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A Measurement Of The Top Quark Mass In 196 Tev Proton Antiproton Collisions Using A Novel Matrix Element Method
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Book Synopsis A Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in 1.96 TeV Proton-antiproton Collisions Using a Novel Matrix Element Method by : John Freeman
Download or read book A Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in 1.96 TeV Proton-antiproton Collisions Using a Novel Matrix Element Method written by John Freeman and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in 1.96 TeV Proton-Antiproton Collisions Using a Novel Matrix Element Method by :
Download or read book A Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in 1.96 TeV Proton-Antiproton Collisions Using a Novel Matrix Element Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A measurement of the top quark mass in t{bar t} --> l + jets candidate events, obtained from p{bar p} collisions at (square root)s = 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron using the CDF II detector, is presented. The measurement approach is that of a matrix element method. For each candidate event, a two dimensional likelihood is calculated in the top pole mass and a constant scale factor, 'JES', where JES multiplies the input particle jet momenta and is designed to account for the systematic uncertainty of the jet momentum reconstruction. As with all matrix element techniques, the method involves an integration using the Standard Model matrix element for t{bar t} production and decay. However, the technique presented is unique in that the matrix element is modified to compensate for kinematic assumptions which are made to reduce computation time. Background events are dealt with through use of an event observable which distinguishes signal from background, as well as through a cut on the value of an event's maximum likelihood. Results are based on a 955 pb−1 data sample, using events with a high-p{sub T} lepton and exactly four high-energy jets, at least one of which is tagged as coming from a b quark; 149 events pass all the selection requirements. They find M{sub meas} = 169.8 ± 2.3(stat.) ± 1.4(syst.) GeV/c2.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Dilepton Final State Using the Matrix Element Method by : Alexander Grohsjean
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Dilepton Final State Using the Matrix Element Method written by Alexander Grohsjean and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main pacemakers of scienti?c research are curiosity, ingenuity, and a pinch of persistence. Equipped with these characteristics a young researcher will be s- cessful in pushing scienti?c discoveries. And there is still a lot to discover and to understand. In the course of understanding the origin and structure of matter it is now known that all matter is made up of six types of quarks. Each of these carry a different mass. But neither are the particular mass values understood nor is it known why elementary particles carry mass at all. One could perhaps accept some small generic mass value for every quark, but nature has decided differently. Two quarks are extremely light, three more have a somewhat typical mass value, but one quark is extremely massive. It is the top quark, the heaviest quark and even the heaviest elementary particle that we know, carrying a mass as large as the mass of three iron nuclei. Even though there exists no explanation of why different particle types carry certain masses, the internal consistency of the currently best theory—the standard model of particle physics—yields a relation between the masses of the top quark, the so-called W boson, and the yet unobserved Higgs particle. Therefore, when one assumes validity of the model, it is even possible to take precise measurements of the top quark mass to predict the mass of the Higgs (and potentially other yet unobserved) particles.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top-quark Mass in the Lepton+jets Channel Using a Matrix Element Technique with the CDF II Detector by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Top-quark Mass in the Lepton+jets Channel Using a Matrix Element Technique with the CDF II Detector written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A measurement of the top-quark mass is presented using Tevatron data from proton-antiproton collisions at center-of-mass energy √ = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector. Events are selected from a sample of candidates for production of t{bar t} pairs that decay into the lepton+jets channel. The top-quark mass is measured with an unbinned maximum likelihood method where the event probability density functions are calculated using signal and background matrix elements, as well as a set of parameterized jet-to-parton transfer functions. The likelihood function is maximized with respect to the top-quark mass, the signal fraction in the sample, and a correction to the jet energy scale (JES) calibration of the calorimeter jets. The simultaneous measurement of the JES correction ([Delta]{sub JES}) amounts to an additional in situ jet energy calibration based on the known mass of the hadronically decaying W boson. Using the data sample of 578 lepton+jets candidate events, corresponding to 3.2 fb−1 of integrated luminosity, the top-quark mass is measured to be m{sub t} = 172.4 ± 1.4 (stat + [Delta]{sub JES}) ± 1.3 (syst) GeV/c2.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by Dynamical Likelihood Method Using the Lepton Plus Jets Events in 1.96 Tev Proton-Antiproton Collisions by : Kohei Yorita
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by Dynamical Likelihood Method Using the Lepton Plus Jets Events in 1.96 Tev Proton-Antiproton Collisions written by Kohei Yorita and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have measured the top quark mass with the dynamical likelihood method (DLM) using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The Tevatron produces top and anti-top pairs in pp collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The data sample used in this paper was accumulated from March 2002 through August 2003 which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 162 pb-1.
Book Synopsis A Measurement of the Top Quark Mass with a Matrix Element Method by : Adam Paul Gibson
Download or read book A Measurement of the Top Quark Mass with a Matrix Element Method written by Adam Paul Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by Dynamical Likelihood Method Using the Lepton Plus Jets Events in 1.96 TeV Proton-antiproton Collisions by : 寄田浩平
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by Dynamical Likelihood Method Using the Lepton Plus Jets Events in 1.96 TeV Proton-antiproton Collisions written by 寄田浩平 and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Top Quark Mass Measurement Using a Matrix Element Method by :
Download or read book A Top Quark Mass Measurement Using a Matrix Element Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A measurement of the mass of the top quark is presented, using top-antitop pair (t{bar t}) candidate events for the lepton+jets decay channel. The measurement makes use of Tevatron p{bar p} collision data at centre-of-mass energy √s = 1.96 TeV, collected at the CDF detector. The top quark mass is measured by employing an unbinned maximum likelihood method where the event probability density functions are calculated using signal (t{bar t}) and background (W+jets) matrix elements, as well as a set of parameterised jet-to-parton mapping functions. The likelihood function is maximised with respect to the top quark mass, the fraction of signal events, and a correction to the jet energy scale (JES) of the calorimeter jets. The simultaneous measurement of the JES correction ([Delta]{sub JES}) provides an in situ jet energy calibration based on the known mass of the hadronically decaying W boson. Using 578 lepton+jets candidate events corresponding to 3.2 fb−1 of integrated luminosity, the top quark mass is measured to be m{sub t} = 172.4 ± 1.4 (stat+[Delta]{sub JES}) ± 1.3 (syst) GeV=c2, one of the most precise single measurements to date.
Book Synopsis Top Quark Mass Measurement from Dilepton Events at CDF II with the Matrix-element Method by :
Download or read book Top Quark Mass Measurement from Dilepton Events at CDF II with the Matrix-element Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top Quark Mass with a Matrix Element Method in the Lepton Plus Jets Channel at CDF. by : Brian Mohr
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass with a Matrix Element Method in the Lepton Plus Jets Channel at CDF. written by Brian Mohr and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present a measurement of the mass of the top quark from p{bar p} collisions at 1.96 TeV observed with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) at the Fermilab Tevatron Run II. The events have the decay signature of p{bar p} {yields} t{bar t} in the lepton plus jets channel in which at least one jet is identified as coming from a secondary vertex and therefore a b-hadron. The largest systematic uncertainty, the jet energy scale (JES), is convoluted with the statistical error using an in-situ measurement of the hadronic W boson mass. They calculate a likelihood for each event using leading-order t{bar t} and W+jets cross-sections and parameterized parton showering. The final measured top quark mass and JES systematic is extracted from a joint likelihood of the product of individual event likelihoods. From 118 events observed in 680 pb{sup -1} of data, they measure a top quark mass of 174.09 {+-} 2.54 (stat+JES) {+-} 1.35(syst) GeV/c{sup 2}.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Single Top Quark Production Cross Section in 1.96-TeV Proton-Antiproton Collisions by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Single Top Quark Production Cross Section in 1.96-TeV Proton-Antiproton Collisions written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Top quarks are predominantly produced in pairs via the strong interaction in {bar p}p collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV . The top quark has a weak isospin 1/2, composing a weak isospin doublet with the bottom quark. This characteristic predicts not only top quark pair production via strong interaction but also single production together with a bottom quark via weak interaction. However, finding single top quark production is challenging since it is rarely produced ([sigma]{sub singletop} = 2.9 pb) against background processes with the same final state like W+jets and t{bar t}. A measurement of electroweak single top production probes the W-t-b vertex, which provides a direct determination of the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element.
Book Synopsis A Precision Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by : Kevin Matthew Black
Download or read book A Precision Measurement of the Top Quark Mass written by Kevin Matthew Black and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes the measurement of the top quark mass using events recorded during a {approx} 230 pb{sup -1} exposure of the D0 detector to proton-anti-proton (p{bar p}) collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The Standard Model of particle physics predicts that the top quark will decay into a bottom quark and a W boson close to 100% of the time. The bottom quark will hadronize (bind with another quark) and produce a jet of hadronic particles. The W bosons can decay either into a charged lepton and a neutrino or a pair of quarks. this dissertation focuses on the top quark (t{bar t}) events in which one W decays hadronically and the other decays leptonically. Two methods of identifying t{bar t} events from the large number of events produced are used. The first is based on the unique topology of the final state particles of a heavy particle. By using the topological information of the event, the t{bar t} events can be efficiently extracted from the background. The second method relies on the identification of the remnants of the long lived bottom quarks that are expected to be produced in the decay of almost every top quark. Because the largest background processes do not contain bottom quarks, this is an extremely efficient way to select the events retaining about 60% of the t{bar t} events and removing almost 90% of the background. A kinematic fit to the top quark mass is performed on the t{bar t} candidate events using the final state particles that are seen in the detector. A likelihood technique is then used to extract the most likely value of the top quark mass, m{sub t}, and signal fraction. The result for the topological selection is m{sub t} = 169.9 {+-} 5.8(statistical){sub -7.8}{sup +8.0}(systematic) GeV while the results on the sample selected from identification of a b quark in the event is m{sub t} = 170.6 {+-} 4.2(statistical){sub -6.8}{sup +6.3}(systematic) GeV.
Book Synopsis Top-Quark Pair Production Cross Sections and Calibration of the Top-Quark Monte-Carlo Mass by : Jan Kieseler
Download or read book Top-Quark Pair Production Cross Sections and Calibration of the Top-Quark Monte-Carlo Mass written by Jan Kieseler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-15 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the first experimental calibration of the top-quark Monte-Carlo mass. It also provides the top-quark mass-independent and most precise top-quark pair production cross-section measurement to date. The most precise measurements of the top-quark mass obtain the top-quark mass parameter (Monte-Carlo mass) used in simulations, which are partially based on heuristic models. Its interpretation in terms of mass parameters used in theoretical calculations, e.g. a running or a pole mass, has been a long-standing open problem with far-reaching implications beyond particle physics, even affecting conclusions on the stability of the vacuum state of our universe. In this thesis, this problem is solved experimentally in three steps using data obtained with the compact muon solenoid (CMS) detector. The most precise top-quark pair production cross-section measurements to date are performed. The Monte-Carlo mass is determined and a new method for extracting the top-quark mass from theoretical calculations is presented. Lastly, the top-quark production cross-sections are obtained – for the first time – without residual dependence on the top-quark mass, are interpreted using theoretical calculations to determine the top-quark running- and pole mass with unprecedented precision, and are fully consistently compared with the simultaneously obtained top-quark Monte-Carlo mass.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Dilepton Final State Using the Matrix Element Method by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Dilepton Final State Using the Matrix Element Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The top quark, discovered in 1995 by the CDF and D0 experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, is the heaviest known fundamental particle. The precise knowledge of its mass yields important constraints on the mass of the yet-unobserved Higgs boson and allows to probe for physics beyond the Standard Model. The first measurement of the top quark mass in the dilepton channel with the Matrix Element method at the D0 experiment is presented. After a short description of the experimental environment and the reconstruction chain from hits in the detector to physical objects, a detailed review of the Matrix Element method is given. The Matrix Element method is based on the likelihood to observe a given event under the assumption of the quantity to be measured, e.g. the mass of the top quark. The method has undergone significant modifications and improvements compared to previous measurements in the lepton+jets channel: the two undetected neutrinos require a new reconstruction scheme for the four-momenta of the final state particles, the small event sample demands the modeling of additional jets in the signal likelihood, and a new likelihood is designed to account for the main source of background containing tauonic Z decay. The Matrix Element method is validated on Monte Carlo simulated events at the generator level. For the measurement, calibration curves are derived from events that are run through the full D0 detector simulation. The analysis makes use of the Run II data set recorded between April 2002 and May 2008 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.8 fb−1. A total of 107 t{bar t} candidate events with one electron and one muon in the final state are selected. Applying the Matrix Element method to this data set, the top quark mass is measured to be m{sub top}{sup Run IIa} = 170.6 ± 6.1(stat.){sub -1.5}{sup +2.1}(syst.)GeV; m{sub top}{sup Run IIb} = 174.1 ± 4.4(stat.){sub -1.8}{sup +2.5}(syst.)GeV; m{sub top}{sup comb} = 172.9 ± 3.6(stat.) ± 2.3(syst.)GeV. Systematic uncertainties are discussed, and the results are interpreted within the Standard Model of particle physics. As the main systematic uncertainty on the top quark mass comes from the knowledge of the absolute jet energy scale, studies for a simultaneous measurement of the top quark mass and the b jet energy scale are presented. The prospects that such a simultaneous determination offer for future measurements of the top quark mass are outlined.
Book Synopsis Top Quark Mass Measurement in the Lepton Plus Jets Channel Using a Modified Matrix Element Method by :
Download or read book Top Quark Mass Measurement in the Lepton Plus Jets Channel Using a Modified Matrix Element Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors report a measurement of the top quark mass, m{sub t}, obtained from p{bar p} collisions at (square root)s = 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron using the CDF II detector. They analyze a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 rfb−1. They select events with an electron or muon, large missing transverse energy, and exactly four high-energy jets in the central region of the detector, at least one of which is tagged as coming from a b quark. They calculate a signal likelihood using a matrix element integration method, where the matrix element is modified by using effective propagators to take into account assumptions on event kinematics. The event likelihood is a function of m{sub t} and a parameter JES that determines in situ the calibration of the jet energies. They use a neural network discriminant to distinguish signal from background events. They also apply a cut on the peak value of each event likelihood curve to reduce the contribution of background and badly reconstructed events. Using the 318 events that pass all selection criteria, they find m{sub t} = 172.7 ± 1.8 (stat. + JES) ± 1.2(syst.) GeV/c2.
Book Synopsis Precision Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Lepton + Jets Channel Using a Matrix Element Method with Quasi-Monte Carlo Integration by :
Download or read book Precision Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Lepton + Jets Channel Using a Matrix Element Method with Quasi-Monte Carlo Integration written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a measurement of the top quark mass obtained from p{bar p} collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron using the CDF II detector. The measurement uses a matrix element integration method to calculate a t{bar t} likelihood, employing a Quasi-Monte Carlo integration, which enables us to take into account effects due to finite detector angular resolution and quark mass effects. We calculate a t{bar t} likelihood as a 2-D function of the top pole mass m{sub t} and [Delta]{sub JES}, where [Delta]{sub JES} parameterizes the uncertainty in our knowledge of the jet energy scale; it is a shift applied to all jet energies in units of the jet-dependent systematic error. By introducing [Delta]{sub JES} into the likelihood, we can use the information contained in W boson decays to constrain [Delta]{sub JES} and reduce error due to this uncertainty. We use a neural network discriminant to identify events likely to be background, and apply a cut on the peak value of individual event likelihoods to reduce the effect of badly reconstructed events. This measurement uses a total of 4.3 fb−1 of integrated luminosity, requiring events with a lepton, large E{sub T}, and exactly four high-energy jets in the pseudorapidity range.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by Dynamical Likelihood Method Using the Lepton + Jets Events with the Collider Detector at Fermilab by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Top Quark Mass by Dynamical Likelihood Method Using the Lepton + Jets Events with the Collider Detector at Fermilab written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have measured the top quark mass with the dynamical likelihood method. The data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.7fb−1 was collected in proton antiproton collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV with the CDF detector at Fermilab Tevatron during the period March 2002-March 2007. We select t{bar t} pair production candidates by requiring one high energy lepton and four jets, in which at least one of jets must be tagged as a b-jet. In order to reconstruct the top quark mass, we use the dynamical likelihood method based on maximum likelihood method where a likelihood is defined as the differential cross section multiplied by the transfer function from observed quantities to parton quantities, as a function of the top quark mass and the jet energy scale(JES). With this method, we measure the top quark mass to be 171.6 ± 2.0 (stat.+ JES) ± 1.3(syst.) = 171.6 ± 2.4 GeV/c2.
