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Author : Frank Washington Very
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book A Prevision of Scientific Progress written by Frank Washington Very and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H. G. Wells
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (641 download)
Download or read book Anticipations of the Reaction of Mechanical and Scientific Progress Upon Human Life and Thought written by H. G. Wells and published by . This book was released on 2021-08-25 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1901, the great writer and social critic attempted to predict the future in this book, a fascinating mix of accurate forecasts -- development of cars, buses and trucks, use of flying machines in combat, decline of permanent marriage -- and wild misses, including the prediction that submarines will suffocate their crews and founder at sea.
Author : Craig Dilworth
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789401576567
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (765 download)
Download or read book Scientific Progress written by Craig Dilworth and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the philosopher interested in the idea of objective knowledge of the real world, the nature of science is of special importance, for science, and more particularly physics, is today considered to be paradigmatic in its affording of such knowledge. And no understand ing of science is complete until it includes an appreciation of the nature of the relation between successive scientific theories-that is, until it includes a conception of scientific progress. Now it might be suggested by some that there are a variety of ways in which science progresses, or that there are a number of different notions of scientific progress, not all of which concern the relation between successive scientific theories. For example, it may be thought that science progresses through the application of scientific method to areas where it has not previously been applied, or, through the development of individual theories. However, it is here suggested that the application of the methods of science to new areas does not concern forward progress so much as lateral expansion, and that the provision of a conception of how individual theories develop would lack the generality expected of an account concerning the progress of science itself.
Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520037212
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (372 download)
Download or read book Progress and Its Problems written by Larry Laudan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1978-10-27 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A book that shakes philosophy of science to its roots. Laudan both destroys and creates. With detailed, scathing criticisms, he attacks the 'pregnant confusions' in extant philosophies of science. The progress they espouse derives from strictly empirical criteria, he complains, and this clashes with historical evidence. Accordingly, Laudan constructs a remedy from historical examples that involves nothing less than the redefinition of scientific rationality and progress . . . Surprisingly, after this reshuffling, science still looks like a noble-and progressive-enterprise ... The glory of Laudan's system is that it preserves scientific rationality and progress in the presence of social influence. We can admit extra-scientific influences without lapsing into complete relativism. . . a must for both observers and practitioners of science." --Physics Today "A critique and substantial revision of the historic theories of scientific rationality and progress (Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Feyerabend, etc.). Laudan focuses on contextual problem solving effectiveness (carefully defined) as a criterion for progress, and expands the notion of 'paradigm' to a 'research tradition,' thus providing a meta-empirical basis for the commensurability of competing theories. From this perspective, Laudan suggests revised programs for history and philosophy of science, the history of ideas, and the sociology of science. A superb work, closely argued, clearly written, and extensively annotated, this book will become a widely required text in intermediate courses."--Choice
Author : Ludwik Fleck
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022619034X
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)
Download or read book Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact written by Ludwik Fleck and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in German in 1935, this monograph anticipated solutions to problems of scientific progress, the truth of scientific fact and the role of error in science now associated with the work of Thomas Kuhn and others. Arguing that every scientific concept and theory—including his own—is culturally conditioned, Fleck was appreciably ahead of his time. And as Kuhn observes in his foreword, "Though much has occurred since its publication, it remains a brilliant and largely unexploited resource." "To many scientists just as to many historians and philosophers of science facts are things that simply are the case: they are discovered through properly passive observation of natural reality. To such views Fleck replies that facts are invented, not discovered. Moreover, the appearance of scientific facts as discovered things is itself a social construction, a made thing. A work of transparent brilliance, one of the most significant contributions toward a thoroughly sociological account of scientific knowledge."—Steven Shapin, Science
Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780520033306
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (333 download)
Download or read book Progress and Its Problems written by Larry Laudan and published by . This book was released on 1977-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Isabelle Stengers
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509521844
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)
Download or read book Another Science is Possible written by Isabelle Stengers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like fast food, fast science is quickly prepared, not particularly good, and it clogs up the system. Efforts to tackle our most pressing issues have been stymied by conflict within the scientific community and mixed messages symptomatic of a rushed approach. What is more, scientific research is being shaped by the bubbles and crashes associated with economic speculation and the market. A focus on conformism, competitiveness, opportunism and flexibility has made it extremely difficult to present cases of failure to the public, for fear that it will lose confidence in science altogether. In this bold new book, distinguished philosopher Isabelle Stengers shows that research is deeply intertwined with broader social interests, which means that science cannot race ahead in isolation but must learn instead to slow down. Stengers offers a path to an alternative science, arguing that researchers should stop seeing themselves as the 'thinking, rational brain of humanity' and refuse to allow their expertise to be used to shut down the concerns of the public, or to spread the belief that scientific progress is inevitable and will resolve all of society's problems. Rather, science must engage openly and honestly with an intelligent public and be clear about the kind of knowledge it is capable of producing. This timely and accessible book will be of great interest to students, scholars and policymakers in a wide range of fields, as well anyone concerned with the role of science and its future.
Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780710087492
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (874 download)
Download or read book Progress and Its Problems written by Larry Laudan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1977-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Darrell P. Rowbottom
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108788939
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)
Download or read book Scientific Progress written by Darrell P. Rowbottom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-30 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jonathan E. Martin
Publisher : Purdue University Press
ISBN 13 : 1612496377
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Reginald Sutcliffe and the Invention of Modern Weather Systems Science written by Jonathan E. Martin and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite being perhaps the foremost British meteorologist of the twentieth century, Reginald Sutcliffe has been understudied and underappreciated. His impact continues to this day every time you check the weather forecast. Reginald Sutcliffe and the Invention of Modern Weather Systems Science not only details Sutcliffe’s life and ideas, but it also illuminates the impact of social movements and the larger forces that propelled him on his consequential trajectory. Less than a century ago, a forecast of the weather tomorrow was considered a practical impossibility. This book makes the case that three important advances guided the development of modern dynamic meteorology, which led directly to the astounding progress in weather forecasting—and that Sutcliffe was the pioneer in all three of these foundational developments: the application of the quasi-geostrophic simplification to the equations governing atmospheric behavior, adoption of pressure as the vertical coordinate in analysis, and development of a diagnostic equation for vertical air motions. Shining a light on Sutcliffe’s life and work will, hopefully, inspire a renewed appreciation for the human dimension in scientific progress and the rich legacy bequeathed to societies wise enough to fully embrace investments in education and basic research. As climate change continues to grow more dire, modern extensions of Sutcliffe’s innovations increasingly offer some of the best tools we have for peering into the long-term future of our environment.
Author : T. Baron Russell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781517692346
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (923 download)
Download or read book A Hundred Years Hence written by T. Baron Russell and published by . This book was released on 2015-10-07 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this serious attempt to forecast the changes ahead in the 20th century from the year 1906, the author deals with the accelerating rate of scientific progress, housing, travel, population, business, pleasure, newspapers, utilization of the sea, science, education, religion, economics, and law. He describes his intentions in the following manner in his Preface:"The following was at first intended to be no more than an attempt to foresee the probable trend of mechanical invention and scientific discovery during the present century. But as the work took shape it was seen to involve a certain amount of what may be called moral conjecture, since the material progress of the new age could not very well be imagined without taking into account its mental characteristics. In these expectations of an optimist, a great ethical improvement of the civilised human race has been anticipated, and a rate of progress foreseen which perhaps no previous writers have looked for. Both in regard to moral development and material progress, it has been the aim of the author to predict nothing that the tendencies of existing movement do not justify us in expecting."An attempt of this kind is exposed to facile criticism. It will be easy for objectors to signalise this or that expected invention as beyond scientific possibility, that or the other moral reform as fit only for Utopia. But those who will consent to perpend the enormous and utterly unforeseen advance of the nineteenth century will recognise the danger of limiting their anticipations concerning the possibilities of the twenty-first. A fanciful description in (I think) Addison's Spectator of an invention by which the movements of an indicator on a lettered dial were imagined to be reproduced on a similar dial at a distance, and employed as a means of communication, must have seemed wholly chimerical to its readers; and even as recently as fifty years ago, anyone who predicted the telephone would have been laughed at. When the principle of the accumulator was already discovered a very competent practical electrician told the writer that he need not worry himself much about the idea : there was not the least likelihood that electricity could ever be "bottled up in cisterns"! On the whole there is more likelihood of error in timidity than in boldness when we attempt to foresee what will be attained after the increasingly rapid movement of scientific progress during this twentieth century shall have gathered full force."For the rest, criticism of this sort is disarmed, because the reader has been in any case invited to enter a realm of more or less pure imagination. No one can exactly know with what births, monstrous or beautiful, the future may teem. Admitting a certain point of view - that of almost unrestrained optimism - the predictions here offered will, it is believed, be found to be along the line of existing progress."No details of the author's life have been found on the Internet, but he seems to have been British since his preface is signed with a city in England, he makes references to London as well as to US cities, and he uses British spellings. This book was published in 1906 in the United States, so it is in the public domain in the United States, and perhaps elsewhere. For information on copyright and the public domain, see http://www.publicdomainday.org/ .Notice: This Book is published by Historical Books Limited (www.publicdomain.org.uk) as a Public Domain Book, if you have any inquiries, requests or need any help you can just send an email to [email protected] book is found as a public domain and free book based on various online catalogs, if you think there are any problems regard copyright issues please contact us immediately via [email protected]
Author : Paul K. Feyerabend
Publisher : Polity
ISBN 13 : 9780745651897
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (518 download)
Download or read book The Tyranny of Science written by Paul K. Feyerabend and published by Polity. This book was released on 2011-05-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paul Feyerabend is one of the greatest philosophers of science of the 20th century and his book Against Method is an international bestseller. In this new book he masterfully weaves together the main elements of his mature philosophy into a gripping tale: the story of the rise of rationalism in Ancient Greece that eventually led to the entrenchment of a mythical ‘scientific worldview’. In this wide-ranging and accessible book Feyerabend challenges some modern myths about science, including the myth that ‘science is successful’. He argues that some very basic assumptions about science are simply false and that substantial parts of scientific ideology were created on the basis of superficial generalizations that led to absurd misconceptions about the nature of human life. Far from solving the pressing problems of our age, such as war and poverty, scientific theorizing glorifies ephemeral generalities, at the cost of confronting the real particulars that make life meaningful. Objectivity and generality are based on abstraction, and as such, they come at a high price. For abstraction drives a wedge between our thoughts and our experience, resulting in the degeneration of both. Theoreticians, as opposed to practitioners, tend to impose a tyranny on the concepts they use, abstracting away from the subjective experience that makes life meaningful. Feyerabend concludes by arguing that practical experience is a better guide to reality than any theory, by itself, ever could be, and he stresses that there is no tyranny that cannot be resisted, even if it is exerted with the best possible intentions. Provocative and iconoclastic, The Tyranny of Science is one of Feyerabend’s last books and one of his best. It will be widely read by everyone interested in the role that science has played, and continues to play, in the shaping of the modern world.
Author : H. G. Wells
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781521707524
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (75 download)
Download or read book Anticipations written by H. G. Wells and published by . This book was released on 2017-06-28 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1901, the great writer and social critic attempted to predict the future in this book, a fascinating mix of accurate forecasts -- development of cars, buses and trucks, use of flying machines in combat, decline of permanent marriage -- and wild misses, including the prediction that submarines will suffocate their crews and founder at sea.
Author : Andreas Wenger
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000088367
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Politics and Science of Prevision written by Andreas Wenger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book inquires into the use of prediction at the intersection of politics and academia, and reflects upon the implications of future-oriented policy-making across different fields. The volume focuses on the key intricacies and fallacies of prevision in a time of complexity, uncertainty, and unpredictability. The first part of the book discusses different academic perspectives and contributions to future-oriented policy-making. The second part discusses the role of future knowledge in decision-making across different empirical issues such as climate, health, finance, bio- and nuclear weapons, civil war, and crime. It analyses how prediction is integrated into public policy and governance, and how in return governance structures influence the making of knowledge about the future. Contributors integrate two analytical dimensions in their chapters: the epistemology of prevision and the political and ethical implications of prevision. In this way, the volume contributes to a better understanding of the complex interaction and feedback loops between the processes of creating knowledge about the future and the application of this future knowledge in public policy and governance. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, political science, sociology, technology studies, and International Relations. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.routledge.com/The-Politics-and-Science-of-Prevision-Governing-and-Probing/Wenger-Jasper-Cavelty/p/book/9780367900748, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Author : Stephen G. Brush
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190266945
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Making 20th Century Science written by Stephen G. Brush and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-13 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, the scientific method has been said to require proposing a theory, making a prediction of something not already known, testing the prediction, and giving up the theory (or substantially changing it) if it fails the test. A theory that leads to several successful predictions is more likely to be accepted than one that only explains what is already known but not understood. This process is widely treated as the conventional method of achieving scientific progress, and was used throughout the twentieth century as the standard route to discovery and experimentation. But does science really work this way? In Making 20th Century Science, Stephen G. Brush discusses this question, as it relates to the development of science throughout the last century. Answering this question requires both a philosophically and historically scientific approach, and Brush blends the two in order to take a close look at how scientific methodology has developed. Several cases from the history of modern physical and biological science are examined, including Mendeleev's Periodic Law, Kekule's structure for benzene, the light-quantum hypothesis, quantum mechanics, chromosome theory, and natural selection. In general it is found that theories are accepted for a combination of successful predictions and better explanations of old facts. Making 20th Century Science is a large-scale historical look at the implementation of the scientific method, and how scientific theories come to be accepted.
Author : Frank Washington Very
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 686 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)
Download or read book An Epitome of Swedenborg's Science written by Frank Washington Very and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wayne S. Sossin
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080932339
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Essence of Memory written by Wayne S. Sossin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-04-28 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This selection of reviews gives an up-to-date picture of memory research. Great progress has been made in identifying the memory trace at the molecular and cellular level and individual reviews address the major mechanisms by which changes in synaptic strength can persist. Exciting research at the systems level is also reviewed including the growing importance of changes in inhibitory interneurons and how they play a role in memory formation. Finally, reviews present cognitive and neurobiological models of human memory that explain, characterize and organize the act of memory within a coherent framework. Provides an unique overview that covers all perspectives and methodological approaches to memory Broad coverage of memory research from molecular to human studies in one source Up-to-date reviews give the latest important ideas on memory formation
