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A Role For Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchored Proteins In T Lymphocyte Homeostasis
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Book Synopsis A Role for Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchored Proteins in T Lymphocyte Homeostasis by : Alessandra Ferzoco
Download or read book A Role for Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchored Proteins in T Lymphocyte Homeostasis written by Alessandra Ferzoco and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchorage of proteins to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane imparts unique properties and controversial functionality. While all GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-AP) contain a conserved GPI core structure, they represent a large class of functionally diverse proteins with known capacities for intracellular signalling, protein trafficking, and localization within membrane microdomains, termed lipid rafts (LR). Many studies have implicated GPI-AP as regulators of T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated cellular activation, however, as they are not transmembrane molecules, mechanisms underpinning their signalling capacity remain elusive. We have isolated a mutant clonal variant devoid of GPI-AP. This T cell clone produced 10-100-fold more TCR-induced interleukin (IL)-2 than the GPI-AP+ parent clone. As GPI-AP reside exclusively within LR, we hypothesized that within this signalling scaffold, they may function as essential regulators of TCR/CD3-mediated "on" and "off" signals. Model systems utilizing GPI-AP+ and GPI-AP- variants of the antigen specific, IL-2-dependent T cell clone, and primary GPI-AP- T cells were generated towards directly testing this hypothesis. In the clonal system, GPI-AP deficiency was shown to impart a prolonged TCR/CD3-induced clonal expansion, which correlated with both enhanced IL-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein production. The re-expression of GPI-AP abrogated the prolonged growth/survival phenotype, consistent with a GPI-AP-dependent attenuation of TCR/CD3 signalling. The phenotype was recapitulated in primary GPI-AP- CD4+ T cells. Hypersensitive TCR/CD3 signalling in the primary model correlated with an enhanced basal kinase activity of the Src-family protein tyrosine kinase Fyn, essential for TCR/CD3 induced IL-2 production. The role of the GPI-anchor, as opposed to that of one or more GPI-anchored proteins in supporting this phenotype was assessed using GPI-anchor sufficient, GPI-AP deficient primary T cells. Preliminary results demonstrated that the TCR/CD3-induced IL-2 phenotype of GPI+/GPI-AP- closely resembles that of GPI-AP+, wild-type T cells. While a mixed genetic background in these GPI+/GPI-AP- T cells precludes formal proof of this conclusion, results thus far attribute a potentially novel role for GPI in regulating homeostatic T cell physiology. The biological significance of the results may provide insight into the mechanism underpinning the human disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and proliferative disease states writ large.
Book Synopsis The Expression and Function of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored Proteins in Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) Cells by : Lisa Anette Mannik
Download or read book The Expression and Function of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored Proteins in Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) Cells written by Lisa Anette Mannik and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of Tissue Resident NK Cells During Homeostasis, Primary and Secondary Infection by : Silke Paust
Download or read book The Role of Tissue Resident NK Cells During Homeostasis, Primary and Secondary Infection written by Silke Paust and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-11 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rising Stars in Parasite Immunology 2021 by : Pedro H. Gazzinelli-Guimaraes
Download or read book Rising Stars in Parasite Immunology 2021 written by Pedro H. Gazzinelli-Guimaraes and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-05 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Immunology written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules by : Sangdun Choi
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules written by Sangdun Choi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 6330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this encyclopedia presents over 400 biologically important signaling molecules and the content is built on the core concepts of their functions along with early findings written by some of the world’s foremost experts. The molecules are described by recognized leaders in each molecule. The interactions of these single molecules in signal transduction networks will also be explored. This encyclopedia marks a new era in overview of current cellular signaling molecules for the specialist and the interested non-specialist alike. Currently, there are more than 30,000 genes in human genome. However, not all the proteins encoded by these genes work equally in order to maintain homeostasis. Understanding the important signaling molecules as completely as possible will significantly improve our research-based teaching and scientific capabilities.
Book Synopsis Tissue Repair, Contraction and the Myofibroblast by : Christine Chaponnier
Download or read book Tissue Repair, Contraction and the Myofibroblast written by Christine Chaponnier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-26 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue Repair, Contraction and the Myofibroblast summarizes the latest findings concerning the biology of the myofibroblast, a cell involved in the evolution and contraction of granulation tissue and of fibrotic changes. Coverage shows that the myofibroblast is responsible for the development of hypertrophic scars, pulmonary and renal fibrosis and bronchial asthma. Reviews the cell biology and pathology of the myofibroblast as well as mechanisms of fibrosis evolution in many organs and tissues.
Book Synopsis Post-Translational Modifications in Health and Disease by : Cecilio J. Vidal
Download or read book Post-Translational Modifications in Health and Disease written by Cecilio J. Vidal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-translational modifications serve many different purposes in several cellular processes such as gene expression, protein folding and transport to appropriate cell compartment, protein-lipid and protein-protein interactions, enzyme regulation, signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, protein stability, recycling and degradation. Although several-hundred different modifications are known, the significance of many of them remains unknown. The enormous versatility of the modifications which frequently alter the physico-chemical properties of the respective proteins represents an extraordinary challenge in understanding their physiological role. Since essential cellular functions are regulated by protein modifications, an improvement of current understanding of their meaning might allow new avenues to prevent and/or alleviate human and animal diseases.
Book Synopsis T Cell Activation I by : Gary A. Koretzky
Download or read book T Cell Activation I written by Gary A. Koretzky and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 20 by : Kursad Turksen
Download or read book Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 20 written by Kursad Turksen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions. This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of Springer Nature’s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the 20th volume of a continuing series.
Download or read book Fas Signaling written by Harald Wajant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fas Signaling is focused on the signaling mechanisms and biology of the prototypic death receptor Fas, also called CD95 or APO-1. The chapters of this book cover, besides the well recognized apoptosis-related functions of Fas, its emerging role as a proinflammatory cytokine and as an inducer of alternative forms of cell death. Fas Signaling aims to provide the reader with an up-to-date survey of the various aspects of Fas biology and the open questions of the field are addressed. This title is intended for Ph.D and post-doctoral students starting to work in the field, but is also useful for everyone with an interest in the biology of this exciting molecule.
Book Synopsis Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Anchoring of Proteins by : Anant Kumar Menon
Download or read book Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Anchoring of Proteins written by Anant Kumar Menon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-07-09 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of The Enzymes features high-caliber thematic articles on the topic of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring of proteins. - Contributions from leading authorities - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Book Synopsis Micro- and Nanoengineering of the Cell Surface by : Jeffrey M Karp
Download or read book Micro- and Nanoengineering of the Cell Surface written by Jeffrey M Karp and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro- and Nanoengineering of the Cell Surface explores the direct engineering of cell surfaces, enabling materials scientists and chemists to manipulate or augment cell functions and phenotypes. The book is accessible for readers across industry, academia, and in clinical settings in multiple disciplines, including materials science, engineering, chemistry, biology, and medicine. Written by leaders in the field, it covers numerous cell surface engineering methods along with their current and potential applications in cell therapy, tissue engineering, biosensing, and diagnosis. The interface of chemistry, materials science, and biology presents many opportunities for developing innovative tools to diagnose and treat various diseases. However, cell surface engineering using chemistry and materials science approaches is a new and diverse field. This book provides a full coverage of the subject, introducing the fundamentals of cell membrane biology before exploring the key application areas. - Demystifies the direct engineering of cell surfaces, enabling materials scientists and chemists to manipulate or augment cell functions and phenotypes - Provides a toolkit of micro- and nanoengineering approaches to the manipulation of the cell surface - Unlocks the potential of cell surface manipulation for a range of new applications in the fields of in vitro research, cell therapy, tissue engineering, biosensing, and diagnostics
Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
