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Author : A. G. James
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book A Study of Fatigue Failure in Vulcanized Rubber written by A. G. James and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gert Heinrich
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030689204
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth in Rubber Materials written by Gert Heinrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes recent international research and experimental developments regarding fatigue crack growth investigations of rubber materials. It shows the progress in fundamental as well as advanced research of fracture investigation of rubber material under fatigue loading conditions, especially from the experimental point of view. However, some chapters will describe the progress in numerical modeling and physical description of fracture mechanics and cavitation phenomena in rubbers. Initiation and propagation of cracks in rubber materials are dominant phenomena which determine the lifetime of these soft rubber materials and, as a consequence, the lifetime of the corresponding final rubber parts in various fields of application. Recently, these phenomena became of great scientific interest due to the development of new experimental methods, concepts and models. Furthermore, crack phenomena have an extraordinary impact on rubber wear and abrasion of automotive tires; and understanding of crack initiation and growth in rubbers will help to support the growthing number of activities and worldwide efforts of reduction of tire wear losses and abrasion based emissions.
Author : Maryam Hosseini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (975 download)
Download or read book Experimental Determination of Fatigue Life for International Rubber Hardness Degree 60 Engine Mount Rubber written by Maryam Hosseini and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the new millennium era, rubber materials are vigorously used in many industries including automotive that cover a wide range of applications such as tires, seals, belts, bushes and engine mounts. Rubber is an ideal material for many applications because it can withstand very large strain with no permanent deformation or fracture. The behavior of material under repeated loads differs from static loads. Elastomers fail at cyclic stress or strain amplitude much lower than static stress or strain. It is based on growth of cracks through the material. The fatigue analysis and its lifetime evaluation are very important in design procedure to assure the safety and reliability of the rubber components. Design of rubber against fatigue failure is one of the important topics to be focussed for checking the failures during its operation life. Many mechanical and environmental factors could prolong the rubber fatigue life. The fatigue failure process of materials is explained by two approaches including crack initiation and crack propagation. The present work deals with investigation of the fatigue behavior using rubber dumbbell test specimens under uniaxial loading. The material used in this study is a vulcanized natural rubber with a typical engine mount formulation and the hardness of International Rubber Hardness Degree 60. Test specimens were designed based on type 2 of MS ISO 37 standard and used for tensile and fatigue tests, both in ambient temperature. Fatigue tests were conducted under the displacement controlled condition with a sine waveform of 0.1 Hz and the ratio of the minimum displacement to the maximum displacement was equal to zero. The experimental results were presented under strain controlled condition. For investigation of the fatigue damage behavior, a theoretical equation was developed based on the continuum damage mechanics theory. The Ogden strain energy potential of first order was used for defining a constitutive relation of the natural rubber. The proposed theoretical formula was based on function of the strain range under cyclic loading to determine the fatigue life of elastomeric material. The ability of predicted fatigue life shows a reasonable agreement of 98% with experimental values. The experimental results and theoretical equation were validated with the previous experimental data which show a good agreement of 97% and 93% respectively.
Author : Judson T. Bauman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Fatigue, Stress, and Strain of Rubber Components written by Judson T. Bauman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The book is aimed at design engineers with a bachelors degree, but with little or no knowledge of rubber behavior. It is aimed at aiding the design engineer in practical service life estimations and testing of rubber materials to that end."--BOOK JACKET.
Author : Judson T. Bauman
Publisher : Hanser Verlag
ISBN 13 : 9783446416819
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (168 download)
Download or read book Fatigue, Stress, and Strain of Rubber Components written by Judson T. Bauman and published by Hanser Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers the fatigue testing of specimens, curve fitting of equations to the test data, and the use of such equations in life prediction. Earlier chapters are background in the nature of rubber, history of its usage, brief mention of types of rubber and manufacturing methods. Stress-strain testing and behavior will be covered to the extent relevant to fatigue analysis. Also the text will cover the application of finite element analysis to components to determine high stress points which are vulnerable to fatigue failure.
Author : Hee-Seung Ro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)
Download or read book Modeling and Interpretation of Fatigue Failure Initiation in Rubber Related to Pneumatic Tires written by Hee-Seung Ro and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is concerned with the multiaxial fatigue behavior of rubber related to pneumatic tires. The results provide the methodologies to predict the fatigue life in the states of complex stresses and for arbitrary geometries by utilizing experimental data from simple stress states on simple geometries. Most practical applications are under multiaxial and nonrelaxing conditions, but most of the data on fatigue life of rubber obtained from laboratories are for uniaxial and relaxing conditions. When the data are not available for actual loading conditions, the fatigue life can be evaluated from experimental data for uniaxial fatigue loading by an empirical relationship. The methodologies of predicting the crack initiation life were developed for filled SBR by the use of strain-fatigue life curves. They combine a modified Goodman relationship and the various fatigue failure theories, and were developed for linear and nonlinear models of the stress-strain relationship. The multiaxial fatigue failure approach using the total strain energy was found to give the most practical agreement with experimental data. The statistical behavior of fatigue life was investigated experimentally, and lognormal and Weibull distribution approximations were found to be acceptable from an engineering viewpoint. The lognormal distribution was, however, recommended to save experimental time. The test can be terminated after only half the number of specimens fail when a number of specimens are tested simultaneously. The statistical strain-fatigue life curves were approximated by a family of straight lines in log-log coordinates. Therefore, the data for fatigue life distribution can be extrapolated to lower strain levels and the cumulative density function can be formulated in simple forms. Also, a method of predicting the reliability of rubber components at an expected fatigue life was presented. Besides the mechanical factor affecting the fatigue failure of rubber, two other factors, temperature and environmental aging, were considered to adjust the fatigue life predicted for mechanical deformations to real operating conditions. A method of predicting fatigue life for arbitrary periodic loading was proposed, which deals with the experimental data generated by harmonic and constant amplitude loading on uniaxial strips.
Author : Roger P. Brown
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1859573304
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (595 download)
Download or read book Rubber Product Failure written by Roger P. Brown and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber components are used in many demanding applications, from tyres and seals to gloves and medical devices, and failure can be catastrophic. This review of Rubber Product Failure outlines and illustrates the common causes of failure, while addressing ways of avoiding it. There has been increasing pressure to improve performance so that rubbers can be used at higher temperatures and in harsher environments. For example, the under-the-bonnet temperature has increased in some vehicles and new medical devices require longer lifetimes in potentially degrading biological fluids. The expectations of tyre performance in particular are increasing, and retreads have been in the spotlight for failures. The definition of failure depends on the application. For example, a racing car engine seal that lasts for one race may be acceptable, but in a normal car a life span of 10 years is more reasonable. If appearance is critical as in surface coatings and paints, then discolouration is failure, whilst in seals leakage is not acceptable. Each rubber product must be fit for the use specified by the consumer. Failure analysis is critical to product improvement. the cause of the problem can be much harder to find. It can range from a design fault to poor material selection, to processing problems, to manufacturing errors such as poor dimensional tolerances, to poor installation, product abuse and unexpected service conditions. The rubber technologist must become a detective, gathering evidence, understanding the material type and using deductive reasoning. Testing and analysis of failed materials and components add to the information available for failure analysis. For example, stored aged tyres appeared superficially to be alright for use, but on drum testing small cracks grew more quickly than in new tyres leading to rapid failure in service. Quality control procedures such as product inspection, testing and material quality checks can help to reach 100 percent reliability. In critical applications such as electricians' gloves for high voltage working, gloves are inspected before each use, while engine seals may be routinely replaced before the expected lifetime to avoid problems. in the literature is not high. However, several reviews have been written on specific products and references can be found at the end of this review. Around 400 abstracts from papers in the Polymer Library are included with an index. Subjects covered include tyre wear and failure, seals, engine components, rubber bonding failure, rubber failure due to chloramine in water, tank treads, gloves and condoms, medical devices and EPDM roofing membranes.
Author : G. M. Bartenev
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483184102
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)
Download or read book Strength and Failure of Visco-Elastic Materials written by G. M. Bartenev and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strength and Failure of Visco-Elastic Materials covers the whole spectrum of durability of visco-elastic materials. The title details the contemporary state of the problems and the results of the studies done in the area of visco-elastic materials science. The text covers materials such as polymers, rubbers, and elastomers. The selection tackles visco-elastic problems, such as kinetic failures, corrosion, static fatigue, and deformation. Variables such as molecular weight and orientation, structure, environments, strain rate, and action are also discussed. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of materials science.
Author : British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780580737145
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (371 download)
Download or read book Rubber, Vulcanized. Determination of Tension Fatigue written by British Standards Institute Staff and published by . This book was released on 1911-10-31 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber, Vulcanized rubber, Plastics and rubber technology, Vulcanized materials, Natural rubber, Synthetic rubber, Physical testing, Mechanical testing, Fatigue testing, Tensile testing, Cracking, Test equipment, Test specimens, Testing conditions
Author : Abdullah Hasan
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783848496181
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (961 download)
Download or read book Fatigue in Rubber written by Abdullah Hasan and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber components subjected to fluctuating loads often fail due to the nucleation and growth of defects or cracks. This study review the rubber types with their properties and applications, review the analysis approaches that are currently available for predicting fatigue life in rubber. Both crack nucleation and crack growth approaches are considered. A discussion of each approach and applications of these approaches have been applied in engineering analysis are presented. Also review the factors that affect on mechanical fatigue life of rubber components. Four major categories of factors are reviewed here: the effects of mechanical loading history, environmental effects, effects of rubber formulation, and effects due to dissipative aspects of the constitutive response of rubber. The constitutive models are widely used in Finite Element Analysis FEA packages for rubber components are presented; and presented here the applications of FEA to study the fatigue lifetime of rubber.
Author : Alexei Melnikov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Damage and Fatigue in Cross-linked Rubbers written by Alexei Melnikov and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Damage and fatigue of elastomers have not been fundamentally understood because of the complex nature of these materials. All currently existing models are completely phenomenological. Therefore two problems have been investigated in this research to address those fundamental issues. The first problem was creating an innovative concept with a mathematical modeling, which would be able to describe the damage using molecular characteristics of elastomers. The second problem is developing new approaches to study fatigue, and especially impact fatigue of elastomers. The follow results have been obtained in this research. A theoretical model of damage has been developed which involves the basic molecular characteristics of cross-linked elastomers and takes into account the effects of viscoelasticity and stress-induced crystallization. This model was found very reliable and successful in description of numerous quasi-static simple extension experiments for monotonous and repeating loadings. It also roughly predicts in molecular terms the failure of elastomers with various degrees of cross-linking. Quasi-impact fatigue tests with different geometry of an indenter have also been performed. Some microscopic features of rubber damage have been investigated using optical microscopy and SEM. In particular, the accumulation of a completely de-vulcanized, liquid-like substance was observed under intense, multi-cycle impacts. All the findings discovered in quasi-impact experiments are consistent with the damage model predictions."--Abstract.
Author : British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780580152993
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (529 download)
Download or read book Methods of Testing Vulcanized Rubber. Determination of Resistance to Tension Fatigue written by British Standards Institute Staff and published by . This book was released on 1986-10-01 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural rubber, Synthetic rubber, Vulcanized rubber, Physical testing, Plastics and rubber technology, Mechanical testing, Fatigue testing, Tensile testing, Test equipment, Test specimens, Testing conditions, Vulcanized materials
Author : Can Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of the Fatigue Behaviour of Natural Rubber Under Different Loading and Environment Conditions written by Can Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural rubber is widely used in industrial fields owing to its good elasticity and ductility. It is important to study the fatigue behaviour of rubber because it affects the service life of rubber products. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate a protocol of rounded samples to understand how deformation, temperature, frequency, and aging impact natural rubber fatigue behavior; (2) determine the relationship between the number of fatigue life cycles and the applied load for various loading and environment conditions; (3) evaluate the macromorphology of the fracture area and observe the crack propagation rate and direction. When the frequency is below 5Hz and the deformation is 25% strain level, the crack growth rate is stable, the fracture interface is flat, and the fatigue life is long. Moreover, temperature influences include the effect of the environmental temperature and the heat generated by the self-heating of rubber.
Author : Dariusz Skibicki
Publisher : Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN 13 : 3038139033
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (381 download)
Download or read book Fatigue Failure and Fracture Mechanics written by Dariusz Skibicki and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected, peer reviewed papers from the Conference on XXIV Symposium on Fatigue Failure and Fracture Mechanics, May 22-25, 2012, Bydgoszcz-Pieczyska, Poland
Author : British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780580583247
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Rubber, Vulcanized. Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rate written by British Standards Institute Staff and published by . This book was released on 1910-04-30 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber, Vulcanized rubber, Mechanical testing, Fatigue testing, Cracking, Splitting tests, Tensile splitting tests, Loading, Test equipment, Test specimens
Author : S. Seetharamu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811547793
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Fatigue, Durability, and Fracture Mechanics written by S. Seetharamu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected papers presented during Fatigue Durability India 2019. The contents of this volume discuss advances in the field of fatigue, durability, and fracture, and cover mechanical failure and its applications. The chapters cover a wide spectrum of topics, including design, engineering, testing and computational evaluation of the components or systems for fatigue, durability, and fracture mechanics. The contents of this book will appeal not only to academic researchers, but also to design engineers, failure analysts, maintenance engineers, certification personnel, and R&D professionals involved in a wide variety of industries.
Author : James A. Donovan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Fatigue, Fracture and Wear Properties of Rubber written by James A. Donovan and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterizing the fracture properties of technologically important elastomers (non-linear, non-elastic materials) has been uncertain because of the extensive energy dissipation during deformation. The objective of the research was to evaluate the J-integral concept of fracture as a fracture characterizing parameter and to relate the fracture resistance to crack tip microstructure in carbon black filled natural rubber. Wear rate of rubber, thought to be primarily related to fracture resistance, was studied and correlated by fractal analysis to the wear surface. Fracture was characterized by the J-integral and carbon black increased fracture resistance by increasing strain induced crystallization. The research results as published papers are included. Keywords: Carbon black reinforcement, Fatigue, Fractal analysis, Fracture, J-Integral, Strain induced crystallization, Wear. (kt).
