A Human Rights Approach to Consumer Credit

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis A Human Rights Approach to Consumer Credit by : Chrystin D. Ondersma

Download or read book A Human Rights Approach to Consumer Credit written by Chrystin D. Ondersma and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As consumer credit and its attendant problems have exploded around the globe, consumer protection has been the dominant, if not exclusive, framework for mitigating risks to the consumer. Historically, consumer protection work in the consumer credit context has focused on “leveling the playing field” between debtors and creditors by preventing fraud and ensuring proper disclosure. Certain types of loans are now subject to substantive restrictions, such as the new Dodd-Frank regulations requiring mortgage lenders to ensure that borrowers have the ability to repay high cost mortgages. Despite these important advances, some critical gaps remain. Predatory lending continues to be a significant problem. In addition, even in circumstances where there are effective disclosures and absent predatory behavior, consumers can find themselves financially distressed as a result of onerous debt obligations. In particular, the current approach does not effectively address situations in which a debtor's desperation renders her willing to accept credit on whatever terms it is offered.This paper suggests that a human rights framework can provide a complementary overlay to the consumer protection approach to consumer credit. Far from supplanting the consumer protection framework, human rights principles can bolster and complement consumer protection work. Human rights principles can establish a universal floor of protection that prevents a race to the bottom and cannot be circumvented on economic efficiency grounds. I propose a specific example of a consumer credit regulation based on human rights: namely, states should not enforce a consumer credit contract if, at the time of the contract, it was substantially likely that the contract would render the debtor unable to meet his or her basic needs.

The Dynamics of the Consumer-creditor Relationship

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dynamics of the Consumer-creditor Relationship by : Caleb Mapatha

Download or read book The Dynamics of the Consumer-creditor Relationship written by Caleb Mapatha and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Discrimination, Vulnerable Consumers and Financial Inclusion

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000295192
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Discrimination, Vulnerable Consumers and Financial Inclusion by : Cătălin-Gabriel Stănescu

Download or read book Discrimination, Vulnerable Consumers and Financial Inclusion written by Cătălin-Gabriel Stănescu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-28 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the questions of discrimination, vulnerable consumers, and financial inclusion in the light of the emerging legal, socioeconomic, and technological challenges. New technologies – such as artificial intelligence-driven consumer credit risk assessment and Fintech platforms, the changing nature of vulnerability due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the sophistication of digital technologies, which help circumvent legal barriers and protections – necessitate the continuous study of the existing legal frameworks and measures that are capable of tackling these challenges. Organized in two major parts, the first addresses, from multiple national angles, the idea of a human rights approach to consumer law, in order to replace the mantra of economic efficiency that characterizes financial services with those of human dignity and freedom from discrimination and from debt-induced servitude. The second tackles the challenges posed by increased usage of technology in connection with financial services, which tends to solve, but also creates, additional issues for consumers in general, and for vulnerable groups in particular.

EU Consumer Law and Human Rights

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199651973
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis EU Consumer Law and Human Rights by : Iris Benöhr

Download or read book EU Consumer Law and Human Rights written by Iris Benöhr and published by . This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the relationship between fundamental rights and consumer law in the EU, this book provides the first comprehensive analysis of the joint implications of the Lisbon Treaty and the Charter of Fundamental Rights. It examines the potential tensions that may emerge between consumer protection objectives and economic, market-oriented goals.

A Human Rights Framework for Debt Relief

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 75 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis A Human Rights Framework for Debt Relief by : Chrystin D. Ondersma

Download or read book A Human Rights Framework for Debt Relief written by Chrystin D. Ondersma and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project begins to answer the question: How might human rights obligations and standards inform lawmaking around the treatment of over-indebted individuals? Recently, policymakers in Europe have articulated a desire to incorporate human rights principles in their responses to consumer over-indebtedness. However, beyond a handful of vague references, there has been no analysis of how human rights principles might inform the treatment of over-indebtedness. This paper analyzes the human rights that are implicated in the treatment of over-indebtedness and discusses how each right can be adequately taken into account in crafting consumer insolvency regimes. In undertaking this analysis, I suggest that a human rights based evaluation of nations' insolvency systems or lack thereof must be contextualized in nations' background rules including 1) the available social safety net, 2) the nature of consumer credit contracts that default laws permit to exist, and 3) permissible collection methods. This project should be useful for two groups: 1) those drafting or proposing legislation addressing consumer over-indebtedness who are members of countries that have undertaken specific human rights obligations, and 2) lawmakers or policymakers who wish their proposed legislation to reflect cognizance of human rights principles even when not obligatory.

Nigerian Consumer Credit

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031117409
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Nigerian Consumer Credit by : Philemon Iko-Ojo Omede

Download or read book Nigerian Consumer Credit written by Philemon Iko-Ojo Omede and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-30 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically reviews transnational banking regulations that specifically impact consumer lending in Africa's largest economy. It provides a comprehensive analysis on the politics and economics of financial sector consolidation in an emerging market in West Africa, also covering law, consumer credit, and consumer policy along with a discussion of banking sector reforms heavily influenced by the neoliberal economics paradigm. There have been several developments since the publication of the existing books especially in the area of regulatory theory and social protection that are captured in this book, which will be of interest to researchers, students, and scholars of banking regulation, development economics, and international finance.

Consumer Credit and the American Economy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0195169921
Total Pages : 737 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Consumer Credit and the American Economy by : Thomas A. Durkin

Download or read book Consumer Credit and the American Economy written by Thomas A. Durkin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumer Credit and the American Economy examines the economics, behavioral science, sociology, history, institutions, law, and regulation of consumer credit in the United States. After discussing the origins and various kinds of consumer credit available in today's marketplace, this book reviews at some length the long run growth of consumer credit to explore the widely held belief that somehow consumer credit has risen "too fast for too long." It then turns to demand and supply with chapters discussing neoclassical theories of demand, new behavioral economics, and evidence on production costs and why consumer credit might seem expensive compared to some other kinds of credit like government finance. This discussion includes review of the economics of risk management and funding sources, as well discussion of the economic theory of why some people might be limited in their credit search, the phenomenon of credit rationing. This examination includes review of issues of risk management through mathematical methods of borrower screening known as credit scoring and financial market sources of funding for offerings of consumer credit. The book then discusses technological change in credit granting. It examines how modern automated information systems called credit reporting agencies, or more popularly "credit bureaus," reduce the costs of information acquisition and permit greater credit availability at less cost. This discussion is followed by examination of the logical offspring of technology, the ubiquitous credit card that permits consumers access to both payments and credit services worldwide virtually instantly. After a chapter on institutions that have arisen to supply credit to individuals for whom mainstream credit is often unavailable, including "payday loans" and other small dollar sources of loans, discussion turns to legal structure and the regulation of consumer credit. There are separate chapters on the theories behind the two main thrusts of federal regulation to this point, fairness for all and financial disclosure. Following these chapters, there is another on state regulation that has long focused on marketplace access and pricing. Before a final concluding chapter, another chapter focuses on two noncredit marketplace products that are closely related to credit. The first of them, debt protection including credit insurance and other forms of credit protection, is economically a complement. The second product, consumer leasing, is a substitute for credit use in many situations, especially involving acquisition of automobiles. This chapter is followed by a full review of consumer bankruptcy, what happens in the worst of cases when consumers find themselves unable to repay their loans. Because of the importance of consumer credit in consumers' financial affairs, the intended audience includes anyone interested in these issues, not only specialists who spend much of their time focused on them. For this reason, the authors have carefully avoided academic jargon and the mathematics that is the modern language of economics. It also examines the psychological, sociological, historical, and especially legal traditions that go into fully understanding what has led to the demand for consumer credit and to what the markets and institutions that provide these products have become today.

Getting By

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199974926
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Getting By by : Helen Hershkoff

Download or read book Getting By written by Helen Hershkoff and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting By offers an integrated, critical account of the federal laws and programs that most directly affect poor and low-income people in the United States-the unemployed, the underemployed, and the low-wage employed, whether working in or outside the home. The central aim is to provide a resource for individuals and groups trying to access benefits, secure rights and protections, and mobilize for economic justice. The topics covered include cash assistance, employment and labor rights, food assistance, health care, education, consumer and banking law, housing assistance, rights in public places, access to justice, and voting rights. This comprehensive volume is appropriate for law school and undergraduate courses, and is a vital resource for policy makers, journalists, and others interested in social welfare policy in the United States.

EU Consumer Law and Human Rights

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191650641
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis EU Consumer Law and Human Rights by : Iris Benöhr

Download or read book EU Consumer Law and Human Rights written by Iris Benöhr and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, consumer law has played an instrumental role in the EU as a tool for market integration. There are now signs in the new EU legal framework and jurisprudence that this may be changing. The Lisbon Treaty contains provisions affecting consumer law and, at the same time, it grants binding legal force to the EU Charter, which in turn adds a fundamental rights dimension to consumer protection. This evolution, however, is still at an early stage and may be thwarted by conflicting trends. Moreover, it may generate tensions between social objectives and economic goals. This book provides the first comprehensive analysis of these developments and examines new avenues that may be opening for consumer law, focusing on three key areas: financial services, electronic communication and access to justice. Through a systematic analysis of relevant cases, the book traces the development of a human rights dimension in consumer law and details the ramifications that the post-Lisbon legal framework may have on consumer protection and policy. This book concludes by proposing new directions in consumer law, striking a compromise between social and economic demands.

Artificial Intelligence and the Law

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Publisher : Intersentia
ISBN 13 : 9781839701030
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence and the Law by : Jan De Bruyne

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and the Law written by Jan De Bruyne and published by Intersentia. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly more prevalent in our daily social and professional lives. Although AI systems and robots bring many benefits, they present several challenges as well. The autonomous and opaque nature of AI systems implies that their commercialisation will affect the legal and regulatory framework.0In this comprehensive book, scholars critically examine how AI systems may impact Belgian law. It contains contributions on consumer protection, contract law, liability, data protection, procedural law, insurance, health, intellectual property, arbitration, lethal autonomous weapons, tax law, employment law, ethics,?While specific topics of Belgian private and public law are thoroughly addressed, the book also provides a general overview of a number of regulatory and ethical AI evolutions and tendencies in the European Union. Therefore, it is a must-read for legal scholars, practitioners and government officials as well as for anyone with an interest in law and AI.

Consumer and SME Credit Law

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1526515881
Total Pages : 2649 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Consumer and SME Credit Law by : Nora Beausang

Download or read book Consumer and SME Credit Law written by Nora Beausang and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 2649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With 2000+ pages of guidance, this important new textbook provides an extensive and in-depth guide to the current labyrinthine regulatory regime relating to consumer and SME credit (by way of cash loans) and protection generally, including the Consumer Protection Code, the Consumer Credit Act (housing loans and non-housing loans), the EU Consumer Credit Regulations, the EU Mortgage Credit Regulations and the Central Bank Housing Loan Regulations. Other lending-related conduct of business requirements are also covered in detail, including the Code of Conduct on Mortgage Arrears, the Lending to SME Regulations, the Code on Related Parties Lending and the Credit Reporting Act, together with applicable EBA/ECB Guidelines dealing with loan origination, product oversight and governance, non-performing exposures/loans and arrears. The regulated activities triggering authorisation as a retail credit firm or credit servicing firm are also addressed in detail. The book additionally extends beyond lending to have application to the wider business of regulated firms in the financial services arena, dealing in detail with issues including the general principles and requirements of the Consumer Protection Code,the fitness and probity regime including the area of minimum competency, distance marketing requirements and other background to the regulatory regime in Ireland including the increased regulatory focus on the culture of regulated firms and product oversight and governance. The available redress/recourse mechanisms are also covered, including the Financial Services and Pensions Ombudsman, the Credit Review Office, the regulatory and other consequences of breach of applicable requirements and the significant risk management area for regulated firms of their customers' statutory right to redress on breach of financial services legislation. In addition, the book has relevance to professionals dealing with consumers in any contractual context including extensive treatment of how the concept of 'consumer' has developed under common law, the unfair commercial practices regime and the increasingly topical area of unfair contract terms legislation. Relevant case law of the Irish courts and other common law jurisdictions, together with an expanding corpus of decisions from the CJEU, are addressed in detail. This book's practical style is designed to assist bankers, other regulated firms, lawyers, compliance professionals and regulators in the application of a complex area. Rather than simply setting out the separate requirements, the book seeks to navigate the at times contradictory legislative and regulatory strands to give (in so far as is possible) a coherent sense of how they integrate. Much of the content is unique and cannot be found in any other publication. An essential addition to the library of every lender, practitioner and compliance and regulatory risk professional, particularly in the areas of consumer and SME credit.

Human Rights and World Public Order

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190882638
Total Pages : 1137 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights and World Public Order by : Myres Smith McDougal

Download or read book Human Rights and World Public Order written by Myres Smith McDougal and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a classic text of the New Haven School of International Law, this book explores human rights and international law in the broadest sense, taking into account social sciences research while embracing all values secured, or consequently fulfilled, or needed to thus be achieved. The re-issuance of this venerable title, unveils this work to a new generation of scholars, students, and practitioners of international law and human rights.

Complying with the telemarketing sales rule

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Complying with the telemarketing sales rule by :

Download or read book Complying with the telemarketing sales rule written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Financing the American Dream

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400822831
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Financing the American Dream by : Lendol Calder

Download or read book Financing the American Dream written by Lendol Calder and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once there was a golden age of American thrift, when citizens lived sensibly within their means and worked hard to stay out of debt. The growing availability of credit in this century, however, has brought those days to an end--undermining traditional moral virtues such as prudence, diligence, and the delay of gratification while encouraging reckless consumerism. Or so we commonly believe. In this engaging and thought-provoking book, Lendol Calder shows that this conception of the past is in fact a myth. Calder presents the first book-length social and cultural history of the rise of consumer credit in America. He focuses on the years between 1890 and 1940, when the legal, institutional, and moral bases of today's consumer credit were established, and in an epilogue takes the story up to the present. He draws on a wide variety of sources--including personal diaries and letters, government and business records, newspapers, advertisements, movies, and the words of such figures as Benjamin Franklin, Mark Twain, and P. T. Barnum--to show that debt has always been with us. He vigorously challenges the idea that consumer credit has eroded traditional values. Instead, he argues, monthly payments have imposed strict, externally reinforced disciplines on consumers, making the culture of consumption less a playground for hedonists than an extension of what Max Weber called the "iron cage" of disciplined rationality and hard work. Throughout, Calder keeps in clear view the human face of credit relations. He re-creates the Dickensian world of nineteenth-century pawnbrokers, takes us into the dingy backstairs offices of loan sharks, into small-town shops and New York department stores, and explains who resorted to which types of credit and why. He also traces the evolving moral status of consumer credit, showing how it changed from a widespread but morally dubious practice into an almost universal and generally accepted practice by World War II. Combining clear, rigorous arguments with a colorful, narrative style, Financing the American Dream will attract a wide range of academic and general readers and change how we understand one of the most important and overlooked aspects of American social and economic life.

Credit Risk Scorecards

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118429168
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Credit Risk Scorecards by : Naeem Siddiqi

Download or read book Credit Risk Scorecards written by Naeem Siddiqi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for Credit Risk Scorecards "Scorecard development is important to retail financial services in terms of credit risk management, Basel II compliance, and marketing of credit products. Credit Risk Scorecards provides insight into professional practices in different stages of credit scorecard development, such as model building, validation, and implementation. The book should be compulsory reading for modern credit risk managers." —Michael C. S. Wong Associate Professor of Finance, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Regional Director, Global Association of Risk Professionals "Siddiqi offers a practical, step-by-step guide for developing and implementing successful credit scorecards. He relays the key steps in an ordered and simple-to-follow fashion. A 'must read' for anyone managing the development of a scorecard." —Jonathan G. Baum Chief Risk Officer, GE Consumer Finance, Europe "A comprehensive guide, not only for scorecard specialists but for all consumer credit professionals. The book provides the A-to-Z of scorecard development, implementation, and monitoring processes. This is an important read for all consumer-lending practitioners." —Satinder Ahluwalia Vice President and Head-Retail Credit, Mashreqbank, UAE "This practical text provides a strong foundation in the technical issues involved in building credit scoring models. This book will become required reading for all those working in this area." —J. Michael Hardin, PhD Professor of StatisticsDepartment of Information Systems, Statistics, and Management ScienceDirector, Institute of Business Intelligence "Mr. Siddiqi has captured the true essence of the credit risk practitioner's primary tool, the predictive scorecard. He has combined both art and science in demonstrating the critical advantages that scorecards achieve when employed in marketing, acquisition, account management, and recoveries. This text should be part of every risk manager's library." —Stephen D. Morris Director, Credit Risk, ING Bank of Canada

Human Rights and Social Work

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139511084
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights and Social Work by : Jim Ife

Download or read book Human Rights and Social Work written by Jim Ife and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, Human Rights and Social Work explores how the principles of human rights inform contemporary social work practice. Jim Ife considers the implications of social work's traditional Enlightenment heritage and the possibilities of 'post-Enlightenment' practice in a way that is accessible, direct and engaging. The world has changed significantly since the publication of the first edition in 2000 and this book is situated firmly within the context of present-day debates, concerns and crises. Ife covers the importance of relating human rights to the non-human world, as well as the consequences of political and ecological uncertainty. Featuring examples, further readings and a glossary, readers are able to identify and investigate the important issues and questions arising from human rights and social work. Now more than ever, Human Rights and Social Work is an indispensable resource for students, scholars and practitioners alike.

Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 by : United States

Download or read book Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: