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A History Of The German Public Pension System
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Book Synopsis A History of the German Public Pension System by : Alfred C. Mierzejewski
Download or read book A History of the German Public Pension System written by Alfred C. Mierzejewski and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A History of the German Public Pension System: Continuity amid Change provides the first comprehensive institutional history of the German public pension system from its origins in the late nineteenth century to the major reform period in the early twenty-first century. Relying on a wide range sources, including many used for the first time, this study provides a balanced account of how the pension system has coped with major challenges, such as Germany’s defeat in two world wars, inflation, the Great Depression, the demographic transition, political risk, reunification, and changing gender roles. It shows that while the pension system has changed to meet all of these challenges, it has retained basic characteristics—particularly the tie between work, contributions, and benefits—that fundamentally define its character and have enabled it to survive economic and political turmoil for over a century. This book also demonstrates that the most serious challenge faced by the pension system has consistently been political intervention by leaders hoping to use it for purposes unrelated to its mission of providing the insured with secure and adequate retirement income.
Book Synopsis Political Determinants of Evolution and Reform of the German Public Pension Plan by : Nicole Petrick
Download or read book Political Determinants of Evolution and Reform of the German Public Pension Plan written by Nicole Petrick and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-08 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin, 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The paper discusses the evolution and reform of the German public pension plan in respect to its history, theoretical approaches to explain the choice and evolution of pension plans and takes current issues in account in order to evaluate the suggestions made and to show what political determinants influence future reform. Part 1 of this paper will give a short review of the history of the German public pension plan between the late 19th century and today. Part 2 will show how decisions made in the past could be explained and will use political approaches to explain the choice and evolution of pension schemes and pension reform. Part 3 of this paper will then consider the current problems faced by the pension system and will discuss different proposals made. It will consider the current situation of the German public pension plan and will use political determinants in order to examine how the future reform of the public pension fund in Germany could develop. A small critique will be given at the end.
Book Synopsis German Pension Reform by : Christina Benita Wilke
Download or read book German Pension Reform written by Christina Benita Wilke and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2009 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The German pension system was the first formal pension system in the world, designed by Bismarck nearly 120 years ago. It has been very successful in providing high and reliable pension levels at reasonable contribution rates. While the generosity of the German pension system is considered a great social achievement, negative incentive effects of past reforms in the 1970s and 1980s and population aging are threatening the very core of the system. This has led to fundamental pension reforms since 1992. Based on a detailed simulation model of the German pension system, this book provides a thorough assessment of the system and its reforms. It shows that the latest reforms have put the system back onto a stable path and moved it from the old monolithic towards a multi-pillar system.
Book Synopsis Growing Old in Dignity by : Eugen Stumpf
Download or read book Growing Old in Dignity written by Eugen Stumpf and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-11 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2011 in the subject Politics - Political Systems - Germany, grade: 1,0, University of applied sciences, Düsseldorf, course: Economics - MBA, Master of Business Administration, language: English, abstract: This paper surveys the situation of the German pension system after a sequence of reforms which started as a fully funded system implemented by Bismarck during the 1880s, with a mandatory retirement age of 70 years when male life expectancy at birth was less than 45 years. Today, life expectancy for men is more than 80 years. After a long and arduous debate in the German Bundestag, agreements on a comprehensive pension reform resulted in the pension reform of 1957, which mainly established changes such as the normal retirement age at 65, the retirement at the age of 60 for elderly unemployed, the retirement for women at the age of 60 and, at last, the introduction of dynamic benefits indexed to gross wages which had an immediate impact on the economic wellness of current retirees. Thereafter, the 1972 reform made the German pension system one of the most generous of the world, as it mainly opened the public pension insurance system to all workers with generous terms for back-payment of contributions and eased the terms and conditions for early retirement by the implementation of the so-called 'flexible retirement', as discussed in chapter 1 of this paper. The following pension reforms discussed in this paper are the "Riester reform" of 2001 with the following main objectives: the sustainability of contribution rates in order to secure the long-term stability of pension levels and the spread of supplementary private pension savings, and continuing with the efforts of the Rürup commission which culminated in the "Rürup reform" of 2004 which the objective to stabilize contribution rates while at the same time ensuring appropriate future pension levels. Based on the above, it can be concluded that on the whole the sequence o
Book Synopsis Sustainability of the German Pension Scheme: Employment at Higher Ages and Incentives for Delayed Retirement by : Lewicki, Maria Patricia
Download or read book Sustainability of the German Pension Scheme: Employment at Higher Ages and Incentives for Delayed Retirement written by Lewicki, Maria Patricia and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-25 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aging society and threatening old-age poverty are two major political topics in Germany for the next decades. Many modern employment biographies consist of atypical employment and discontinuities; both negatively impact the pension entitlements of the individuals. This work develops an inninnovative approach that offers flexibility to absorb demographic changes as well as labor market developments, without threatening the financial stability of the public pension scheme.
Book Synopsis The Reform of Bismarckian Pension Systems by : Martin Schludi
Download or read book The Reform of Bismarckian Pension Systems written by Martin Schludi and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an analysis of the political process involved in the reform of the pension systems in European countries.
Book Synopsis Political Determinants of Evolution and Reform of the German Public Pension Plan by : Nicole Petrick
Download or read book Political Determinants of Evolution and Reform of the German Public Pension Plan written by Nicole Petrick and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-05-10 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: The paper discusses the evolution and reform of the German public pension plan in respect to its history, theoretical approaches to explain the choice and evolution of pension plans and takes current issues in account in order to evaluate the suggestions made and to show what political determinants influence future reform. Part 1 of this paper will give a short review of the history of the German public pension plan between the late 19th century and today. Part 2 will show how decisions made in the past could be explained and will use political approaches to explain the choice and evolution of pension schemes and pension reform. Part 3 of this paper will then consider the current problems faced by the pension system and will discuss different proposals made. It will consider the current situation of the German public pension plan and will use political determinants in order to examine how the future reform of the public pension fund in Germany could develop. A small critique will be given at the end.
Book Synopsis Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by : Jonathan Gruber
Download or read book Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World written by Jonathan Gruber and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World represents the second stage of an ongoing research project studying the relationship between social security and labor. In the first volume, Jonathan Gruber and David A. Wise revealed enormous disincentives to continued work at older ages in developed countries. Provisions of many social security programs typically encourage retirement by reducing pay for work, inducing older employees to leave the labor force early and magnifying the financial burden caused by an aging population. At a certain age there is simply no financial benefit to continuing to work. In this volume, the authors turn to a country-by-country analysis of retirement behavior based on micro-data. The result of research compiled by teams in twelve countries, the volume shows an almost uniform correlation between levels of social security incentives and retirement behavior in each country. The estimates also show that the effect is strikingly uniform in countries with very different cultural histories, labor market institutions, and other social characteristics.
Book Synopsis Pension Systems and Retirement Incomes Across OECD Countries by : Richard Disney
Download or read book Pension Systems and Retirement Incomes Across OECD Countries written by Richard Disney and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the pension reform process in nine countries. It examines the policy reform process in each country, against the background of the fiscal stresses arising from ageing populations. It also explores whether different pension delivery systems generate different standards of living.
Book Synopsis Childlessness in Europe: Contexts, Causes, and Consequences by : Michaela Kreyenfeld
Download or read book Childlessness in Europe: Contexts, Causes, and Consequences written by Michaela Kreyenfeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-11 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This open access book provides an overview of childlessness throughout Europe. It offers a collection of papers written by leading demographers and sociologists that examine contexts, causes, and consequences of childlessness in countries throughout the region.The book features data from all over Europe. It specifically highlights patterns of childlessness in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Finland, Sweden, Austria and Switzerland. An additional chapter on childlessness in the United States puts the European experience in perspective. The book offers readers such insights as the determinants of lifelong childlessness, whether governments can and should counteract increasing childlessness, how the phenomenon differs across social strata and the role economic uncertainties play. In addition, the book also examines life course dynamics and biographical patterns, assisted reproduction as well as the consequences of childlessness. Childlessness has been increasing rapidly in most European countries in recent decades. This book offers readers expert analysis into this issue from leading experts in the field of family behavior. From causes to consequences, it explores the many facets of childlessness throughout Europe to present a comprehensive portrait of this important demographic and sociological trend.
Book Synopsis The Pension Fund Revolution by : Peter F. Drucker
Download or read book The Pension Fund Revolution written by Peter F. Drucker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Pension Fund Revolution, originally published nearly two decades ago under the title The Unseen Revolution, Drucker reports that institutional investors, especially pension funds, have become the controlling owners of America's large companies, the country's only capitalists. He maintains that the shift began in 1952 with the establishment of the first modern pension fund by General Motors. By 1960 it had become so obvious that a group of young men decided to found a stock-exchange firm catering exclusively to these new investors. Ten years later this firm (Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette) became the most successful, and one of the biggest, Wall Street firms.Drucker's argument, that through pension funds ownership of the means of production had become socialized without becoming nationalized, was unacceptable to the conventional wisdom of the country in the 1970s. Even less acceptable was the second theme of the book: the aging of America. Among the predictions made by Drucker in The Pension Fund Revolution are: that a major health care issue would be longevity; that pensions and social security would be central to American economy and society; that the retirement age would have to be extended; and that altogether American politics would increasingly be dominated by middle-class issues and the values of elderly people.While readers of the original edition found these conclusions hard to accept, Drucker's work has proven to be prescient. In the new epilogue, Drucker discusses how the increasing dominance of pension funds represents one of the most startling power shifts in economic history, and he examines their present-day Impact. The Pension Fund Revolution is now considered a classic text regarding the effects of pension fund ownership on the governance of the American corporation and on the structure of the American economy altogether. The reissuing of this book is more timely now than ever. It provides a w
Book Synopsis The Origin of the Welfare State in England and Germany, 1850-1914 by : E. P. Hennock
Download or read book The Origin of the Welfare State in England and Germany, 1850-1914 written by E. P. Hennock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-12 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comparison of the origins of the welfare state in England and Germany (1850-1914).
Book Synopsis Economic Challenges of Pension Systems by : Marta Peris-Ortiz
Download or read book Economic Challenges of Pension Systems written by Marta Peris-Ortiz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the major economic challenges associated with the sustainability of public pensions, specifically demographic change, labor-market relations, and risk sharing. The issue of public pensions occupies the political and economic agendas of many major governments in the world. International organizations such as the World Bank and the OECD warn that the economic changes driven by an aging society negatively affects the sustainability of pension systems. This book analyzes different global public pension systems to offer policies, methods and tools for sustainable public pensions. Real case studies from France, Sweden, Latin America, Algeria, USA and Mexico are featured.
Book Synopsis Reforming the Greek Pension System by : Mr. Alvar Kangur
Download or read book Reforming the Greek Pension System written by Mr. Alvar Kangur and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Greek pension system has been costly, complex, and distortive, which has contributed to Greece’s fiscal problems and discouraged labor force participation. Several attempts to reform the system faltered due to lack of implementation, pushback by vested interests, and court rulings leading to reversals. A series of reforms introduced throughout 2015–17 unified benefit and contribution rules, removed several distortions and reduced fragmentation and costs. If fully implemented throughout the long-term, these reforms can go a long way towards enhancing the pension system affordability. However, reforms faced setbacks and fell short of creating stronger incentives to build long contribution histories, to deliver sustainable growth by improving the fiscal policy mix, and to ensure fairness and equitable burden sharing across generations and interest groups. Policy priorities should aim towards fully implementing the 2015–17 reforms and complementing them with additional reforms to address these remaining objectives.
Book Synopsis The German Public Pension System by : Axel Börsch-Supan
Download or read book The German Public Pension System written by Axel Börsch-Supan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Describes the German pension system as it has shaped the labor market until about the year 2000" and "describes the three staged reform process." - abstract.
Book Synopsis The Party's Over by : Alfred C. Mierzejewski
Download or read book The Party's Over written by Alfred C. Mierzejewski and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Party's Over: The End of the Welfare State Boom in Western Europe provides the first comprehensive account of the West German Pension Reform Law 1972 (Rentenreformgesetz 1972 - RRG 1972), which marked the end of the period of rapid welfare state growth in Western Europe after World War II. Alfred C. Mierzejewski uses extensive archival research to explore how the law was conceived, how it was modified and expanded during parliamentary debate, and the effects that it had after it was enacted. Mierzejewski puts the reform into Western European context by comparing it with British and French efforts to develop their public pension systems since the seventeenth century. In doing so, The Party’s Over highlights both the general trends in post-World War II Western European welfare state development as well as the differences in how these three countries organized and managed their pension plans. Mierzejewski underscores the political risk that endangers old age pensions delivered by government mandated pay-as-you-go systems and demonstrates how policy matters, revealing how the end of the West European welfare state boom is relevant and significant for both workers and retirees today.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History by : Helmut Walser Smith
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History written by Helmut Walser Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive, multi-author survey of German history that features cutting-edge syntheses of major topics by an international team of leading scholars. Emphasizing demographic, economic, and political history, this Handbook places German history in a denser transnational context than any other general history of Germany. It underscores the centrality of war to the unfolding of German history, and shows how it dramatically affected the development of German nationalism and the structure of German politics. It also reaches out to scholars and students beyond the field of history with detailed and cutting-edge chapters on religious history and on literary history, as well as to contemporary observers, with reflections on Germany and the European Union, and on 'multi-cultural Germany'. Covering the period from around 1760 to the present, this Handbook represents a remarkable achievement of synthesis based on current scholarship. It constitutes the starting point for anyone trying to understand the complexities of German history as well as the state of scholarly reflection on Germany's dramatic, often destructive, integration into the community of modern nations. As it brings this story to the present, it also places the current post-unification Federal Republic of Germany into a multifaceted historical context. It will be an indispensable resource for scholars, students, and anyone interested in modern Germany.
