscapes. For students, avocational archaeologists, and cultural resource management surveys, this volume will be an essential reference.
Download or read book Transportation Research Record written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Roads written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Virginia State Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Management Considerations for Cultural Resources in Virginia Department of Transportation Rights of Way by : Ann Brush Miller
Download or read book Management Considerations for Cultural Resources in Virginia Department of Transportation Rights of Way written by Ann Brush Miller and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, there are no clear guidelines for identifying and managing the wide variety of cultural resources within the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) highway rights of way. These resources include such elements as archaeological sites; military earthworks; early road beds; buildings; structures; and objects as diverse as 19th century turnpike milestones, Civil War monuments, stone boundary markers, and early waysides. This project identified the types of cultural resources that can be encountered in the VDOT rights of way, identified pertinent governing legislation and management issues, and developed written guidelines for managing these resources. Brief case studies are included of examples of issues involving cultural resources and examples of resolutions of these issues. The guidelines and case studies can be used by cultural resource personnel; administrators; environmental specialists; inspectors; contractors; and crew members associated with local headquarters, residencies, and district and central offices alike. They are applicable not only to historic (i.e., eligible for the National Register of Historic Places) sites and structures but also to items of local importance and interest. It is envisioned that the guidelines, while having obvious statewide application, could have national application. The benefits of this project are the identification and description of the types of cultural resources that can be encountered in VDOT rights of way, their governing legislation, and written guidelines for managing these resources. This descriptive information and guidelines streamline the environmental and cultural planning and management processes while facilitating VDOT personnel and contractors to act as responsible stewards of these cultural resources and to adhere to the legislative and regulatory requirements governing their treatment. Use of the descriptions and guidelines will also help VDOT personnel and contractors to avoid violating state and national statutes and misidentification or unnecessary damage to cultural resources. Avoiding such violations, misidentification, and/or damage will result in minimizing personnel time and costs and avoiding project delays.
Book Synopsis Identification and Application of Criteria for Determining National Register Eligibility of Roads in Virginia by : Ann Brush Miller
Download or read book Identification and Application of Criteria for Determining National Register Eligibility of Roads in Virginia written by Ann Brush Miller and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, there are no clear standards for applying National Register criteria to roads and for objectively researching and determining the National Register eligibility of roadways in Virginia. Basic historic documentation of Virginia roads is often poor, incomplete, or incorrect. These facts, along with the large number of old roads that lie within the borders of the Commonwealth of Virginia, necessitate the identification of standards for historical documentation and a rating system for accurately and objectively determining the historic significance of roads in Virginia. This project identified standards for historical documentation and for the identification of objective criteria for determining the historic significance (i.e., National Register eligibility) of roads in Virginia. A general historical background of roads in Virginia, procedures for their evaluation for historic significance, and a number of case studies of various types of Virginia roads are included in this report. A series of recommendations are offered to address (1) inconsistencies in the evaluation of Virginia roads for historic significance and (2) misconceptions concerning various aspects of National Register designation.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Pre-1950 Bridges for National Register Eligibility by : Richard M. Bennett
Download or read book Evaluation of Pre-1950 Bridges for National Register Eligibility written by Richard M. Bennett and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Report of the State Highway Commission ... by : Iowa. Highway Commission
Download or read book Report of the State Highway Commission ... written by Iowa. Highway Commission and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Second Ohio Historic Bridge Inventory, Evaluation and Preservation Plan by : Ohio. Department of Transportation
Download or read book The Second Ohio Historic Bridge Inventory, Evaluation and Preservation Plan written by Ohio. Department of Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended to aid planners in the consideration of both historical merit and highway use of bridges.
Book Synopsis Highway Bridges and Culverts by : B. K. Coghlan
Download or read book Highway Bridges and Culverts written by B. K. Coghlan and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon by : Dwight A. Smith
Download or read book Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon written by Dwight A. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handsome illustrations of more than two hundred bridges, including Columbia River Scenic Highway bridges, covered bridges, and magnificent coastal bridges.
Book Synopsis Reinforced Concrete Bridges by : Daniel B. Luten
Download or read book Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Daniel B. Luten and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transforming the Appalachian Countryside by : Ronald L. Lewis
Download or read book Transforming the Appalachian Countryside written by Ronald L. Lewis and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1880, ancient-growth forest still covered two-thirds of West Virginia, but by the 1920s lumbermen had denuded the entire region. Ronald Lewis explores the transformation in these mountain counties precipitated by deforestation. As the only state that lies entirely within the Appalachian region, West Virginia provides an ideal site for studying the broader social impact of deforestation in Appalachia, the South, and the eastern United States. Most of West Virginia was still dominated by a backcountry economy when the industrial transition began. In short order, however, railroads linked remote mountain settlements directly to national markets, hauling away forest products and returning with manufactured goods and modern ideas. Workers from the countryside and abroad swelled new mill towns, and merchants ventured into the mountains to fulfill the needs of the growing population. To protect their massive investments, capitalists increasingly extended control over the state's legal and political systems. Eventually, though, even ardent supporters of industrialization had reason to contemplate the consequences of unregulated exploitation. Once the timber was gone, the mills closed and the railroads pulled up their tracks, leaving behind an environmental disaster and a new class of marginalized rural poor to confront the worst depression in American history.
Book Synopsis Bridge Load Rating by : Rafael Armendariz
Download or read book Bridge Load Rating written by Rafael Armendariz and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inspection and evaluation of bridges in Indiana is critical to ensure their safety to better serve the citizens of the state. Part of this evaluation includes bridge load rating. Bridge load rating, which is a measure of the safe load capacity of the bridge, is a logical process that is typically conducted by utilizing critical information that is available on the bridge plans. For existing, poorly-documented bridges, however, the load rating process becomes challenging to adequately complete because of the missing bridge information. Currently, the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) does not have a prescribed methodology for such bridges. In an effort to improve Indiana load rating practices INDOT commissioned this study to develop a general procedure for load rating bridges without plans. The general procedure was developed and it was concluded that it requires four critical parts. These parts are bridge characterization, bridge database, field survey and inspection, and bridge load rating. The proposed procedure was then evaluated on two bridges in Indiana that do not have plans as a proof of concept. As a result, it was concluded that load rating of bridges without plans can be successfully completed using the general procedure. A flowchart describing the general procedure was created to make the load rating process more user-friendly. Additional flowcharts that summarize the general procedure for different type of bridges were also provided.
Download or read book National League for Good Roads written by and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
