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Author : Gunnar S. Eskeland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book A Presumptive Pigovian Tax written by Gunnar S. Eskeland and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gunnar S. Eskeland
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book A Presumptive Pigouvian Tax on Gasoline written by Gunnar S. Eskeland and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gunnar S. Eskeland
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book A Presumptive Pigouvian Tax on Gasoline written by Gunnar S. Eskeland and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taxing a variable input in polluting activities makes sense when abatement is induced indirectly, rather than by a pollution tax. By including a gasoline tax in an otherwise well- composed control program for Mexico City, one saves 11 percent of the welfare costs of the program, because -- keeping emissions constant -- costly technical abatement measures are replaced by cheaper demand conservation.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (464 download)
Download or read book The Case for a Two-part Instrument written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper builds two simple general equilibrium models to demonstrate the equivalence between the Pigovian tax and the combination of a presumptive tax and an environmental subsidy. A presumptive tax is a tax that is imposed under the presumption that all production uses a dirty technology or all consumption goods become waste. The environmental subsidy is then provided only to the extent that production uses a cleaner technology or that consumption goods are recycled. To analyze the usefulness of the tax-subsidy combination, we review conceptual considerations regarding its implementation and practical considerations regarding its actual use throughout the world. While the tax-subsidy combination is increasingly being used, in the form of a deposit-refund system, we argue that more flexible interpretations are important to explore. The two parts of such a policy do not have to apply to the same side of the market. The tax and subsidy do not have to equal one another, and they can apply to different goods altogether. Compared to the Pigovian tax, a two-part instrument may be easier to enforce, may be easier to enact, and can still force the market to recognize the social cost of disposal.
Author : Gunnar S. Eskeland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (256 download)
Download or read book A presumptive pigouvian tax on gasoline : analysis of an air pollution control program for Mexico City written by Gunnar S. Eskeland and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gunnar S. Eskeland
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Environmental Protection and Optimal Taxation written by Gunnar S. Eskeland and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simple unweighted cost-effectiveness analysis remains relevant and correct when one introduces costly redistribution and revenue generation.
Author : Movahedian, Hussein
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668441608
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Pragmatic Legal and Policy Implications of Environmental Lawmaking written by Movahedian, Hussein and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-05-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of environmental degradation statistics worldwide and the announcement of scientific assessments of the process of its destruction have attracted everyone's attention to the environment. On the world stage, international environmental laws and regulations must be formulated to protect the environment and humanity from further harm. This book provides selective coverage of environmental and energy law within the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom as well as internationally. It is crucial to examine environmental and energy law from a wide range of perspectives and approaches to gain insight into how the law is designed to tackle particular environmental problems arising in both professional and theoretical settings. Pragmatic Legal and Policy Implications of Environmental Lawmaking bridges the knowledge gap between legal developments designed to achieve environmental and/or energy objectives (for example, pollution control and conservation) on the one hand and the practical, scientific, and technical considerations applicable to the same environmental problems on the other. By adopting a multi-disciplinary approach to environmental and energy law, the book embraces all readerships and goes a step further to address the often-difficult problem of improving communication between scientists and engineers and law and policymakers. Covering topics such as environmental degradation, energy law, and international trade legislation, the book will be useful to law students and professionals working in the fields of environmental and/or energy law, engineering and (geo)science students and professionals, as well as others working in various other disciplines.
Author : Thomas Professor Sterner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136522344
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Policy Instruments for Environmental and Natural Resource Management written by Thomas Professor Sterner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Thomas Sterner points out, the economic 'toolkit' for dealing with environmental problems has become formidable. It includes taxes, charges, permits, deposit-refund systems, labeling, and other information disclosure mechanisms. Though not all these devices are widely used, empirical application has started within some sectors, and we are beginning to see the first systematic efforts at an advanced policy design that takes due account of market-based incentives. Sterner‘s book encourages more widespread and careful use of economic policy instruments. Intended primarily for application in developing and transitional countries, the book compares the accumulated experiences of the use of economic policy instruments in the U.S. and Europe, as well as in select rich and poor countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Ambitious in scope, the book discusses the design of instruments that can be employed in a wide range of contexts, including transportation, industrial pollution, water pricing, waste, fisheries, forests, and agriculture. Policy Instruments for Environmental and Natural Resource Management is deeply rooted in economics but also informed by perspectives drawn from political, legal, ecological, and psychological research. Sterner notes that, in addition to meeting requirements for efficiency, the selection and design of policy instruments must satisfy criteria involving equity and political acceptability. He is careful to distinguish between the well-designed plans of policymakers and the resulting behavior of society. A copublication of Resources for the Future, the World Bank, and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida).
Author : Peter Huber
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319172999
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Competitiveness, Social Inclusion and Sustainability in a Diverse European Union written by Peter Huber and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the work of researchers in Eastern and Western Europe, who analyze competitiveness, social exclusion and sustainability from a range of perspectives. It examines the key challenges faced by the EU in its efforts to establish a socially inclusive and greener path to growth and develops policy recommendations to simultaneously achieve the EU 2020 agenda’s long-term goals and address the current economic crisis in Europe.
Author : Virginia McConnell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351161075
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)
Download or read book Controlling Automobile Air Pollution written by Virginia McConnell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes many of the most influential and interesting academic articles related to the economics of mobile source pollution control. The papers included explore why vehicles and vehicle markets are unique, provide estimates of the type and magnitude of the social costs of driving and examine estimation methods and estimates of the various elasticities of vehicle demand. Analysis of the social costs and policies to reduce both traditional air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions are included. Selected articles review the range of evaluation of both regulatory and market-based approaches to controlling emissions. The complexity of the effects of different policies are emphasized and the unintended consequences of regulation are explored in the context of vehicle emissions reduction policies.
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821335987
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Sustainable Transport written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication elaborates on how the specific characteristics of the different transport subsectors affect the potential for expanding the role of competitive markets. It defines the principal challenges currently faced by the transport sector as a whole as: (i) the completion of basic infrastructure networks and (ii) the provision of adequate maintenance for them. Future challenges may include: (i) increasing responsiveness to customer needs, (ii) adjusting to global trade patterns, and (iii) coping with rapid motorization. These challenges highlight the need to reform institutional and transport policy in order to support a better quality of life on a sustained basis. This book identifies some generally applicable principles and best practices as the foundation of a policy for more sustainable transport. Economic and financial sustainability requires that resources be used efficiently and that assets be maintained properly. Environmental and ecological sustainability requires that the external effects of transport be taken into account fully when public or private decisions are made that determine future development. Social sustainability requires that the benefits of improved transport reach all sections of the community. It is necessary to redefine the role of governments in the transport sector--the focus in transport policy must shift toward a market-based approach with the private sector taking on more of the responsibility for providing, operating, and financing transport services and infrastructure. The role of the government would therefore decline, but its importance as the enabler of competition and the custodian of environmental and social interests would increase. The World Bank Group's role will be to focus on institutional and policy reform; it can help governments fulfill their enabling and supervisory role in a freer transport market through more selective and focused technical assistance for building the capacity and skills needed by the public sector." -- Website.
Author : McCain, Roger A.
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1839108029
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (391 download)
Download or read book Comparing Fairness written by McCain, Roger A. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-08-27 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic theory and philosophy have discussed concepts of fairness, but the criteria of fairness are in each case absolute: a situation is either fair or it is not. This book draws on these literatures to propose two criteria of relative fairness, and a hierarchical rule for the priority of application of these criteria, with a view to comparison of practicable alternatives in public policy.
Author : Stephen Stares
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821338414
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (384 download)
Download or read book China's Urban Transport Development Strategy written by Stephen Stares and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 352. Presents the proceedings of the China Urban Transport Symposium, held in Beijing, November 9-11, 1995, jointly sponsored by China's Ministry of Construction and Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank of China, the World Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. The symposium addressed a wide range of topics, including motor vehicle pollution, urban transport management and planning, bicycles in cities, mass rapid transit, public transit reform, and the role of the private sector.
Author : Claudio Ferraz
Publisher : IIED
ISBN 13 : 1843693070
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (436 download)
Download or read book Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil written by Claudio Ferraz and published by IIED. This book was released on 2013 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution concentrations have been rapidly increasing in the major urban areas of Brazil caused mainly by the increasing use of vehicles. In the presence of this negative externality, environmental regulation is required. Car emission control policies in Brazil have relied basically on mandatory emission standards and subsidies for specific cleaner technology resulting in substantial decrease of car emission rates. Nevertheless, car sale taxes, differentiated by vehicles' size and fuel, have also influenced car emission patterns. This paper analyzes the compliance trend of the Brazilian fleet with environmental standards between 1992 and 1997. We find that larger automobiles had the fastest compliance schedule while popular models adjusted very slowly. Also gasoline-fueled models had a faster adjustment pattern than ethanol cars. Additionally, we analyze the current relationship between pollution emissions and car characteristics in order to orient policy formulation. We find a positive relationship between emissions rates and horse power, concluding that although the current value added-sale car tax is not environmental harmful, a tax differentiating clean from dirty models, within each tax bracket, could create substantial incentives for emission control in the future.
Author : Lans Bovenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401106614
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Public Economics and the Environment in an Imperfect World written by Lans Bovenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing populations and economies have increased the public's awareness that the world's environmental resources are finite. The issues of global warming and the depletion of the ozone layer have given universal significance to what were once local and regional pollution problems. What is evident from Public Economics and the Environment in an Imperfect World is that Coasian negotiations fail to internalize the costs of environmental degradation, often calling for public intervention through the market mechanism. In its consideration of such issues the book includes contributions on assessment problems, institutional aspects, the need for coordination and efficiency, and distribution issues.
Author : Akie Takeuchi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book The Impact of Policies to Control Motor Vehicle Emissions in Mumbai, India written by Akie Takeuchi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the impacts of measures to reduce emissions from buses, cars, and two-wheelers in Mumbai, India. We have considered three possible policies: conversion of diesel buses to CNG, an increase in the price of gasoline and a tax on vehicle ownership. Our results suggest that the most effective policy to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles - in terms of the total number of tons of PM10 reduced - is to convert diesel buses to CNG. The conversion of 3,391 diesel buses to CNG would result in an emissions reduction of 663 tons of PM10 per year, 14 percent of total emissions from transport.
Author : Christoph Kleineberg
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030113582
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Vertical Integration and Regulation written by Christoph Kleineberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates under which circumstances vertical unbundling can lead to a more efficient market result. The assessment is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining law and economics. Drawing on the assessment, circumstances are subsequently presented under which unbundling might become necessary. Additionally, less severe means of regulatory intervention are suggested in order to protect competition. Given its scope, the book is chiefly intended for scholars and practitioners in the field of economic policy and regulation law; in addition, it will give interested members of the public a unique opportunity to learn about the underlying rationales of regulation law and regulation economics.
