A Simple Theory Of Multinational Corporations And Trade Off Between Proximity And Concentration

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A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade With a Trade-Off Between Proximity and Concentration

Author : S. Lael Brainard
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781330415535
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade With a Trade-Off Between Proximity and Concentration by : S. Lael Brainard

Download or read book A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade With a Trade-Off Between Proximity and Concentration written by S. Lael Brainard and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade With a Trade-Off Between Proximity and Concentration This paper develops a two-sector, two-country model, where firms in a differentiated products sector choose between exporting and multinational expansion as alternative modes of foreign market penetration, based on a trade-off between proximity and concentration advantages. The differentiated sector is characterized by multi-stage production, with increasing returns at the firm level, due to some activity such as R&D that can be spread among any number of production facilities with undiminished value, scale economies at the plant level, and a variable transport cost that rises with distance. A pure multinational equilibrium, where two-way intraindustry trade in intangibles completely supplants two-way trade in differentiated products, is possible even in the absence of factor proportion differences. It is more likely the greater are transport costs relative to the fixed cost of production, and the greater are increasing returns at the firm level relative to the plant level. The model also examines how the pattern of trade and production varies with additional stages of production. I am grateful to Paul Krugman and Julio Rotemberg for helpful discussions, and to the National Science Foundation for support under grant SES-9111649. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade with a Trade-off Between Proximity and Concentration

Author : S. Lael Brainard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade with a Trade-off Between Proximity and Concentration by : S. Lael Brainard

Download or read book A Simple Theory of Multinational Corporations and Trade with a Trade-off Between Proximity and Concentration written by S. Lael Brainard and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a two-sector, two-country model, where firms in a differentiated products sector choose between exporting and multinational expansion as alternative modes of foreign market penetration, based on a trade-off between proximity and concentration advantages. The differentiated sector is characterized by multi-stage production, with increasing returns at the corporate level associated with some activity such as R&D, scale economies at the plant level, and a variable transport cost that rises with distance. A pure multinational equilibrium, where two-way horizontal expansion across borders completely supplants two-way trade in differentiated products, is possible even in the absence of factor proportion differences. It is more likely the greater are transport costs relative to fixed plant costs, and the greater are increasing returns at the corporate level relative to the plant level. The model also establishes conditions for a mixed equilibrium, in which national and multinational firms coexist.

Multinational Firms and the Theory of International Trade

Author : James R. Markusen
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262633079
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Multinational Firms and the Theory of International Trade by : James R. Markusen

Download or read book Multinational Firms and the Theory of International Trade written by James R. Markusen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive microeconomic, general equilibrium theory and empirical analysis of multinational firms.

International Business: Theory of the multinational enterprise

Author : Alan M. Rugman
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780415247122
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis International Business: Theory of the multinational enterprise by : Alan M. Rugman

Download or read book International Business: Theory of the multinational enterprise written by Alan M. Rugman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2002 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy. (Two volume set)

Author : Kenneth A. Reinert
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400830400
Total Pages : 1329 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy. (Two volume set) by : Kenneth A. Reinert

Download or read book The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy. (Two volume set) written by Kenneth A. Reinert and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-02 with total page 1329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference to all facets of the world economy Increasing economic globalization has made understanding the world economy more important than ever. From trade agreements to offshore outsourcing to foreign aid, this two-volume encyclopedia explains the key elements of the world economy and provides a first step to further research for students and scholars in public policy, international studies, business, and the broader social sciences, as well as for economic policy professionals. Written by an international team of contributors, this comprehensive reference includes more than 300 up-to-date entries covering a wide range of topics in international trade, finance, production, and economic development. These topics include concepts and principles, models and theory, institutions and agreements, policies and instruments, analysis and tools, and sectors and special issues. Each entry includes cross-references and a list of sources for further reading and research. Complete with an index and a table of contents that groups entries by topic, The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy is an essential resource for anyone who needs to better understand the global economy. More than 300 alphabetically arranged articles on topics in international trade, finance, production, and economic development International team of contributors Annotated list of further reading with each article Topical list of entries Full index and cross-references Entry categories and sample topics: Concepts and principles: globalization, anti-globalization, fair trade, foreign direct investment, international migration, economic development, multinational enterprises Models and theory: Heckscher-Ohlin model, internalization theory, New Trade Theory, North-South trade, Triffin dilemma Institutions and agreements: European Union, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization, World Bank, Doha Round, international investment agreements Policies and instruments: dollar standard, international aid, sanctions, tariffs Analysis and tools: exchange rate forecasting, effective protection, monetary policy rules Sectors and special issues: child labor, corporate governance, the digital divide, health and globalization, illegal drugs trade, petroleum, steel

The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Globalization

Author : Jörn Kleinert
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540406365
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Globalization by : Jörn Kleinert

Download or read book The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Globalization written by Jörn Kleinert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Multinationals and Economic Geography

Author : Simona Iammarino
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781954798
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (819 download)

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Book Synopsis Multinationals and Economic Geography by : Simona Iammarino

Download or read book Multinationals and Economic Geography written by Simona Iammarino and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The world economy is subject to a rapidly increasing globalization, and multinational enterprises are their major driving force. This brand new book on multinationals and economic geography by two world leading economic geographers is a landmark that provides an integrated and dynamic perspective on the economic geography of the multinational enterprise. To fully understand this process of globalization, the book explains forcefully and persuasively that one needs a dynamic perspective on multinational enterprises that brings together disparate literatures on economic geography, knowledge and innovation, global network cities, and international business and management. Embedding it in modern theory of innovation and geography, the book provides not only a state-of-the-art of theories and empirics on the location of multinationals, but goes far beyond that. This book is an absolute "must-read" for any scholar and any student that is interested in multinationals and their location.' – Ron Boschma, Utrecht University, The Netherlands and Lund University, Sweden 'Despite often playing second fiddle to clusters in the economic geography literature, multinationals are fundamental drivers of economic development. As generators and diffusers of knowledge they have played an essential role in shaping the new world economic order. No book captures this better than Simona Iammarino and Philip McCann's Multinationals and Economic Geography, a must read for anyone eager to fully understand the new economic geography of globalisation.' – Andrés Rodríguez-Pose, London School of Economics, UK After more than fifty years of systematic research on multinational enterprises (MNEs) what is apparent is that there is, as yet, no unified or dominant theory of the MNE. The objective of this book is to bring into focus one particular dimension of MNE behaviour and activity that has been relatively under-researched – namely the geography of the multinational enterprise – as understood through the lens of innovation and technological change. The authors clearly demonstrate that geography is becoming increasingly important for MNEs and, in turn, MNEs are becoming progressively more important for economic geography. The pivot on which this vital relationship turns is the creation, diffusion and management of new knowledge. This unique book will prove a fascinating read for academics, students and researchers across a broad range of areas including geography, economic geography, regional science, international business and management, innovation studies, economic development. Professionals such as corporate managers and policymakers in these fields would also find this book to be of great interest.

Topics in Empirical International Economics

Author : Magnus Blomstrom
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226060853
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Topics in Empirical International Economics by : Magnus Blomstrom

Download or read book Topics in Empirical International Economics written by Magnus Blomstrom and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this timely volume emanating from the National Bureau of Economic Research's program in international economics, leading economists address recent developments in three important areas. The first section of the book focuses on international comparisons of output and prices, and includes papers that present new measures of product market integration, new methodology to infer relative factor price changes from quantitative data, and an ongoing capital stock measurement project. The next section features articles on international trade, including such significant issues as deterring child labor exploitation in developing countries, exchange rate regimes, and mapping U. S. comparative advantage across various factors. The book concludes with research on multinational corporations and includes a discussion of the long-debated issue of whether growth of production abroad substitutes for or is complementary to production growth at home. The papers in the volume are dedicated to Robert E. Lipsey, who for more than a half century at the NBER, contributed significantly to the broad field of empirical international economics.

The Geography of Multinational Firms

Author : Pontus Braunerhjelm
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461556759
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Geography of Multinational Firms by : Pontus Braunerhjelm

Download or read book The Geography of Multinational Firms written by Pontus Braunerhjelm and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pontus Braunerhjelm and Karolina Ekholm Over recent decades, foreign direct investment (FDI) has become a major force in the global economy. The geographical pattern of capital formation, trade and technological spillovers across countries and regions, are to an in creasing extent determined by the strategies chosen by multinational firms (MNFs). Between 1982 and 1994, the rate of growth of the global FDI stock was more than twice that of gross fixed capital formation, the growth of sales by foreign affiliates of multinational firms well exceeded that of world exports, and, by 1994, the MNFs accounted for approximately 6 percent of world output (United Nations, 1997, pp. xv-xvi). The overall mechanisms behind this rapid internationalization in terms of multinational produc tion have been attributed to the dismantling of trade barriers and the deregulation of capital markets, together with the advances in information technology that have facilitated the coordination and monitoring of inter nationally dispersed production. This development carries two important implications: First, firms operate in markets characterized by much tougher competition than only a decade ago, and, second, countries and regions are involved in competition for production to a much larger extent than before. This book addresses questions related to the location and geographical dispersion of the activities by multinational firms, a topic which has be come of increasing concern to policy-makers.

The Theory of International Trade

Author : James R. Markusen
Publisher : HarperCollins Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Theory of International Trade by : James R. Markusen

Download or read book The Theory of International Trade written by James R. Markusen and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1988 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Empirical Modelling in Regional Science

Author : Timo Mitze
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364222900X
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Empirical Modelling in Regional Science by : Timo Mitze

Download or read book Empirical Modelling in Regional Science written by Timo Mitze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-05 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic agents interact in structural relationships through time and space. This work starts from the empirical observation that all three dimensions, namely time, space, and structural functional forms, are important for an integrative framework of modern empirical analysis in regional science. The work thus aims at combining up-to-date econometric tools from the fields of spatial econometrics, panel time-series analysis and structural simultaneous equation modelling to analysis the different research questions at hand. Most of the topics dealt within this work start from a concrete empirical problem, while problem solving also aims at generating some new knowledge in a methodological way, e.g. by the complementary use of Monte Carlo simulation studies to compare the empirical performance of different estimators for specific data samples. Following a first introductory chapter, the work is structured in three parts addressing major issues in building up a stylized regional economic model such as interregional migration, factor and final demand estimation. All empirical applications use German regional data.

Comparative Analysis of FDI in China and India

Author : Swapna S. Sinha
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1581123981
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (811 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparative Analysis of FDI in China and India by : Swapna S. Sinha

Download or read book Comparative Analysis of FDI in China and India written by Swapna S. Sinha and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2008-01-06 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some emerging markets have been leaders in the world and have grown at a higher rate benefiting from higher Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) by Trans National Corporations (TNCs) and some have been laggards and have not able to attract as much FDI and grow that efficiently. Why China gets 60 billion dollars FDI annually as compared to India which does not even get 6 billion dollars, is an intriguing question? This dissertation explores the determinants of FDI in such emerging economies to answer the above question. What has India done till now to attract FDI? What has been China s strategy to become the most FDI attracting country in the world? What lessons India can learn from China and improve its FDI inflow? The study attempts to theorize what lessons emerging markets that are laggards in attracting FDI, such as India, can learn from leader countries in attracting FDI, such as China in the global economy. This study fills the gap in the literature by analyzing the Indian data at the relevant micro state level for the period 1992-2005 and comparing it with the Chinese data for period of 1978-2005 at the economic zone level. Indian FDI attraction model was tested using OLS and autoregressive models and it was found that India has grown due to its human capital, size of the market, rate of growth of the market, and political stability. For China, congenial business climate factors comprising of making structural changes, creating strategic infrastructure at SEZs, and taking strategic policy initiatives of providing economic freedom, opening up its economy, attracting diaspora, and creating flexible labor laws were identified as drivers for attracting FDI and the model using these variables was tested with OLS regression and autoregressive regression analysis and were found significant. This study might help countries such as PIN (Pakistan, Indonesia, and Nigeria) which, will follow the BRIC economies in growth, want to grow, to broaden their understanding and formulate policies to attract FDI. At the enterprise level, it might help TNCs in understanding markets and formulating entry and growth strategies in these markets.

Multinational Firms and Impacts on Employment, Trade and Technology

Author : Robert E. Lipsey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134489765
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Multinational Firms and Impacts on Employment, Trade and Technology by : Robert E. Lipsey

Download or read book Multinational Firms and Impacts on Employment, Trade and Technology written by Robert E. Lipsey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2001-12-13 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays shows the high degree of complementarity between foreign direct investment and home export, challenging the long held fear that firms investing abroad leads to a loss of employment and decline in the home country.

Real and monetary issues of international economic integration

Author : Gerhard Rübel
Publisher : Duncker & Humblot
ISBN 13 : 9783428498680
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (986 download)

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Book Synopsis Real and monetary issues of international economic integration by : Gerhard Rübel

Download or read book Real and monetary issues of international economic integration written by Gerhard Rübel and published by Duncker & Humblot. This book was released on 2015 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fragen zu internationalen Wirtschaftsbeziehungen gewinnen angesichts der zunehmenden Globalisierung auch in der Wissenschaft eine immer stärkere Bedeutung. Demgegenüber scheinen Beiträge zu außenwirtschaftlichen Themen bei wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fachtagungen in den letzten Jahren eher an Bedeutung verloren zu haben. Angesichts dieses Widerspruches wurde im April 1999 der 1. Passauer Workshop "Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen" an der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Passau ins Leben gerufen."Real and Monetary Issues of International Economic Integration" enthält zehn ausgesuchte Beiträge dieses Workshops, die sich in Teil I mit Außenhandel und Faktorbewegungen und in Teil II mit Fragestellungen internationaler Finanzen und der Makroökonomie offener Volkswirtschaften beschäftigen. Ein eigener Teil III ist dabei den Beiträgen zur Europäischen Währungsunion gewidmet, denen aufgrund der Aktualität dieses Themas eine besondere Stellung zukommt.Aufgrund der überaus positiven Resonanz und der hohen Qualität der Beiträge soll der Passauer Workshop "Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen" fortgesetzt werden. Weitere Informationen zum Workshop und zu den Autoren finden Sie im Internet unter: http://www.wiwi.uni-passau.de/lehrstuehle/ruebel/pwiw/home.htm

Foreign Direct Investment in South Asia

Author : Pravakar Sahoo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 8132215362
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment in South Asia by : Pravakar Sahoo

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in South Asia written by Pravakar Sahoo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1990s, the governments of South Asian countries acted as ‘facilitators’ to attract FDI. As a result, the inflow of FDI increased. However, to become an attractive FDI destination as China, Singapore, or Brazil, South Asia has to improve the local conditions of doing business. This book, based on research that blends theory, empirical evidence, and policy, asks and attempts to answer a few core questions relevant to FDI policy in South Asian countries: Which major reforms have succeeded? What are the factors that influence FDI inflows? What has been the impact of FDI on macroeconomic performance? Which policy priorities/reforms needed to boost FDI are pending? These questions and answers should interest policy makers, academics, and all those interested in FDI in the South Asian region and in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.

Frontiers of Research in Intra-Industry Trade

Author : P. Lloyd
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230285988
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers of Research in Intra-Industry Trade by : P. Lloyd

Download or read book Frontiers of Research in Intra-Industry Trade written by P. Lloyd and published by Springer. This book was released on 2002-06-18 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An agenda-setting contribution to the field of intra-industry trade. P.J. Lloyd and Hyun-Hoon Lee have assembled an international cast of contributors to offer a selection of models examining the nature of intra-industry trade in several new areas of trade theory, in addition to empirical studies and analysis of much new data in trade patterns. This volume provides an authoritative new treatment of the theory, measurement and testing of the subject of intra-industry trade.

Location of International Business Activities

Author : Academy of International Business .
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137472316
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Location of International Business Activities by : Academy of International Business .

Download or read book Location of International Business Activities written by Academy of International Business . and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years an extensive range of new research has been revisiting the topic of the location of international business activities, from a variety of different perspectives and background interests. This work has been inspired in part by two apparently quite different but actually related contemporary trends: on the one hand, an emergence or revitalization of clusters of activities co-located in or around selected global city regions or fast growing metropolitan areas; and on the other hand, an increased global dispersion of activities conducted within the value chains managed or coordinated by many large multinational enterprises and their business partners. The former trend has given rise to discussions of how the elite of the cultural-cognitive economy of the 21st century (in Allen Scott's terminology) or the creative class (Richard Florida's term) are now being drawn or brought back to major urban centers; while the latter trend is associated with debates over outsourcing, and the economic and social consequences of shifts in the ownership and location of distinct nodes of value chains once production systems become more fragmented and the component parts of such systems become more geographically dispersed. An increased interest in the subject of international business location has been shown by scholars in Strategic Management, in Economic Geography, and in Regional Science, as well as in our own interdisciplinary field of International Business Studies. However, as is often the case in academic research communities, these bodies of scholarship have tended to develop at something of a distance from one another, each conversing internally more than they have with one another. Location of International Business Activities aims to promote a greater conversation between those interested in the topic of Location from various different backgrounds or starting points. The articles are taken from a special issue on the theme of the Multinational in Geographic Space which was published by The Journal of International Business Studies in 2013.