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Download or read book A Review of the Pathways of Technetium-99 in the Environment with Particular Reference to a Freshwater Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : G. Desmet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400941897
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Technetium in the Environment written by G. Desmet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of technetium (in 1937, by Perrier and Segre), technetium-99 and technetium-99m have become most familiar in the specialised literature, the behaviour of the former being of concern regarding its health impact, the latter having been used intensively in medical tests for many years. The knowledge of the characteristics and behaviour of this element in nature is currently increasing exponentially. It has become clear, however, that there is still a serious shortage of information needed to assess properly its burden and impact on man and his environment. Technetium may indeed be released from nuclear installations or as a waste product from medical applications. It is generally considered to be highly mobile as the anion TcOi, but it is also suspected to be readily reduced in soils and metabolised in living beings into lower oxidation states. The seminar was planned to analyse thoroughly the experimental results obtained up to now and to make recommendations of specific issues requiring further research. This book presents the papers of the different sessions in the order of presentation, and the conclusions drawn by three discussion groups which dealt separately with: problems of sources and distribution of man-made technetium and its radiological consequences; the chemical behaviour of technetium in different ecosystems; biochemical reactions and binding with macromolecules in various life systems. vi Preface The editors, together with the Programme Committee of the Seminar, wish to express their gratitude to the chairmen of the different sessions for their summary of the group discussions.
Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201130099
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Parameter Values for the Prediction of Radionuclide Transfer in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides data for use in assessments of routine discharges of radionuclides to terrestrial and freshwater environments. Some of the data may also be useful for assessing the impacts of accidental releases and releases in the future.
Author : United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR)
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 9210600029
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) 2016 Report written by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2017-04-25 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses the levels and effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. Scientific findings underpin radiation risk evaluation and international protection standards. This report comprises a report with two underpinning scientific annexes. The first annex recapitulates and clarifies the philosophy of science as well as the scientific knowledge for attributing observed health effects in individuals and populations to radiation exposure, and distinguishes between that and inferring risk to individuals and populations from an exposure. The second annex reviews the latest thinking and approaches to quantifying the uncertainties in assessments of risk from radiation exposure, and illustrates these approaches with application to examples that are highly pertinent to radiation protection.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1060 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher : International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN 13 : 9789201007148
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Parameter Values for the Prediction of Radionuclide Transfer to Wildlife written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2014 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides generic parameter values for estimating the transfer of radionuclides from environmental media to wildlife for the purpose of assessing potential radiation exposure under equilibrium conditions. These data are intended for use where site specific data are either not available or not required, and to parameterize generic assessment models. They are based on a comprehensive review of the available literature, including many Russian language publications that have not previously been available in English. The publication addresses the limitations of the parameter values and the applicability of data. Some general background information on the assessment of potential impacts of radioactive releases on wildlife is also included. It complements the existing handbook in the same IAEA series with parameter to assess the radiological impact to humans.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309255716
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Author : Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069327
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Natural Attenuation for Groundwater Remediation written by Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, officials responsible for clean-up of contaminated groundwater have increasingly turned to natural attenuation-essentially allowing naturally occurring processes to reduce the toxic potential of contaminants-versus engineered solutions. This saves both money and headaches. To the people in surrounding communities, though, it can appear that clean-up officials are simply walking away from contaminated sites. When is natural attenuation the appropriate approach to a clean-up? This book presents the consensus of a diverse committee, informed by the views of researchers, regulators, and community activists. The committee reviews the likely effectiveness of natural attenuation with different classes of contaminants-and describes how to evaluate the "footprints" of natural attenuation at a site to determine whether natural processes will provide adequate clean-up. Included are recommendations for regulatory change. The committee emphasizes the importance of the public's belief and attitudes toward remediation and provides guidance on involving community stakeholders throughout the clean-up process. The book explores how contamination occurs, explaining concepts and terms, and includes case studies from the Hanford nuclear site, military bases, as well as other sites. It provides historical background and important data on clean-up processes and goes on to offer critical reviews of 14 published protocols for evaluating natural attenuation.
Author : Kevin J. Noone
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0124076610
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate written by Kevin J. Noone and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate summarizes the current state of several threats to the global oceans. What distinguishes this book most from previous works is that this book begins with a holistic, global-scale focus for the first several chapters and then provides an example of how this approach can be applied on a regional scale, for the Pacific region. Previous works usually have compiled local studies, which are essentially impossible to properly integrate to the global scale. The editors have engaged leading scientists in a number of areas, such as fisheries and marine ecosystems, ocean chemistry, marine biogeochemical cycling, oceans and climate change, and economics, to examine the threats to the oceans both individually and collectively, provide gross estimates of the economic and societal impacts of these threats, and deliver high-level recommendations. Nominated for a Katerva Award in 2012 in the Economy category State of the science reviews by known marine experts provide a concise, readable presentation written at a level for managers and students Links environmental and economic aspects of ocean threats and provides an economic analysis of action versus inaction Provides recommendations for stakeholders to help stimulate the development of policies that would help move toward sustainable use of marine resources and services
Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201124098
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Programmes and Systems for Source and Environmental Radiation Monitoring written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this Safety Report is to complement IAEA Safety Guide RS-G-1.8 and to provide the methodological and technical details of the design and operation of monitoring programmes for different radionuclides, environmental media and types of facility. It also covers general issues of emergency monitoring during and in the aftermath of an accidental release of radionuclides and gives an outline of dose assessment procedures based on monitoring data and the reporting of information to the regulatory body.
Author : John Risher
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 143793076X
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Selenium (Update) written by John Risher and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selenium (SE) and its compounds are used in photographic devices, gun gluing, plastics, paints, anti-dandruff shampoos, vitamin and mineral supp., fungicides, and glass. It is also used to prepare drugs and as a nutritional feed supp. for poultry and livestock. This profile includes: (a) The exam¿n. of toxicologic info. and epidemiologic evaluations on SE to ascertain the levels of significant human exposure for the substance and the chronic health effects; (b) A determination of whether adequate info. on the health effects of SE is avail. to determine levels of exposure that present a significant risk to human health (SRHH); and (c) Ident¿n. of toxicologic testing needed to identify the types of exposure that may present SRHH. Illus. A print on demand pub.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309086256
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-03 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Author : J. A. McCleverty
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0080913164
Total Pages : 11845 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II written by J. A. McCleverty and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2003-12-03 with total page 11845 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II (CCC II) is the sequel to what has become a classic in the field, Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry, published in 1987. CCC II builds on the first and surveys new developments authoritatively in over 200 newly comissioned chapters, with an emphasis on current trends in biology, materials science and other areas of contemporary scientific interest.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Sulfur Trioxide and Sulfuric Acid written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David A. Atwood
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118632699
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Radionuclides in the Environment written by David A. Atwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-19 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear energy is the one energy source that could meet the world's growing energy needs and provide a smooth transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy in the coming decades and centuries. It is becoming abundantly clear that an increase in nuclear energy capacity will, and probably must, take place. However, nuclear energy and the use of radionuclides for civilian and military purposes lead to extremely long-lived waste that is costly and highly problematic to deal with. Therefore, it is critically important ot understand the environmental implications of radionuclides for ecosystems and human health if nuclear energy is to be used to avoid the impending global energy crisis. The present volume of the EIC Books series addresses this critical need by providing fundamental information on environmentally significant radionuclides. The content of this book was developed in collaboration with many of the authors of the chapters. Given the enormity of the subject the Editor and the Authors had to be judicious in selecting the chapters that would appropriately encompass and describe the primary topics, particularly those that are of importance to the health of ecosystems and humans. The resulting chapters were chosen to provide this information in a book of useful and appropriate length. Each chapter provides fundamental information on the chemistry of the radionuclides, their occurrence and movement in the enivornment, separation and analyses, and the technologies needed for their remediation and mitigation. The chapters are structured with a common, systematic format in order to facilitate comparions between elements and groups of elements. About EIC Books The Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry (EIC) has proved to be one of the defining standards in inorganic chemistry, and most chemistry libraries around the world have access either to the first of second print editon, or to the online version. Many readers, however, prefer to have more concise thematic volumes, targeted to their specific area of interest. This feedback from EIC readers has encouraged the Editors to plan a series of EIC Books, focusing on topics of current interest. They will appear on a regular basis, and will feature leading scholars in their fields. Like the Encyclopedia, EIC Books aims to provide both the starting research student and the confirmed research worker with a critical distillation of the leading concepts in inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry, and provide a structured entry into the fields covered. This volume is also available as part of Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, 5 Volume Set. This set combines all volumes published as EIC Books from 2007 to 2010, representing areas of key developments in the field of inorganic chemistry published in the Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry. Find out more.
Author : Jukka Lehto
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527633022
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Chemistry and Analysis of Radionuclides written by Jukka Lehto and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by chemists for chemists, this is a comprehensive guide to the important radionuclides as well as techniques for their separation and analysis. It introduces readers to the important laboratory techniques and methodologies in the field, providing practical instructions on how to handle nuclear waste and radioactivity in the environment.
