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Author : L. Y. Yueh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (592 download)
Download or read book A Model of Parental Investment in Children's Human Capital written by L. Y. Yueh and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jie Bian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Parental Human Capital Investment in Children in China written by Jie Bian and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jere R. Behrman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009336185
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Parental Investments and Children's Human Capital in Low-to-Middle-Income Countries written by Jere R. Behrman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element reviews what we know about parental investments and children's human capital in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). First, it presents definitions and a simple analytical framework; then discusses determinants of children's human capital in the form of cognitive skills, socioemotional skills and physical and mental health; then reviews estimates of impacts of these forms of human capital; next considers the implications of such estimates for inequality and poverty; and concludes with a summary suggesting some positive impacts of parental investments on children's human capital in LMICs and a discussion of gaps in the literature pertaining to both data and methodology. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Author : Linda Yueh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Parental Investment in Children's Human Capital in Urban China written by Linda Yueh and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We test the extent of parental forgone consumption used instead to invest in children's human capital by use of intrahousehold resource allocation models. Using an unusual, comprehensive data set for urban China, we find more spending on boys aged 13-15 but more on girls aged 16-18, suggesting that standard human capital theories and traditional perceptions of gender bias do not completely explain educational expenditure decisions. The evidence from urban China is consistent, though, with human capital models which consider parental intertemporal preferences. Also, our findings suggest that the perceived bias in favour of sons exists weakly in contemporary urban China
Author : Ariel Kalil
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135615241
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Family Investments in Children's Potential written by Ariel Kalil and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume bring together a cross-disciplinary mix of researchers--developmental psychologists, evolutionary biologists, economists, anthropologists, and sociologists--working on the common theme of investments in children. The interdisciplinary conceptual framework adopted by this collection of papers is loosely built around the idea that there are two broad dimensions of parental investments. These include resources (e.g., income, wealth) on the one hand, and behaviors (e.g., parental instrumental support and parental activities that promote warmth, socialization, and cognitive stimulation) on the other. Believing that parental investments yield a "return" in improved child and young adult outcomes, the papers discuss how parents differ in terms of the resources they have available to invest, the choices parents make, the behaviors they engage in, and relevant policy and program interventions. More specifically, core questions addressed by the authors include: Why do some families invest while others do not and are differential investment patterns related to biology, economics, or social factors? What constitutes a successful "investment portfolio?" How are "investments" measured and/or characterized? Are different investments interchangeable, compensating, or off-setting? Given a set of resources, why are some families able to make more effective investments in child outcomes? How well do these investments affect outcomes for children and for these children as young adults? Can interventions or public policies help families build assets or become "better" investors in their children's potential? Developing a better understanding of what investments matter, when they matter, and how resources can be successfully invested in children's potential is key to shaping efficient interventions and social policies. Knowledge of how parents invest and what strategies are effective may help policies which seek to further empower and enable parental involvement and choice for their children.
Author : Rosa Gomez-Camacho
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321362626
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (626 download)
Download or read book Parental Investment in Children's Human Capital written by Rosa Gomez-Camacho and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on the study of the processes of intra-household bargaining power, decision-making, and allocation of resources followed by Mexican-origin immigrant families to invest in children's human capital. With the purpose to further understand these processes the following questions guide this research: (1) What characteristics affect bargaining power in the observed decision-making patterns within these households? (2) Are there asymmetrical and/ or competing decision making practices that differentiate preferences of mothers and fathers that may impact intra-household allocation of expenditures, and investments?, and (3) How do differences in intra-household bargaining power impact traditional outcomes of human capital investments in children such as the health or well being of their children? This research uses data from Niños Sanos, Familia Sana, a study focusing on a rural Mexican-origin immigrant community in the central valley to study the set of individual, family, and community characteristics that affect the determinants of intra-household bargaining power, decision-making, and resource allocation, to explore its effect on children's human capital outcomes in these communities. Although standard variables used in economic models help assess bargaining power within the household, additional characteristics related to the specific cultural experiences of these communities such as acculturation, isolation and immigration should be considered to provide a more culturally nuanced understanding of the household dynamics within these communities. Moreover, mother and father's characteristics are associated with particular expenditure patterns revealing asymmetric preferences in household expenditure. A measurement of child's growth supports evidence on the effect of mother and family characteristics on child's wellbeing and the need to provide further analysis into the study of intra-household dynamics to support relevant policy guidelines in these communities.
Author : Orazio P. Attanasio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)
Download or read book Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India written by Orazio P. Attanasio and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we estimate production functions for cognition and health throughout four stages of childhood from 5-15 years of age using two cohorts of children drawn from the Young Lives Survey for India. The inputs into the production function include parental background, prior child cognition and health and child investments. We allow investments to be endogenous and they depend on local prices and household income, as well as on the exogenous determinants of cognition and health. We find that investments are very important determinants of child cognition and of health at an earlier age. We also find that inputs are complementary and crucially that health is very important in determining cognition. Our paper contributes in understanding how early health outcomes are important in child development.
Author : Owen O'Donnell
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781905541
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (819 download)
Download or read book Health and Inequality written by Owen O'Donnell and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains methodological and empirical research on the measurement and causes of health inequality from leading experts in health economics and economic inequality. It is essential reading for researchers working on health inequality and provides an immediate reconnaissance of the frontiers for those entering this exciting field.
Author : Jere R. Behrman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226041575
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (415 download)
Download or read book From Parent to Child written by Jere R. Behrman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1995-08-15 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do parents allocate human capital among their children? To what extent do parental decisions about resource allocation determine children's eventual economic success? The analyses in From Parent to Child explore these questions by developing and testing a model in which the earnings of children with different genetic endowments respond differently to investments in human capital. Behrman, Pollak, and Taubman use this model to investigate issues such as parental bias in resource allocations based on gender or birth order; the extent of intergenerational mobility in income, earnings, and schooling in the United States; the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors in determining variations in schooling; and whether parents' distributions offset the intended effects of government programs designed to subsidize children. In allocating scarce resources, parents face a trade-off between equity and efficiency, between the competing desires to equalize the wealth of their children and to maximize the sum of their earnings. Building on the seminal work of Gary Becker, From Parent to Child integrates careful modeling of household behavior with systematic empirical testing, and will appeal to anyone interested in the economics of the family.
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821375415
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Abolishing School Fees in Africa written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in literacy and learning, especially through universal primary education, has done more to advance human conditions than perhaps any other policy. Our generation has the possibility of becoming the first generation ever to offer all children access to good quality basic education. But it will only happen if we have the political commitment -- at the country as well as at the international level -- to give priority to achieve this first in human history. And it will only happen if also those who cannot afford to pay school fees can benefit from a complete cycle of good quality primary education. Investment in good quality fee-free primary education should be a cornerstone in any government's poverty reduction strategy.
Author : Orazio Attanasio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India written by Orazio Attanasio and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We estimate production functions for cognition and health for children aged 1-12 in India, based on the Young Lives Survey. India has over 70 million children aged 0-5 who are at risk of developmental deficits. The inputs into the production functions include parental background, prior child cognition and health, and child investments, which are taken as endogenous. Estimation is based on a nonlinear factor model, based on multiple measurements for both inputs and child outcomes. Our results show an important effect of early health on child cognitive development, which then becomes persistent. Parental investments affect cognitive development at all ages, but more so for younger children. Investments also have an impact on health at early ages only.
Author : Miles Corak
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781139455763
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (557 download)
Download or read book Generational Income Mobility in North America and Europe written by Miles Corak and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-25 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labour markets in North America and Europe have changed tremendously in the face of increased globalisation and technical progress, raising important challenges for policy makers concerned with equality of opportunity. This book examines the influence of both changes in income inequality and of social policies on the degree to which economic advantage is passed on between parents and children in the rich countries. Standard theoretical models of generational dynamics are extended to examine generational income and earnings mobility over time and across space. Over twenty contributors from North America and Europe offer comparable estimates of the degree of mobility, changes in mobility, and the impact of government policy. In so doing, they strengthen the analytical tool kit used in the study of generational mobility, and offer insights for research and directions in dealing with equality of opportunity and child poverty.
Author : Michele Giannola
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Parental Investments and Intra-household Inequality in Child Human Capital written by Michele Giannola and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intra-household inequality explains up to 50 percent of the cross-sectional variation in child human capital in the developing world. I study the role played by parents' educational investment to explain this inequality and its determinants. To mitigate the identification problem posed by observational data, I design a lab-in-the-field experiment with poor parents in India. I develop new theory-driven survey measures based on hypothetical scenarios that allow me to separately identify parental beliefs about the human capital production function and their preferences for inequality in children's outcomes, as well as study the role of household resources. I find that parents are driven by efficiency considerations rather than inequality concerns over children's final outcomes. Because they perceive investments and baseline ability to be complements in the production function, they invest more in higher-achieving children. Resources are important, as constrained parents select more unequal allocations. I then show that primitive parameters identified in the experiment are predictive of actual investment behaviour. The results indicate that families act as a reinforcing agent, magnifying ability-based educational inequalities between children.
Author : Anna Aizer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book The Production of Human Capital written by Anna Aizer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We study how endowments, investments and fertility interact to produce human capital in childhood. We begin by providing empirical support for two key features of existing models of human capital: that investments and existing human capital are complements in the production of later human capital (dynamic complementarity) and that parents invest more in children with higher endowments due to the complementarity between endowments and investments (static complementarity). For the former, we exploit an exogenous source of investment, the launch of Head Start in 1966, and estimate greater gains from preschool in the IQ of those with the highest stocks of early human capital, consistent with dynamic complementarity. For the latter, we are able to overcome the potential endogeneity and measurement error associated with traditional measures of endowment based on health at birth. When we do, we find that parents invest more in highly endowed children. Moreover, we find that the degree of reinforcement increases with family size. Thus, an increase in quantity leads not only to a decline in average quality (the quantity-quality tradeoff) but to an increase in the variation in quality, due to both greater variation in endowments (from more children) and greater reinforcing investments. These findings can be explained by extending the quantity-quality trade-off model to include heterogeneous child endowments and parental preferences that feature complementarity between quality and quantity and moderate aversion to inequality in child human capital within the household
Author : Ariel Kalil
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 113561525X
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Family Investments in Children's Potential written by Ariel Kalil and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume bring together a cross-disciplinary mix of researchers--developmental psychologists, evolutionary biologists, economists, anthropologists, and sociologists--working on the common theme of investments in children. The interdisciplinary conceptual framework adopted by this collection of papers is loosely built around the idea that there are two broad dimensions of parental investments. These include resources (e.g., income, wealth) on the one hand, and behaviors (e.g., parental instrumental support and parental activities that promote warmth, socialization, and cognitive stimulation) on the other. Believing that parental investments yield a "return" in improved child and young adult outcomes, the papers discuss how parents differ in terms of the resources they have available to invest, the choices parents make, the behaviors they engage in, and relevant policy and program interventions. More specifically, core questions addressed by the authors include: Why do some families invest while others do not and are differential investment patterns related to biology, economics, or social factors? What constitutes a successful "investment portfolio?" How are "investments" measured and/or characterized? Are different investments interchangeable, compensating, or off-setting? Given a set of resources, why are some families able to make more effective investments in child outcomes? How well do these investments affect outcomes for children and for these children as young adults? Can interventions or public policies help families build assets or become "better" investors in their children's potential? Developing a better understanding of what investments matter, when they matter, and how resources can be successfully invested in children's potential is key to shaping efficient interventions and social policies. Knowledge of how parents invest and what strategies are effective may help policies which seek to further empower and enable parental involvement and choice for their children.
Author : Gary S. Becker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book The Manipulation of Children's Preferences, Old Age Support, and Investment in Children's Human Capital written by Gary S. Becker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We consider the link between parents' influence over the preferences of children, parental investments in children's human capital, and children's support of elderly parents. It may pay for parents to spend resources to "manipulate" children's preferences in order to induce them to support their parents in old age. Since parents invest more in children when they expect greater support, manipulation of child preferences may end up helping children and parents. A new result, that we call the "Rotten Parent Theorem," demonstrates that if children are altruistic, then even selfish parents will make the optimal investment in kids' human capital.
Author : Peter Bergman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Parent-Child Information Frictions and Human Capital Investment written by Peter Bergman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses a field experiment to answer how information frictions between parents and their children affect investments in education and how much reducing these frictions can improve student achievement. In Los Angeles, a random sample of parents was provided detailed information about their child's academic progress. I frame the results in the context of a persuasion game between parents and their children. Parents have upwardly-biased beliefs about their child's effort and the information treatment reduces this bias while increasing parental monitoring. More information allows parents to induce more effort from their children, which translates into significant gains in achievement. Relative to other interventions, additional information to parents potentially produces gains in achievement at a low cost.
