A New High Sensitivity Subsurface Sensing System

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A New High-Sensitivity Subsurface Sensing System

Author : Oleg Krichenko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (659 download)

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Book Synopsis A New High-Sensitivity Subsurface Sensing System by : Oleg Krichenko

Download or read book A New High-Sensitivity Subsurface Sensing System written by Oleg Krichenko and published by . This book was released on with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We developed a prototype geophysical system that currently has a dynamic range of 126dB. We also calculate the full potential of our design to achieve a dynamic range of greater than 160dB, which is orders of magnitude higher than what is currently offered by state of the art technology in geophysical instrumentation. We have been successful in reducing measurement errors that are common limiting factors in achieving high measurement sensitivity in practice. We reduced the measurement error caused by mechanical deformations of the measurement apparatus from 70PPM to less than 1PPM. As a result of developing a novel measurement method for using a rotating antenna array and digital nulling, we achieved a level of temporal drift of less than 1PPM over a 50 minute time period, which is a significant improvement compared to the drift of greater than 100PPM for the state of the art geophysical instrumentation. We also used a method of simultaneous calibration of the secondary fields in order to correct the measured data for the long-term gain variations in the system response. As a result, we reduced the percentage error in the RE and IM components of the target response measured over a 105-minute period of time from 5% and 80% to 0.5% and 2%, respectively. We have gained a substantial reduction of the measurement errors caused by the background response of the earth by using the antenna array in a vertical orientation relative to the earth's surface. We demonstrated that our measurement method increases survey efficiency because of a more informative set of data. We tested our prototype system with a section of steel pipe, which is a standard target used to determine the sensitivity of commercial metal detectors. The measurement results showed that our current system will detect this particular target at a 2.0m depth below the earth's surface, which is 0.5m better than the 1.5m detection depth achieved by the EM61-MK2. When the full potential of our design is realized, we estimate the projected depth of detection to increase to 9m, which is six times greater than the detection depth achieved by the EM61-MK2.

Subsurface Sensing

Author : Ahmet S. Turk
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470608560
Total Pages : 916 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Subsurface Sensing by : Ahmet S. Turk

Download or read book Subsurface Sensing written by Ahmet S. Turk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with a solid understanding of the capabilities and limitations of the techniques used for buried object detection. Presenting theory along with applications and the existing technology, it covers the most recent developments in hardware and software technologies of sensor systems with a focus on primary sensors such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and auxiliary sensors such as Nuclear Quadruple Resonance (NQR). It is essential reading for students, practitioners, specialists, and academicians involved in the design and implementation of buried object detection sensors.

Special Issue on New Advances in Subsurface Sensing

Author : Lawrence Carin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (482 download)

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Book Synopsis Special Issue on New Advances in Subsurface Sensing by : Lawrence Carin

Download or read book Special Issue on New Advances in Subsurface Sensing written by Lawrence Carin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation

Author : Donald O. Thompson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461553393
Total Pages : 2093 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation by : Donald O. Thompson

Download or read book Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation written by Donald O. Thompson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 2093 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings, consisting of Parts A and B, contain the edited versions of most of the papers presented at the annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation held at University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, on July 27 to August 1, 1997. The Review was organized by the Center for NDE at Iowa State University, in cooperation with the Ames Laboratory of the USDOE, the American Society of Nondestructive Testing, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Federal Aviation Administration, and the National Science Foundation IndustrylUniversity Cooperative Research Centers. This year's Review of Progress in QNDE was attended by approximately 370 participants from the US and many foreign countries who presented a total of approximately 350 papers. As usual, the meeting was divided into 36 sessions with four sessions running concurrently. The Review covered all phases of NDE research and development from fundamental investigations to engineering applications and inspection systems, and methods of inspection science from acoustics to x-rays. The Review continues to experience some fluctuations in size, mostly under pressure from a decrease in funding for NDE research at the US Federal level, but increased participation from foreign laboratories has more than made up the difference. The Review is ideally sized to permit a full-scale overview of the latest developments in a collegial atmosphere that most participants favor. The opening plenary session this year concentrated on advances in imaging technologies and methodologies that have been made in recent years. Dr. K.

Shaped and Structured Fields for Underground Remote Sensing and Communication

Author : Daniel Jerome Orfeo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis Shaped and Structured Fields for Underground Remote Sensing and Communication by : Daniel Jerome Orfeo

Download or read book Shaped and Structured Fields for Underground Remote Sensing and Communication written by Daniel Jerome Orfeo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an urgent and longstanding need for non-contact subsurface imaging for the detection and identification of buried objects. This dissertation investigates the use of specialized electromagnetic (EM) remote sensing techniques for the detection of subsurface objects with little or no metal content, such as utility pipes, landmines, and improvised explosive devices. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-established remote sensing technology with widespread use [58]; despite this, significant performance limitations remain. First, a high degree of sensitivity is necessary to detect and locate nonmetallic targets. Second, target geometries and congested target configurations are difficult to identify and resolve. Third, radio frequency (RF) spectral congestion is such that commercial penetrating radars are power limited by law to prevent harmful interference with other devices. In this dissertation, controls on field shape and field structure are shown to be effective methods to address these three challenges (sensitivity, target geometry, and spectral efficiency). A related inquiry involving low-frequency magnetic field shaping is also presented. The first objective is to use antenna orientation configuration to shape the microwave EM sensing field to improve radar sensitivity. A high standoff distance between antennas and the ground surface enables greater area coverage and easier system movement over uneven or treacherous terrain; however, a greater standoff distance also results in larger signal loss during transmission. Studies on the effects of antenna height and antenna angle are reported here in order to improve the sensitivity of a bistatic air launched GPR intended for a low-flying unmanned aerial vehicle application. The second research objective of this dissertation is to have a functional, high performance GPR capable of addressing the challenges of high sensitivity measurements and good spectral efficiency. Notably the custom system designed here is easily sourced and reproduced since it uses only commercially available hardware components. This modular, multistatic, time domain radar system is shown to provide consistent, high quality data for GPR, through-wall, and field-testing applications. A narrow pulse time domain radar also results in low integrated RF emissions, an important consideration for alleviating RF spectral congestion. Compared to other GPR systems, it has swappable modular componentry, customizable MATLAB software, compatibility with air launched horn antennas, superior triggering stability for clear imaging, high power output, and high-speed high-resolution sampling. The third research objective is to leverage waveform structure, specifically orbital angular momentum (OAM), to address GPR challenges relating to target geometry and spectral efficiency. Shaped EM waves with properties dependent on spatial distribution (independent of polarization) are said to be "structured". Control of OAM in microwave systems is a novel example of wave structure that exploits EM degrees of freedom that most conventional systems do not use. OAM is characterized by an integer OAM mode where zero represents the case of a plane wave, and nonzero OAM modes propagate with a helical wavefront. In this study a circular phased array is used to transmit and receive microwaves with OAM characteristics. Control of OAM is shown improve radar sensitivity to certain chiral targets. OAM is also implemented in a dual function RF sensing and communication system, which may achieve improved spectral efficiency, data rates, and streamlined hardware requirements. In summary, these investigations leverage numerical calculations, EM modeling, and laboratory testing for improved GPR performance relating to sensitivity, target geometry, and spectral efficiency. Key results include antenna configuration, a unique GPR system design, OAM phase front characterization, the discrimination of OAM modes, and configuration of a network analyzer ultra-wideband (UWB) radar with synthetic OAM mode-control via signal post-processing. The unique chirality-detection capability of OAM radar is demonstrated, as well as an OAM-based information transmission scheme.

The First Joint DoD/FAA/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 904 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The First Joint DoD/FAA/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft by :

Download or read book The First Joint DoD/FAA/NASA Conference on Aging Aircraft written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nondestructive Testing Methods and New Applications

Author : Mohammad Omar
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535101080
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Nondestructive Testing Methods and New Applications by : Mohammad Omar

Download or read book Nondestructive Testing Methods and New Applications written by Mohammad Omar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nondestructive testing enables scientists and engineers to evaluate the integrity of their structures and the properties of their materials or components non-intrusively, and in some instances in real-time fashion. Applying the Nondestructive techniques and modalities offers valuable savings and guarantees the quality of engineered systems and products. This technology can be employed through different modalities that include contact methods such as ultrasonic, eddy current, magnetic particles, and liquid penetrant, in addition to contact-less methods such as in thermography, radiography, and shearography. This book seeks to introduce some of the Nondestructive testing methods from its theoretical fundamentals to its specific applications. Additionally, the text contains several novel implementations of such techniques in different fields, including the assessment of civil structures (concrete) to its application in medicine.

Geotechnical Instrumentation and Monitoring in Open Pit and Underground Mining

Author : T. Szwedzicki
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000150461
Total Pages : 994 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Geotechnical Instrumentation and Monitoring in Open Pit and Underground Mining by : T. Szwedzicki

Download or read book Geotechnical Instrumentation and Monitoring in Open Pit and Underground Mining written by T. Szwedzicki and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As mining operations increase in scale and mines go progressively deeper, the geotechnical input into mine design is of importance. This book covers topics in geotechnical instrumentation and monitoring, including coverage of groundwater, displacement and environmental monitoring.

The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 972 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports by :

Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Acoustic Emission - Beyond the Millennium

Author : T. Kishi
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008054634X
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Acoustic Emission - Beyond the Millennium by : T. Kishi

Download or read book Acoustic Emission - Beyond the Millennium written by T. Kishi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-09-01 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of the 15th International Acoustic Emission Symposium (IAES15) was set as 'practicality for life-extension and maintenance of plants and structures'. Special emphasis was placed on the review of acoustic emission (AE) research and applications in the 20th century and its future in the 21st century.The technique for monitoring defects and abnormal vibrations due to machine failures is vitally important for the safety of structures in a modern society. AE, as a passive, rather than an active NDT method, has drawn much attention because of its applicability to on-stream surveillance of structures. One important point is its capability to acquire data very simply but with high sensitivity so that the development of a non-contact sensing technique is particularly important. A quantitative method to evaluate structural integrity and remaining life from the detected AE signals is strongly required. Quantitative analysis, based on inverse procedures, has provided a certain solution, but has not been utilized widely enough in structures due to its complexity. Its applicability is limited partly because the accuracy of solutions depends on noise levels and partly because the phenomenon is usually non-reproducible. AE is expected to be a next-generation technique not only to monitor conditions but also for the repair of damaged structures, combined with an active-adaptive technique using a 'solid state actuator'. 'Smart Materials and Structures' are known in this respect. AE is considered to be a very promising technique, together with such sensing techniques as optical fiber, shape memory alloy and electro-rheological fluid. Thus, AE can play a very important roll in monitoring, evaluating and repairing structures.In this workshop, a limited number of invited papers are presented for technical discussion to review the achievements of AE research and applications in the 20th century. The proceedings are entitled Acoustic Emission - Beyond the Millennium to celebrate the new millennium, and stepping forward to a new era. The authors and topics of these review papers were selected by the editorial board.

High-sensitivity Thermally Stable Interferometric Acoustic Sensors and Fiber-optic Sensor Networks for Remote Sensing Applications

Download High-sensitivity Thermally Stable Interferometric Acoustic Sensors and Fiber-optic Sensor Networks for Remote Sensing Applications PDF Online Free

Author : Onur Can Akkaya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis High-sensitivity Thermally Stable Interferometric Acoustic Sensors and Fiber-optic Sensor Networks for Remote Sensing Applications by : Onur Can Akkaya

Download or read book High-sensitivity Thermally Stable Interferometric Acoustic Sensors and Fiber-optic Sensor Networks for Remote Sensing Applications written by Onur Can Akkaya and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical sensors and sensor networks have been the key devices in a number of applications, including remote sensing, underwater acoustic communications, oil exploration, surveillance, seismic surveying arrays, military sonar arrays and structural health monitoring for massive aerospace and wind-energy structures. These applications impose critical specifications both at device level and systems level. In the first part of this dissertation, a high-sensitivity, thermally stable, compact interferometric acoustic sensor with a large bandwidth and high dynamic range will be introduced. The device is based on a photonic-crystal fabricated on a compliant single-crystal silicon membrane, which is placed near the metalized end of a single-mode fiber to form a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity. We demonstrated high reproducibility in operating wavelength (±1 nm) and fabricated ten FP sensors with measured displacement sensitivities within ±0.3 dB. The response was shown to be polarization independent and thermally stable. We showed that ±65 °C change in temperature can be tolerated before the FP resonance shifts by only 1 nm. An experimental sensor was shown to measure acoustic pressures down to a record low of 5.6 μPa/√Hz with a flat-band response greater than 8 kHz and a sensitivity extending down to at least 100 Hz. The dynamic range in pressure was greater than 100 dB. An electromechanical model of the device is presented as a tool for designing and optimizing this micro-physical structure. This analytical model enabled the analysis of the coupled design parameters on the device's sensitivity and noise. Results are shown to be in very good agreement with the experimentally measured quantities. In the second part of the dissertation, the design of a time-division-multiplexed optical sensor network architecture employing multiple low-gain erbium-doped fiber amplifiers will be introduced. Using this architecture, an experimental system will be demonstrated with ten acoustic sensors multiplexed and interrogated with a single laser source at a single wavelength. The signal-to-noise-ratio for each sensor response was measured to be within ±0.95 dB of the nominal value. System performance in terms of cross-talk and polarization dependence will also be discussed. Finally, a model identifying the noise contributions in this complex system will be introduced, which predicts that up to 350 sensors can be multiplexed with this new multiplexing architecture.

Gas Geochemistry: New Progresses and Applications

Author : Giovanni Martinelli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889764966
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Gas Geochemistry: New Progresses and Applications by : Giovanni Martinelli

Download or read book Gas Geochemistry: New Progresses and Applications written by Giovanni Martinelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-04 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Introduction to Subsurface Imaging

Author : Bahaa Saleh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139495348
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Subsurface Imaging by : Bahaa Saleh

Download or read book Introduction to Subsurface Imaging written by Bahaa Saleh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-17 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describing and evaluating the basic principles and methods of subsurface sensing and imaging, Introduction to Subsurface Imaging is a clear and comprehensive treatment that links theory to a wide range of real-world applications in medicine, biology, security and geophysical/environmental exploration. It integrates the different sensing techniques (acoustic, electric, electromagnetic, optical, x-ray or particle beams) by unifying the underlying physical and mathematical similarities, and computational and algorithmic methods. Time-domain, spectral and multisensor methods are also covered, whilst all the necessary mathematical, statistical and linear systems tools are given in useful appendices to make the book self-contained. Featuring a logical blend of theory and applications, a wealth of color illustrations, homework problems and numerous case studies, this is suitable for use as both a course text and as a professional reference.

Underground Sensing

Author : Sibel Pamukcu
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128031549
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Underground Sensing by : Sibel Pamukcu

Download or read book Underground Sensing written by Sibel Pamukcu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-22 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underground Sensing: Monitoring and Hazard Detection for Environment and Infrastructure brings the target audience the technical and practical knowledge of existing technologies of subsurface sensing and monitoring based on a classification of their functionality. In addition, the book introduces emerging technologies and applications of sensing for environmental and geo-hazards in subsurface – focusing on sensing platforms that can enable fully distributed global measurements. Finally, users will find a comprehensive exploration of the future of underground sensing that can meet demands for preemptive and sustainable response to underground hazards. New concepts and paradigms based on passively powered and/or on-demand activated, embeddable sensor platforms are presented to bridge the gap between real-time monitoring and global measurements. - Presents a one-stop-shop reference for underground sensing and monitoring needs that saves valuable research time - Provides application cases for all technologies that are covered and described in detail - Includes full, four color images of equipment and applications - Designed to cover a wide variety of underground sensors, from agriculture to geohazards

European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring

Author : Piervincenzo Rizzo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031072545
Total Pages : 933 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring by : Piervincenzo Rizzo

Download or read book European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring written by Piervincenzo Rizzo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-18 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) and more broadly in the fields of smart materials and intelligent systems, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 10th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring (EWSHM), held in Palermo, Italy on July 4-7, 2022. The volume covers highly diverse topics, including signal processing, smart sensors, autonomous systems, remote sensing and support, UAV platforms for SHM, Internet of Things, Industry 4.0, and SHM for civil structures and infrastructures. The contributions, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology ... Catalog

Author : National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology ... Catalog by : National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)

Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology ... Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Department of Energy's Office of Science and Technology

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Department of Energy's Office of Science and Technology by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations

Download or read book Department of Energy's Office of Science and Technology written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: