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A Multi Scale Study Of The Dynamical Processes Of The Tropical Pacific Ocean
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Book Synopsis A Multi-scale Study of the Dynamical Processes of the Tropical Pacific Ocean by : Autumn Noel Kidwell
Download or read book A Multi-scale Study of the Dynamical Processes of the Tropical Pacific Ocean written by Autumn Noel Kidwell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, it has been observed that there are different types of El Niño events. The warm events can be divided into two categories: those centered in the central Pacific (CP) and those centered in the eastern Pacific (EP). We examined the variability of western Pacific warm pool (WP) horizontal migration and size from January 1982 to December 2011 by applying Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) and Hilbert Huang Spectrum (HHS) to the optimally interpolated sea surface temperature (OISST) data set. The analysis shows that the long-term residual trend of the zonal centroid movement is migrating to the west by 3.78° from the mean location during the past 30 years. The size of the warm pool has also increased 18% during this period. These analysis techniques isolated two separate time series for the migration of the zonal component of the WPWP for both CP and EP events and showed that these two types of El Niño generally operate at different time-scales. The EP time-series shows the strong traditional EP El Niño and the transition between strong El Niño conditions and La Niña conditions. The CP time-series shows that CP El Niños occur more often than EP El Niños. The changes of the El Niño type in conjunction with westward drift and increasing warm pool size shows an interesting multidecadal change in the warm pool. To extend the centroid study, we also examine the role of the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WP) in the past thirty years of mixed interannual variability, decadal variability, and climate change. Our analysis method involves a multi-dimensional study of the vertical centroid migration, volume, and heat content of the WP and an application of the advanced time-series analysis technique known as Multidimensional Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEEMD). We show the 30-year evolution of the warm pool and how it interacts with the PDO, ENSO, and anthropogenic climate forcing mechanisms. Our results show that the WP increasing in size and increasing in heat content anomaly in response to global warming forcing. The variability of the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) is evaluated using ocean surface wind products derived from the ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis for the period of 1981-2014 and QuickSCAT satellite scatterometer for the period of 1999- 2009. From these products, indices were developed to represent the SPCZ strength, area, and centroid location. Excellent agreement is found between the indices derived from the two wind products during the QuikSCAT period in terms of the spatiotemporal structures of the SPCZ. The longer ERA-Interim product is used to study the variations of SPCZ properties on intraseasonal, seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales. The SPCZ strength, area, and centroid latitude have a dominant seasonal cycle. In contrast, the SPCZ centroid longitude is dominated by intraseasonal variability due to MJO influence. The SPCZ indices are all correlated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation indices. Interannual and intraseasonal variations of SPCZ strength during strong El Niño are approximately twice as large as the respective seasonal variations. SPCZ strength depends more on the intensity of El Niño rather than the central vs. eastern-Pacific type. The change from positive to negative PDO around 1999 results in a westward shift of the SPCZ centroid longitude, much smaller interannual swing in centroid latitude, and a decrease in SPCZ area. This study improves the understanding of the variations of the SPCZ on multiple time scales and reveals the variations of SPCZ strength not reported previously. The diagnostics analyses can be used to evaluate climate models to gauge their fidelity. We have analyzed multiple data sets (wind, SST, heat content) in an effort to better understand the the WP and the SPCZ. As a major component of the tropical Pacific Ocean dynamics and global climate dynamics, these two intertwined components are critical to study. This is especially true in the context of global climate change.
Book Synopsis Multi-Scale Ocean Dynamical Processes and Their Climatic, Ecological and Sedimentological Effects in the Eastern Indian Ocean by : Zexun Wei
Download or read book Multi-Scale Ocean Dynamical Processes and Their Climatic, Ecological and Sedimentological Effects in the Eastern Indian Ocean written by Zexun Wei and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate by : Michael J. McPhaden
Download or read book El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate written by Michael J. McPhaden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting Future projections of ENSO and its impacts Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.
Book Synopsis Annual Report by : Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book Annual Report written by Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Progress in Atmospheric Sciences by : K. N. Liou
Download or read book Recent Progress in Atmospheric Sciences written by K. N. Liou and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains 22 peer-reviewed articles that cover a spectrum of contemporary subjects relevant to atmospheric sciences, with specific applications to the Asia-Pacific region. The majority of these papers consist of a review of a scientific sub-field in atmospheric sciences, while some contain original contributions. All of the accepted papers were subject to scientific reviews and revisions.
Book Synopsis Multi-scale Variability of Ecosystem Functioning in European and Chinese Shelf Seas by : Xueen Chen
Download or read book Multi-scale Variability of Ecosystem Functioning in European and Chinese Shelf Seas written by Xueen Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-08-26 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued global warming and ocean acidification are predicted with high confidence, while the direction and magnitude of changes of other atmospheric drivers (e.g. precipitation, wind) and nutrient loading are of high uncertainty and regionally dependent. Biogeochemical responses of coastal shelf seas to external drivers are often nonlinear, involving feedback that may amplify or dampen a perturbation imposed on the system. Coupled physical-biogeochemical process-based numerical models have proven useful in elucidating the mechanistic interplay and relative importance of the different factors contributing to ecosystem functioning with increasing realism. This research topic aims to understand and compare marine ecosystem functioning in Chinese and European shelf seas, based on studies that use state-of-the-art modeling and monitoring of coastal ecosystem dynamics. This topic will enable more efficient knowledge share and distribution through a comparative assessment between distinct coastal shelf systems in China and Europe to further our understanding of complicated ecosystem dynamics in response to a changing climate and increasing anthropogenic pressure. It will allow us to better understand the sensitivity of coastal shelf ecosystem functioning to physical and biogeochemical perturbations, the role of shelf seas in global carbon cycling, and the resilience of Chinese and European shelf seas to ongoing and future changes in climate and anthropogenic activities.
Download or read book EOS Reference Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Summary Report Fiscal Year ... by : Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Summary Report Fiscal Year ... written by Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cloud-Resolving Modeling of Convective Processes by : Xiaofan Li
Download or read book Cloud-Resolving Modeling of Convective Processes written by Xiaofan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an updated and revised second edition of the book presenting new developments in the field of cloud-resolving modeling. The first edition of the book introduces the framework of cloud-resolving model, methodologies for analysis of modeling outputs, and validation of simulations with observations. It details important scientific findings in the aspects of surface rainfall processes, precipitation efficiency, dynamic and thermodynamic processes associated with tropical convection, diurnal variations, radiative and cloud microphysical processes associated with development of cloud clusters, air-sea coupling on convective scales, climate equilibrium states, and remote sensing applications. In additional to the content from the first edition of the book, the second edition of the book contains the new scientific results in the development of convective-stratiform rainfall separation scheme, the analysis of structures of precipitation systems, the thermal effects of doubled carbon dioxide on rainfall, precipitation predictability, and modeling depositional growth of ice crystal. The book will be beneficial both to graduate students and to researchers who do cloud, mesoscale and global modeling.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations by : Helge Holden
Download or read book Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations written by Helge Holden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of the 2010 Abel Symposium, hosted at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Oslo, was Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations, the study of which is of fundamental importance in mathematics and in almost all of natural sciences, economics, and engineering. This area of mathematics is currently in the midst of an unprecedented development worldwide. Differential equations are used to model phenomena of increasing complexity, and in areas that have traditionally been outside the realm of mathematics. New analytical tools and numerical methods are dramatically improving our understanding of nonlinear models. Nonlinearity gives rise to novel effects reflected in the appearance of shock waves, turbulence, material defects, etc., and offers challenging mathematical problems. On the other hand, new mathematical developments provide new insight in many applications. These proceedings present a selection of the latest exciting results by world leading researchers.
Book Synopsis Sources of Uncertainty in the Tropical Pacific Warming Pattern under Global Warming Projected by Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Models by : Jun Ying
Download or read book Sources of Uncertainty in the Tropical Pacific Warming Pattern under Global Warming Projected by Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Models written by Jun Ying and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the sources of uncertainty in future model projections of the tropical Pacific SST warming pattern under global warming. It mainly focuses on cloud radiation feedback and ocean dynamical effect, which reveal to be the two greatest sources of uncertainty in the tropical Pacific SST warming pattern. Moreover, the book presents a correction for model projections of the tropical Pacific SST warming pattern based on the concept of “observational constraints”; the corrected projection exhibits a more El Niño-like warming pattern.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the Report for Fiscal Year ... by : Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the Report for Fiscal Year ... written by Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summary Report Fiscal Year by : Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book Summary Report Fiscal Year written by Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamics of the Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans by : Peter J. Webster
Download or read book Dynamics of the Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans written by Peter J. Webster and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique and comprehensive view of the fundamental dynamical and thermodynamic principles underlying the large circulations of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system Dynamics of The Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans provides a detailed description of macroscale tropical circulation systems such as the monsoon, the Hadley and Walker Circulations, El Niño, and the tropical ocean warm pool. These macroscale circulations interact with a myriad of higher frequency systems, ranging from convective cloud systems to migrating equatorial waves that attend the low-frequency background flow. Towards understanding and predicting these circulation systems. A comprehensive overview of the dynamics and thermodynamics of large-scale tropical atmosphere and oceans is presented using both a “reductionist” and “holistic” perspectives of the coupled tropical system. The reductionist perspective provides a detailed description of the individual elements of the ocean and atmospheric circulations. The physical nature of each component of the tropical circulation such as the Hadley and Walker circulations, the monsoon, the incursion of extratropical phenomena into the tropics, precipitation distributions, equatorial waves and disturbances described in detail. The holistic perspective provides a physical description of how the collection of the individual components produces the observed tropical weather and climate. How the collective tropical processes determine the tropical circulation and their role in global weather and climate is provided in a series of overlapping theoretical and modelling constructs. The structure of the book follows a graduated framework. Following a detailed description of tropical phenomenology, the reader is introduced to dynamical and thermodynamical constraints that guide the planetary climate and establish a critical role for the tropics. Equatorial wave theory is developed for simple and complex background flows, including the critical role played by moist processes. The manner in which the tropics and the extratropics interact is then described, followed by a discussion of the physics behind the subtropical and near-equatorial precipitation including arid regions. The El Niño phenomena and the monsoon circulations are discussed, including their covariance and predictability. Finally, the changing structure of the tropics is discussed in terms of the extent of the tropical ocean warm pool and its relationship to the intensity of global convection and climate change. Dynamics of the Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans is aimed at advanced undergraduate and early career graduate students. It also serves as an excellent general reference book for scientists interested in tropical circulations and their relationship with the broader climate system.
Book Synopsis Global Monsoon System, The: Research And Forecast (2nd Edition) by : Chih-pei Chang
Download or read book Global Monsoon System, The: Research And Forecast (2nd Edition) written by Chih-pei Chang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011-04-21 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a current review of the science of monsoon research and forecasting. The contents are based on the invited reviews presented at the World Meteorological Organization's Fourth International Workshop on Monsoons in late 2008, with subsequent manuscripts revised from 2009 to early 2010. The book builds on the concept that the monsoons in various parts of the globe can be viewed as components of an integrated global monsoon system, while emphasizing that significant region-specific characteristics are present in individual monsoon regions. The topics covered include all major monsoon regions and time scales (mesoscale, synoptic, intraseasonal, interannual, decadal, and climate change). It is intended to provide an updated comprehensive review of the current status of knowledge, modeling capability, and future directions in the research of monsoon systems around the world.
Book Synopsis EPOCS, Equatorial Pacific Ocean Climate Studies by :
Download or read book EPOCS, Equatorial Pacific Ocean Climate Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
