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A Review Of The Sound Effectiveness Of Residential Smoke Alarms
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Book Synopsis A Review of the Sound Effectiveness of Residential Smoke Alarms by : Arthur Lee
Download or read book A Review of the Sound Effectiveness of Residential Smoke Alarms written by Arthur Lee and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) initiated a project to review the audibility effectiveness of residential smoke alarms for the older population. The scope of the project was broadened to address recent concerns that children may not wake to the sound of a smoke alarm. The CPSC staff estimates that in 1999 there were 337,300 unintentional residential structure fires resulting in 2,390 civilian deaths, 14,550 civilian injuries, and $4.24 billion in property losses. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) reports that, during the 24-year period from 1977 to 2001, home fires and home fire deaths dropped 49% and 47% respectively, excluding events from September 11,2001. In 2001, four of every five fire deaths occurred in home structure fires, excluding 9/11, according to NFPA.
Book Synopsis Possible Technologies for Improving the Audibility of Residential Smoke Alarms for Older Adults by : Arthur Lee
Download or read book Possible Technologies for Improving the Audibility of Residential Smoke Alarms for Older Adults written by Arthur Lee and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, there were an estimated 36 million people in the United States over the age of 65 years - just over 12% of the U.S. population. During the 20th century, the number of people 65 years and over grew from 3 million to 35 million, and is projected to grow to almost 87 million by 2050. According to a 1999 report by the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA), residential fires injure approximately 3,000 older adults each year. In comparison to the rest of the population, older adults - those over 65 years of age - represent one of the highest fire risk groups in the United States. For 1999, the fire death rate for people over 65 is 25.3 fire deaths per million, or more than twice the national average. The fire death rate increases for older age groups. For those over the age of 75, the fire death rate (32.9 fire deaths per million) is about three times the national average. Causes for the higher death rates among older adults may be associated with the physical and mental challenges related to aging. One concern is that seniors may not adequately hear or respond to smoke alarms because they commonly experience hearing loss in the frequency range at which smoke alarms operate. In 2003, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) staff initiated a project to review the audibility effectiveness of residential smoke alarms. Currently, residential smoke alarms operate at sound frequencies that may produce alarm sound characteristics poorly suited for the older population. A report of the CPSC staff work, A Review of the Sound Effectiveness of Residential Smoke Alarms, was released in 2004. The report presented a literature review of the sound effectiveness of residential smoke alarms in producing audible signals suitable for alerting older adults and for waking sleeping children. The staff also reviewed possible alternatives or modifications to current smoke alarms, such as changes in smoke alarm horn frequency, cues, or other methods that may improve alarm sound effectiveness. This report summaries work conducted by the CPSC staff to examine the feasibility of applying technical solutions, such as modifications to residential smoke alarms or the addition of secondary devices that could be triggered by an activated smoke alarm, to improve the sound effectiveness for smoke alarms. The CPSC staff built several prototype smoke alarms that could communicate with secondary devices capable of alarming at lower frequency tones. The ultimate goal of these improvements is to increase the available escape time for occupants, especially for older adults. The CPSC staff believes that improvements in smoke alarm sound effectiveness could lead to an increase in available escape time for occupants in a residential fire. The use of interconnected smoke alarms and lower frequency alarm tones may result in improved audibility, especially for older adults, which could lead to a reduction in the number of fire deaths and injuries.
Book Synopsis The Audibility of Smoke Alarms in Residential Homes, Rev. Ed by : Arthur Lee
Download or read book The Audibility of Smoke Alarms in Residential Homes, Rev. Ed written by Arthur Lee and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) staff initiated an evaluation in 2003 to review the audibility effectiveness of smoke alarms in residential homes. In this report, sound loss of a smoke alarm signal as it travels in a home is examined to determine the impact this may have on alerting occupants to a fire hazard. Sound loss measurements of smoke alarm signals in actual homes are compared to sound levels required to alert adults (without hearing or other impairment). The CPSC staff conducted sound loss measurements in three different test homes using single station smoke alarms...".
Book Synopsis Waking Effectiveness of Household Smoke and Fire Detection Devices by :
Download or read book Waking Effectiveness of Household Smoke and Fire Detection Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention by : Lynda Doll
Download or read book Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention written by Lynda Doll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention, over fifty experts present the current landscape of intervention methods - from risk reduction to rethinking social norms - as they address some of the most prevalent forms of accidental and violent injury. - Overview chapters examine the social and economic scope of unintentional and violent injury today - Extensive literature review of specific intervention programs to prevent violence and injury - Special chapters on childhood injuries, alcohol-related accidents, and disasters - "Interventions in the Field" section offers solid guidelines for implementing and improving existing programs - Critical analysis of issues involved in delivering programs to wider audiences - Helpful appendices list relevant agencies and professional resources This dual focus on intervention and application makes the Handbook a bedrock text for professionals involved in delivering or managing prevention programs. Its what-works-now approach gives it particular utility in the graduate classroom, and researchers will benefit from the critical attention paid to knowledge gaps in the field. It is a major resource for any reader committed to reducing the number of incidents just waiting to happen.
Book Synopsis Product Safety & Liability Reporter by :
Download or read book Product Safety & Liability Reporter written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sound Power Level of Fire Alarms by : James J. Ernzen
Download or read book Sound Power Level of Fire Alarms written by James J. Ernzen and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with the acoustical effectiveness of fire alarm systems. Several single unit commercial and residential fire alarms currently on the market were tested to determine their sound power levels, directivity, and frequency spectra. Facilities used to determine these characteristics included both an anechoic chamber and a reverberation room. The thesis also evaluated the acoustic response of a handball court as a reverberand environment. The need for a rotating air diffuser is also discussed and its design and construction described. (Author).
Book Synopsis 108-1 Hearings: Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations For 2004, Part 5, February 26, 2003, * by :
Download or read book 108-1 Hearings: Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations For 2004, Part 5, February 26, 2003, * written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :686 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (11 download)
Book Synopsis Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 2004: American Battle Monuments Commission ... Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Office of Inspector General by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 2004: American Battle Monuments Commission ... Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Office of Inspector General written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Audibility of Smoke Alarms in Residential Homes by : Arthur Lee
Download or read book The Audibility of Smoke Alarms in Residential Homes written by Arthur Lee and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In CPSC staff tests, an alarm traveling from the basement to the second floor and through a door produced sound levels around 30 dBA, which would most likely not awaken an unimpaired adult, even with no background noise present. Smoke alarms in homes are effective in alerting occupants only if the sound can be heard. The complexity of the path that the sound must travel plays an important role in the resultant sound level. A home with narrow hallways, turns, and multiple levels results in lower sound levels throughout the home compared to a home with an open floor plan and fewer turns. The following conclusions, applicable to unimpaired adults, may be drawn from this report.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :692 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 2004 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 2004 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating the Effectiveness of Residential Smoke Alarms in Greenville, North Carolina by : Tony L. Smart
Download or read book Evaluating the Effectiveness of Residential Smoke Alarms in Greenville, North Carolina written by Tony L. Smart and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The City of Greenville Fire/Rescue Department has an established history of being a leader in many life safety initiatives within eastern North Carolina. Greenville has experienced difficulties, however, regarding smoke alarm activation in residential occupancies. This Applied Research was initiated to identify the overall effectiveness of smoke alarm operation in residential occupancies within Greenville, NC, and to identify solutions to any deficiencies.
Book Synopsis Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards by : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Burns Volume 1 by : Marc G. Jeschke
Download or read book Handbook of Burns Volume 1 written by Marc G. Jeschke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the entire spectrum of acute burn treatment. Individual chapters deal with basic aspects of different burn mechanisms as well as the acute care of burn patients. Pre-hospital management, critical care and basic concepts of burn surgery related to the acute phase, as well as the use of skin and skin substitutes in early stages of therapy are addressed in this volume. Chapters on supportive therapies such as optimizing nutrition and fluid homeostasis, infection control and treatment, respiratory support and pain management complete the comprehensive approach to the patient in this early stage of treatment, while chapters on epidemiology, prevention and disaster management enable the reader to evaluate the given information in a broader context.
Book Synopsis Residential Fire Safety by : Marcus Runefors
Download or read book Residential Fire Safety written by Marcus Runefors and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-27 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of deaths and injuries from residential fires as well as the most up to date information on evidence-based approaches to reduce this problem. The volume serves as a guide for professionals working in the field of fire prevention and as a textbook for instruction in universities and fire service schools. The authors’ interdisciplinary approach, where public health methodology is combined with fire protection engineering, medicine, and policy science, is quite distinctive outside of the technical literature devoted to larger scale fire events. Traditional textbooks on fire protection tend to describe the problem as purely technical, whereas in essence it is a problem of human vulnerability. In this book, readers will find lucid and rigorous descriptions of various risk groups and effective preventive measures that are effective, both in general and with respect to the different risk groups. They will also find work processes to facilitate risk reduction. Summarizing state-of-the-art knowledge and giving guidance for the future, both in terms of preventive efforts and ongoing research, Residential Fire Safety: An Interdisciplinary Approach, is ideal for students, educators, and practitioners of residential fire protection.
Download or read book Fire Technology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The GAO Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
