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A Qualitative Study On The Perceptions Of African American Family Strengths Health And Childhood Obesity
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Book Synopsis A Qualitative Study on the Perceptions of African-American Family Strengths, Health and Childhood Obesity by : Chiquita A. Briley
Download or read book A Qualitative Study on the Perceptions of African-American Family Strengths, Health and Childhood Obesity written by Chiquita A. Briley and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Perceptions of Weight-related Health in African American Families by : Amy Kristen Foster
Download or read book Perceptions of Weight-related Health in African American Families written by Amy Kristen Foster and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Look at African-American Maternal Beliefs and Perceptions Regarding Childhood Obesity by : Cecilia Gingell
Download or read book A Look at African-American Maternal Beliefs and Perceptions Regarding Childhood Obesity written by Cecilia Gingell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis African American Fathers' Perceptions of Childhood Overweight by : Vanessa Michelle Byrd
Download or read book African American Fathers' Perceptions of Childhood Overweight written by Vanessa Michelle Byrd and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood overweight/obesity (CHO) is a serious health concern for children and adolescents. Despite increased efforts to prevent CHO, prevalence rates have actually increased. Evidence suggests that parents are critical to successful interventions to reduce CHO among children. While research efforts aimed at parental inclusion have increased, limited research has been conducted to investigate fathers' perception of CHO, or their influences on their children's health. The objective of this two-phase study was to answer three research questions: a) How does the extant literature operationalize African American parental perceptions of childhood overweight/obesity? b) What are African American fathers' perceptions of CHO? and c) How do African American fathers perceive CHO in relation to their own child's weight status? Evidence-based studies reveal that fathers have the potential to play a significant role in CHO prevention. Phase one (literature review) revealed that published studies on parental perception of CHO either exclude fathers, include them only in data collection, and/or report no results specific to paternal perception. Thus, an exploratory qualitative study was needed to explore African American fathers' perceptions of CHO. In phase two (qualitative study), four fathers were interviewed about their perceptions of CHO and how they contextualize this problem. The results indicated fathers believe that weight categories are racially & culturally insensitive and do not account for individual health status or differences in body/bone structure, and that parents with overweight children are financially disadvantaged, irresponsible and overworked. Fathers also indicated that colloquial terms (e.g., chunky, husky, big-boned, thick) were commonly substituted medical definitions for overweight and that child/teen sports participation was motivated by health, as well as non-health related benefits (e.g., competitiveness, educational scholarships). Further, fathers' identification of CHO is subjective and includes visual means and parental assessment of health status (e.g., child mobility/activity levels). Implications of this study are that additional studies are needed to clarify fathers' roles in CHO and that future studies should consider complex familial structures, as well as reframe prevention efforts to focus on optimal child health as opposed to weight labeling and focusing on parents' accuracy in identifying weight categories.
Book Synopsis Associations Among African American Parent Education, Perceptions, Behaviors, and Child Weight Status by : Tracey Marie Barnett
Download or read book Associations Among African American Parent Education, Perceptions, Behaviors, and Child Weight Status written by Tracey Marie Barnett and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Obesity in children and adolescents is a worldwide epidemic that is anticipated to worsen over time (Budd & Volpe, 2006; Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005; Hossain, Kawar, & El Nahas, 2007). Within the past 30 years, the prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has more than doubled among children and quadrupled in adolescents (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). People often have inaccurate perceptions of their body size and weight status and this may play a key role in the prevalence of obesity especially for ethnic minorities (Gillard, Lackland, Mountfored, & Egan, 2007; Hendley, et al., 2011). In order to combat child obesity, it is imperative for future research to explore the phenomenon of parent education, behaviors, perceptions and the impact on child weight status within a strong theoretical conceptual model. The purpose of this dissertation is to build a theoretical conceptual model and testable model to understand the associations among African American parent education, behaviors, and perceptions of their child's body size and the impact on their child's weight status. Methods: The School Physical Activity and Nutrition survey (SPAN) was developed using a repeated cross-sectional study design to estimate changes in body mass index (BMI) by three major racial/ethnic groups (African Americans, Hispanics, and whites/others) in Texas public school children (Hoelscher, Day, Lee, Frankowski, Kelder, Ward & Scheurer, 2003). For this study, only African American 4th grade students (n=372) and their parents (n=372) will be used. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple regression, moderation, and mediation analysis. Results: Findings suggest that a parent's level of education had a direct impact on health knowledge and discrimination. Parent perceptions of their child's body size was directly associated with child weight status, but parent weight status moderated this relation. The number of children living in the home had a direct impact socioeconomic status (SES), SES had a direct impact on stress, and stress had a direct impact on parenting rules and discipline. The more physical activity parents did with their children, the lower their child's weight status, however, parent weight status mediated this relation. Lastly, as the consumption of more healthy foods increased, so did the child's weight status. Implications: The findings of this study offer a comprehensive picture of how parent education, perceptions and behaviors impact child weight status. These results highlight suggested areas that may be used by social work practitioners, researchers, and policy makers when working African American parents and their children. This study also suggests a final robust theoretical conceptual model of theory and evidence-based literature to guide future research.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Needs Assessment by : Susan L. Trach
Download or read book A Needs Assessment written by Susan L. Trach and published by . This book was released on with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incidence of pediatric obesity is increasing in America and along with it, increasing health risks. African-American children from low-income households are particularly at risk for becoming obese, especially during adolescence. More than 70% of the children treated at Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia are from low-income, African-American homes. Thirty percent of these clients are overweight or obese. In order to develop an effective weight-management program for this high-risk population, a pilot qualitative study/needs assessment was conducted. For this study, physicians identified patients between 10 and 18 years old who were greater than 120% of their Ideal Body Weight, with Body Mass Indexes equal to, or greater than, the 95th percentile and referred them to the clinic dietitian. Consent to perform the needs assessment was obtained from 5 females and 1 male, all between the ages of 15 and 18 years old. Subjects were assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire, a diet-history form and a needs-assessment questionnaire. Questions covered eating habits, activity level, nutrition knowledge, family history of weight problems, potential for family involvement and attitudes toward being overweight. The results showed a high intake of high-fat foods and sweetened beverages and low levels of physical activity in subjects. High levels of sedentary activity, such as watching television, were also noted. Nutrition knowledge was not extensive, but was comparable to other teens in America. In addition, all subjects had other family members who were also overweight (i.e., parents or siblings), yet family support was perceived as being good with potential for parental involvement. Lastly, inconsistent with previous research regarding attitudes towards weight loss in African-Americans, all subjects were very interested in losing weight. From this preliminary study, it appears as though a weight-management program for African-American adolescents should included culturally appropriate nutrition-education and behavioral-modification components for both patients and their families, as well as ways to help increase physical activity and limit sedentary activities. The clinical team for such a program will likely need to include clinic physicians, a nutritionist, a psychologist and physical-education instructors. Because this initial study was too small to be generalizable to the entire clinic population, continued research will be needed to verify these findings and conclusions. Future studies should also look at younger children and differences in children related to gender.
Book Synopsis Preventing Childhood Obesity by : Dayna S. Alexander
Download or read book Preventing Childhood Obesity written by Dayna S. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Preventing childhood obesity is a global priority due to adverse health risks and financial burdens. With childhood obesity rates stabilizing it is difficult to determine which factors alone (i.e., genetic, environmental, behavioral, or demographic) increase susceptibility to childhood obesity. Parents influence childhood obesity risk factors through their parenting styles and behaviors. Social behavioral theories and public health evidence demonstrate including parents in childhood obesity efforts could assist in reducing childhood obesity rates. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions of childhood obesity among African Americans with children enrolled in a rural elementary school in the Deep South. The concurrent mixed methods study utilized a fifty-nine item questionnaire and fourteen semi-structured interview guide to collect information on perceptions of risk factors, health complications, weight status of the child, the built environment, and prevention strategies. Using a convenience sample, participants ages 22-65, completed a paper-based survey (n=135) and participated in a face-to-face interview (n=12). Descriptive statistics were obtained from the surveys. A six-step process was used for qualitative analysis. Participants commonly cited behavioral risk factors as a contributing cause of childhood obesity; yet, they did not believe social aspects and appearance of the community were contributing factors. Also diabetes, hypertension, and stroke were health complications reported by participants. Analysis of the surveys and interviews revealed that participants assessed their child's weight and height status by child's appearance or the child's recent doctor visit. In addition, few participants had a distorted view of their child's weight status. Barriers reported by participants included safety and insufficient physical activity venues and programs. Furthermore, participants believed parents played a vital role in the prevention of childhood obesity. Findings suggest that programs and interventions would be effective by focusing on parental concerns in rural communities. In addition, engaging parents in the design, implementation, and evaluation of these efforts would be beneficial. Obesity prevention efforts must address parent's individual choices, lifestyles, and the external environment of the rural community.
Book Synopsis Relationship Between Family Income And Obesity by : Charles D. Boison, PhD
Download or read book Relationship Between Family Income And Obesity written by Charles D. Boison, PhD and published by Book Venture Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American participants living in Durham, North Carolina (NC). Studies have shown low income African Americans are disproportionately affected by chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol, due to poor eating habits or diets. Some studies have also reported higher rates of obesity amongst high income earners. The purpose of this research is to address the inconsistency, as well as fill the gap in the literature on this topic.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of African American Fathers' Perceptions and Influences on Child Food Choices and Physical Activity Behaviors by : Valerie Annette Richardson
Download or read book An Evaluation of African American Fathers' Perceptions and Influences on Child Food Choices and Physical Activity Behaviors written by Valerie Annette Richardson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child obesity is affecting children's health nationwide. Rates are highest among African Americans (AA) in the South. Research has explored parents' influence on child eating and activity, but most has reported on mothers' influences. The purpose of this research was to investigate perceptions about AA fathers' influences on their children's eating and physical activity. Using a structured focus group questionnaire based on the parent layer constructs of Birch and Ventura's Ecological Model for Child Overweight (2009), four focus groups were conducted with 28 AA fathers with children 6- to 11- years-old in a rural and an urban church setting in southeast Louisiana. Data was coded using deductive content analysis and a matrix based on model constructs. Most fathers were knowledgeable about healthy eating but indicated that fathers' typical focus in feeding their children was simply making sure they were not hungry. Cultural food preferences influenced rural fathers' diets more than urban, but both groups agreed that their children's diets were more influenced by the fast food environment. Fathers were involved with food shopping, with food preferences, health, and cost affecting their food purchases. Most affirmed providing support for their children's physical activity and monitoring their children's screen time as important. Participants believed that AA fathers intensely influence their children, especially boys, in many aspects of their lives, including eating and physical activity. Fathers stated that study participation made them more aware of their responsibility and potential influences on their children's eating and physical activity habits, and of the importance of role modeling and educating their children about healthy lifestyles, so that their children did not experience the burden of chronic disease typical for their own generation. Findings suggest the relevance of the parent constructs of the Child Overweight Ecological Model to the population of interest and support a body of literature indicating that fathers should be an intervention focus. Future research should explore AA fathers' knowledge and practices related to child feeding, the specific ways in which they provide support for children's activity and monitor sedentary behavior, and ways to support fathers' role modeling of healthy eating and physical activity. --Page ii.
Book Synopsis Perceptions and Concerns of Healthy Eating in Low-income African American Mothers of Preschoolers by : Lauren Porter
Download or read book Perceptions and Concerns of Healthy Eating in Low-income African American Mothers of Preschoolers written by Lauren Porter and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Health disparities are prevalent in the U.S, with low-income African American children suffering from higher rates of obesity and chronic diseases compared to White children. Currently, little is known about parental perceptions of healthy eating, and concerns related to child health and weight in this at-risk population. The main purpose of this study was to examine perceptions, motivating factors and barriers to healthier eating in a sample of low-income African American parents of 3-5 year old children. The second purpose was to assess parental concerns about health and/or weight and to examine the accuracy of parental perceptions of child weight status. Participants were recruited from Head Start Programs in North Carolina. The Social Cognitive Theory constructs guided focus groups and a survey administered to the participants. Content analysis of 8 focus groups generated the following themes: 1) lack of nutrition knowledge and misconceptions; 2) healthy meals are home-cooked, include meat and starch; 3) family members, lack of maternal modeling, and child pickiness are main barriers to healthier eating; 4) strong awareness of family history of chronic disease, including obesity; 5) lack of concern about child's current weight. Over 25% of mothers underestimated their child's weight status. Our findings highlight important maternal perspectives influencing children's diet quality and long-term health outcomes among low-income at-risk preschoolers. Nutrition educators should be aware that low-income African American mothers may be aware of chronic disease risks, but do not perceive food choices in early childhood as having strong impact on the child's future health."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Book Synopsis An Exploratory Study of Child Obesity Concerns Among African-American Children and Parents by : Karla E. Bailey
Download or read book An Exploratory Study of Child Obesity Concerns Among African-American Children and Parents written by Karla E. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity is reaching epidemic levels in the United States with current prevalence rates at more than three times the "Healthy People 2000" goal. African Americans, other minorities, and low SES populations are disproportionately affected, and the adverse cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine health implications typically associated with adult obesity are now evident in children. Developing effective child obesity communication messages and interventions to reach African Americans is critical if the prevalence trends and health disparities are to be reversed. This exploratory study sought to add to the literature by examining the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of an indicated group of young overweight African American children and their parents, and by better describing their felt experience. Principles of community psychology informed the philosophy and implementation of the study, as resulting guidance for community-based interventions was sought. This area of psychology also offers a collaborative approach to entering and working with communities, such as African Americans, who have shown suspicion to traditional research and also in this instance may not be motivated for change. Eighteen subjects participated in separate parent and child focus groups, and the data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's (1998) grounded theory method. Nine key qualitative themes and directional implications from a parent survey are described in the results. Additionally, in order to understand clinical implications, two hybridized case studies representing prototypical client presentations were developed from the data and analyzed using Fishman's (1999) pragmatic case study method. The cases represent a client who might be more responsive to intervention and one whose clinical presentation and situational characteristics suggest more barriers to treatment. A detailed case comparison further explicates attendant factors that are likely to affect communication messages, outreach, and treatment outcome with these types of clients. Study limitations are discussed, and the report concludes with implications for future community-based research and treatment, specifically with African Americans.
Book Synopsis Perceptions of Childhood Overweight by : Kirstin Quigley Siemering
Download or read book Perceptions of Childhood Overweight written by Kirstin Quigley Siemering and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mexican American Mothers' Perceptions of Childhood Obesity and Their Role in Prevention by : Erica Tobias Sosa
Download or read book Mexican American Mothers' Perceptions of Childhood Obesity and Their Role in Prevention written by Erica Tobias Sosa and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The childhood obesity epidemic continues to escalate, disproportionately impacting Mexican American children. It is unclear how Mexican American mothers, who are at high-risk of rearing obese children, perceive childhood obesity, prevention or their role in prevention. Three studies - a systematic literature review, a qualitative study focusing on Mexican American mothers' perceptions of childhood obesity, and a qualitative study examining Mexican American mothers' perceptions regarding childhood obesity prevention and their role in prevention - were used to address this research question. The first study is a systematic review of the literature regarding Mexican American mothers' perceptions of childhood obesity and their role in prevention. Four databases were searched for relevant articles and 22 studies met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Social Cognitive Theory was used to sort similar findings across studies and identify scarce areas researched. Major findings included: (a) mothers felt inadequate to be role models for their children's healthy behaviors, (b) mothers did not identify short-term consequences of childhood obesity, (c) only 23% of studies explicitly used a theoretical framework to guide their study, and (d) most studies used heterogeneous groups (including all caretakers, including all Hispanics/Latinos) to discuss perceptions. The second study used naturalistic inquiry to examine mothers' perceptions regarding childhood obesity, its causes and its consequences. Using a Social Ecological Model adapted to childhood obesity, the study examined causes of childhood obesity at different levels of influence - intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community. Obesity was identified as an adult issue by the mothers. Mothers were more aware of the health risks associated with having underweight children rather than overweight children. Lastly, mothers identified overweight children as those who are suffering from consequences. The third study used a narrative inquiry approach to qualitatively investigate mothers' perceptions. Mothers suggested several ways parents could prevent childhood obesity and overweight among their children. However, fathers, grandparents and schools could unintentionally counter mothers' efforts to encourage healthful behaviors. Mothers identified a lack of ability to speak English, feelings of guilt associated with limiting food intake, and a lack of knowledge and skills as impediments in carrying out obesity preventive behaviors within the home.
Book Synopsis An Examination of Household Environmental Influences on Healthy Eating Behaviors Among African American Primary Caregivers and Children by : Tya Michelle Arthur
Download or read book An Examination of Household Environmental Influences on Healthy Eating Behaviors Among African American Primary Caregivers and Children written by Tya Michelle Arthur and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The burden of obesity and related health conditions is particularly high among African Americans and low-income families. A large body of evidence demonstrates the benefit of following a diet recommended by federal dietary guidelines in reducing obesity risk and promoting overall health. The environment plays an important role in the development of childhood obesity by influencing mechanisms related to dietary behavior patterns. This study used secondary data from a Texas state and national survey of Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participants prior to the implementation of food package changes in 2009. The purpose of the study was to describe diet quality, examine relationships between diet quality and sociodemographic factors, and investigate household environmental influences on fruit and vegetable consumption among African American children. A healthy food indicator with four components indicative of a healthy diet, namely fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat milk, was used to measure diet quality. African American women and children in this study0́s sample did not meet the standards for a healthy diet. Personal and family characteristics, including age, caregiver education, urbanization, and region of residence, were associated with diet quality in African American women and children. The majority of African American children in this sample did not meet current recommendations for daily fruit and vegetable consumption. Six household environmental factors were associated with fruit and vegetable consumption by African American children, including physical factors (primary caregiver purchase and preparation of fruits and vegetables) and sociocultural factors (primary caregiver fruit and vegetable consumption, perception of child liking fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable selection self-efficacy, and self-efficacy for healthful child feeding). The strongest predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption by African American children was the fruit and vegetable consumption by primary caregivers. Health education strategies aimed at improving diets of African Americans need to address a variety of sociodemographic and household factors influencing dietary behavior patterns. Strategies to promote the reduction of childhood obesity through increases in fruit and vegetable consumption must account for the consumption of fruits and vegetables among primary caregivers.
Book Synopsis Exploring Family Perceptions of Weight and Health by : Maud Gina Pinsonnault-Bilodeau
Download or read book Exploring Family Perceptions of Weight and Health written by Maud Gina Pinsonnault-Bilodeau and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Examination of the Influence of African-American Extended Family Relationships on Child Weight Status by : Sarah Burch
Download or read book An Examination of the Influence of African-American Extended Family Relationships on Child Weight Status written by Sarah Burch and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the U.S., African American children suffer from higher rates of obesity than their white peers. African American families are often multi-generational, with extended family members, especially women, caring for child relatives. Yet little is currently known about the influence of these female extended family members (EFMs) on African American children's dietary and physical activity behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between the amount of time an African American child spent with an EFM, the frequency of child physical activity and eating around the EFM, and family members' weight status. Data were collected and analyzed as part of a larger study examining relationships in African American families (n=47). Participating families consisted of the mother, her child aged 8-12 years, and an EFM. Participants were recruited from community organizations in Guilford County, North Carolina. Family Systems Theory guided the research in accordance with current literature which suggests that family-based lifestyle interventions achieve better outcomes than education or information only interventions. Eighty-eight percent of non-pregnant mothers (n=44) and 87% of non-pregnant EFMs (n=45) were classified as overweight or obese as defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) compared to 47% of the children in the study as defined by Body Mass Index For Age (BMI-For-Age). EFMs comprised 10 grandmothers, two great grandmothers, one great aunt, 19 aunts, and 15 cousins. No significant association was found between time spent with EFMs and frequency of child eating and physical activity behaviors. Children were less active around grandmothers and great grandmothers compared to aunts and cousins (p
