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A Hearing Screening Programme For Infants From A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit In A South African Provincial Hospital
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Book Synopsis A Hearing Screening Programme for Infants from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a South African Provincial Hospital by : Frances Kriek
Download or read book A Hearing Screening Programme for Infants from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a South African Provincial Hospital written by Frances Kriek and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of early detection and intervention of hearing loss in neonates and infants has been marked by a growing international body of research investigating hearing screening programmes, protocols and outcomes of early detection for hearing loss. In South Africa, screening for neonates and infants in general and particularly for hearing loss is not common practice and is not meeting the needs of the South African population, with very few infants identified with hearing loss early in life. The Year 2002 Hearing Screening Position Statement recommends an intermediate step toward universal screening in the form of Targeted Newborn Hearing Screening (TNHS) as an option for developing countries with limited resources. The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) provides a starting point for TNHS because it encompasses a number of risk factors for hearing loss. A combined descriptive and exploratory research methodology was followed to provide a comprehensive perspective on longitudinal hearing screening for NICU neonates and infants at a provincial hospital in South Africa. The quantitative methods included a structured interview to compile risk factor information. Immittance measurements used included acoustic reflex measurements, 226 Hz and 1000 Hz tympanometry. Automated Otoacoustic Emission (AOAE) as well as Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) screening was conducted. Routine follow-up visits at three month intervals were booked if a subject passed the screen and a follow-up screening for further testing was booked if a subject referred the screening. A total of 49 neonates and infants as well as mothers were enrolled in the first year and followed up for the second year of data collection period. The results indicated that the NICU had potential as platform for TNHS in South Africa. The high incidence of risk factors reported is more when compared with developed countries and highlights the importance of hearing screening in the at risk population for a developing country. The results confirmed reports that 226 Hz probe tone tympanometry produces erroneous responses in young infants. A high correspondence between high frequency tympanometry and AOAE results was found and underlines the need for differential diagnosis to accurately detect middle ear effusion and/or sensorineural hearing loss in neonates and infants. The unilateral AOAE refer rate (7%) was within range of the reported values for initial screening at discharge from the NICU. AABR results indicated a relatively high unilateral refer result (24%) and may be attributed to irritability and restlessness. The highest referral rates in the current study were recorded during the second and third visit and may be attributed to the presence of middle-ear pathology in older infants. The perceptions of mothers emphasized the lack of awareness regarding hearing and hearing loss in South Africa. Lack of knowledge may be a contributing actor to poor compliance with screening follow-up. Despite prevailing challenges, such as a low follow-up return rate, lack of awareness regarding the benefits of early detection of hearing loss, the effect of middle ear effusion on screening results, the cost of hearing screening and different priorities of the national healthcare system, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus, demonstrated the NICU promise as platform for TNHS in South Africa. TNHS programmes may serve as starting point to direct universal neonatal hearing screening programmes in South Africa.
Book Synopsis Hearing Screening for Infants from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at a State Hospital by : Natalie Anne Stearn
Download or read book Hearing Screening for Infants from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at a State Hospital written by Natalie Anne Stearn and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infant hearing screening (IHS) programs are not yet widespread in developing countries, such as South Africa. In order to ensure that the benefits of early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) programs reach all infants, initial recommendations for the implementation of IHS programs in South Africa have been made by the Year 2002 Hearing Screening Position Statement by the Health Professions Council of South Africa. One of the platforms recommended for IHS in South Africa is the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). South African NICU infants are at an increased risk for hearing loss, resultant of their high-risk birth histories, as well as the prevalence of context-specific environmental risk factors for hearing loss. There is currently a general scarcity of contextual data regarding the prevalence of risk indicators for hearing loss, and the prevalence of auditory impairment in the South African NICU population. The objective of this study was to describe an IHS program for NICU infants at a secondary hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. A quantitative descriptive research design was used to report on a cohort of 129 NICU infants followed up during a 29 month period. The objective of the study was achieved by describing the sample of infants in terms of the presence of specific risk indicators for hearing loss, the efficiency of the IHS program, and the incidence of auditory pathologies. Infants received their initial hearing screening as part of their medical and developmental follow-up visit at the hospital at three months of age. Routine rescreening visits were scheduled three monthly, whilst infants who failed the hearing screening were requested to return after three weeks for a follow-up. A data collection sheet was used to collect biographical information and risk indicators for hearing loss. Immittance measurements were recorded in the form of high-frequency and low-frequency tympanometry. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and automated auditory brainstem responses (AABR) were recorded, as well as diagnostic auditory brainstem responses (ABR) in cases where infants referred the screening protocol. Results revealed that environmental risk factors present in this sample included poor maternal education levels and prenatal HIV/AIDS exposure. At least 32% of mothers participating in this study did not complete high school. Prenatal HIV/AIDS exposure was present in at least 21% of the current sample of infants. The screening coverage rate fell short of the 95% benchmark set by the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH, 2000). A 67% coverage rate was achieved with AABR screening, and an 88% coverage rate was achieved with DPOAE screening. 93% of infants had immittance screening performed on their initial visit to the IHS program. According to the Fisher's two-sided exact test and the logistic regression procedure, high frequency tympanometry proved to be more effective than low frequency tympanometry, when assessing the middle ear functioning of infants younger than seven months when compared with DPOAE results. Normative pressure and admittance data was compiled for the use of high frequency tympanometry in NICU infants. Poor follow-up rates were recorded for both routine and non-routine visits, but are expected to improve over time. Furthermore, results indicated a high incidence of hearing impairment. Permanent congenital hearing loss was identified in 3% (n=4) of the sample. Half of these presented with sensorineural hearing loss, whilst the other half had auditory neuropathy. The incidence of auditory impairment is estimated to be 3.75% if the percentage of infants who did not return for follow-up is taken into account. A high incidence of middle ear pathology was recorded, with an incidence rate of 60.4%, including bilateral and unilateral middle ear pathology. The high prevalence of auditory impairment in South African NICU infants, and the lack of widespread IHS programs, indicates that many vulnerable infants are being the denied the benefits of early identification of and intervention for hearing loss. The implementation of widespread IHS programs in South Africa is therefore essential, in order to ensure that all South African infants receive the benefits of EHDI programs.
Book Synopsis Neonatal Hearing Screening by : Elca T. Swigart
Download or read book Neonatal Hearing Screening written by Elca T. Swigart and published by Pro-Ed. This book was released on 1986 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Universal Newborn Hearing Screening by : Lynn G. Spivak
Download or read book Universal Newborn Hearing Screening written by Lynn G. Spivak and published by Thieme. This book was released on 1998 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the NIH recommendations of 1993, most U.S. hospitals now carry out Universal Newborn Hearing Screening. This new book-the first complete guide to this expanding field-provides detailed information on staff training, data collection, quality control measures and other UNHS issues. Practical and up-to-date, the book is a must for all specialists concerned with the development and management of newborn screening programs. The only book to combine specific management tips with the first-hand experience of seasoned UNHS professionals, this book should be in the collection of all audiologists, physicians, nurses and hospital administrators.
Book Synopsis A Newborn Hearing Screening Program in a South African Private Health Care Facility by : Veruschka Naidoo
Download or read book A Newborn Hearing Screening Program in a South African Private Health Care Facility written by Veruschka Naidoo and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Early Detection and Intervention in Audiology by : Katijah Khoza-Shangase
Download or read book Early Detection and Intervention in Audiology written by Katijah Khoza-Shangase and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A textbook with case studies for audiologists and speech pathologists to make recommendations for early detection and intervention of hearing impairments in the South African context Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) is the gold standard for any practicing audiologist, and for families of infants and children with hearing impairment. EHDI programs aim to identify, diagnose and provide intervention to children with hearing impairment from as early as six months old (as well as those at risk for hearing impairment) to ensure they develop and achieve to their potential. Yet EHDI remains a significant challenge for Africa, and various initiatives are in place to address this gap in transferring policy into practice within the southern African context. The diversity of factors in the southern African context presents unique challenges to teaching and research in this field, which has prompted this book project. The South African government’s heightened focus on increasing access to health care which includes ongoing Early Childhood Development (ECD) programs, make this an opportune time for establishing and documenting evidence-based research for current undergraduate and postgraduate students. Early Detection and Intervention in Audiology: An African Perspective aims to address this opportunity. Grounded in an African context with detailed case studies, this book provides rich content that pays careful attention to contextual relevance and contextual responsiveness to both identification and intervention in hearing impairment. With diverse contributions from experts in local and international contexts, but always with an African perspective, this is textbook will be an invaluable resource for students, researchers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Early Identification of Hearing Loss by : Karl White
Download or read book Early Identification of Hearing Loss written by Karl White and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hospital-Based Implementation of Newborn Hearing Screening in a Cohort of Infants Admitted to the NICU by : Liza Michelle Creel
Download or read book Hospital-Based Implementation of Newborn Hearing Screening in a Cohort of Infants Admitted to the NICU written by Liza Michelle Creel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hearing loss affects approximately 1-3 live births per 1,000. Infants admitted to the NICU are at greater risk of hearing loss than infants in the newborn nursery. Family history, as well as very low birth weight and exposure to certain therapies such as assisted ventilation, are also risk factors associated with hearing loss. Many states mandate newborn screening for hearing loss after birth due to evidence that early diagnosis and intervention improve communication skills and school performance, but following these infants over time can be challenging. This retrospective study describes temporal trends in primary screening outcomes including screening rates, loss to follow-up, and screen sensitivity and specificity. It also evaluated the likelihood of newborn hearing screening, loss to follow-up, false-positive and false-negative results, as well as hearing loss diagnosis among at-risk infants. Time-to-diagnosis for infants with and without screening was also assessed. The study utilizes a database of births and follow-up encounters for infants born in a large Texas integrated health system between 1996 and 2007. Most newborn hearing screening program outcomes have improved since implementation in 1996. Outcomes differ by group, with black infants having higher probabilities of being lost to follow-up and receiving a false-positive result, but a lower probability of hearing loss than the overall study population. Infants diagnosed with persistent pulmonary hypertension had a higher probability of a false-negative result. Infants with craniofacial anomalies and neonatal infections have 5-7 times higher probability of hearing loss than those without the diagnoses. The overall incidence of hearing loss among the study population was 5%. Survival estimates demonstrate that infants identified through screening have a higher probability of early diagnosis. Infants with false-negative screens have the same probability of early diagnosis as infants with no screen. The study findings can inform both policy and practice. Newborn hearing screening leads to earlier diagnosis of infants with hearing loss, but improving targeted follow-up of high risk NICU infants may lead to earlier diagnosis of infants with delayed onset of hearing loss. Community-based providers can monitor high risk NICU infants after discharge for potential hearing loss.The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155380
Book Synopsis Efficacy of a Community-based Infant Hearing Screening Program in the Western Cape by : Niki Friderichs
Download or read book Efficacy of a Community-based Infant Hearing Screening Program in the Western Cape written by Niki Friderichs and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apart from isolated programs in private and public health care sectors, South Africa has no existing systematic public infant hearing screening program at community level. As a result, early identification of hearing loss is certainly not being attained for the majority of infants in South Africa with far-reaching effects for individuals, families and society at large. Screening programs at primary health care immunization clinics have been proposed as an alternative to hospital-based programs in South Africa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the first systematic community-based infant hearing screening program in a developing South African community in the Western Cape. A combined descriptive and exploratory research methodology was followed incorporating aspects of a program evaluation design. The study was of a quantitative nature and the required data were collected by means of a questionnaire and OAE testing conducted by clinic nurses on subjects. A community-based universal infant hearing screening program initiated at eight primary health care clinics in the Cape Metropolitan area was evaluated over a 19-month research period. During this time 6227 infants who were candidates for screening attended their 6, 10 or 14-week immunization visit at the relevant clinic. Clinic nurses were trained as screening personnel. A two-stage distortion product otoacoustic emissions screening protocol was utilized. The target disorder for this study was bilateral permanent congenital and early onset hearing loss and infants referring the first screen were scheduled for a 4-week follow-up visit at the clinic. Diagnostic audiological and medical evaluations were scheduled at referral hospitals when indicated. The study evaluated the efficacy of the program based on coverage, referral and follow-up rates and diagnostic outcomes according to guidelines specified by the Health Professions Council of South Africa 2007 Position Statement. Overall coverage rate across the eight clinics was 32.4% with 2018 infants (aged 0- 14 weeks) screened. The mean age of the sample at first stage screen was 3.9 weeks of age and 13.5 weeks of age for first hospital visit. Overall first stage screen referral rate was 9.5% with 62 subjects (3%) referred for diagnostic services at hospital level after a follow-up screen. The average follow-up rate for rescreens at clinic level was 85.1% and for initial diagnostic assessments at hospital level it was 91.8%. Although minimal hearing loss was not the primary focus of the screening program the outcomes did include those subjects with fluctuating conductive hearing loss and permanent unilateral hearing loss. Prevalence rates were 4.5/1000 with significant hearing loss, including sensorineural (1.5/1000) and conductive (3/1000) losses, and 12.9/1000 for subjects with middle ear effusion.p- The community-based infant hearing screening program was valuable in attaining high follow-up return rates but reaching sufficient coverage may require dedicated screening personnel as opposed to existing nursing personnel. Furthermore, consideration of an alternative community-based platform such as midwife obstetric units may improve coverage and referral rates and prevalence of permanent congenital and early onset hearing loss.
Book Synopsis 1 Your Baby's Hearing Screen by : NHS Health Scotland
Download or read book 1 Your Baby's Hearing Screen written by NHS Health Scotland and published by . This book was released on 2005-03 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 2015 Legislative Update written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, legislation was enacted to require hearing screenings for all newborns prior to discharge from any South Carolina hospital averaging 100 deliveries or more per year. Established under this mandate, First Sound is South Carolina's early hearing detection and intervention program. Since the initiation of the program, 1,071 infants have been identified with confirmed hearing loss and have received intervention. Eight South Carolina hospitals have been selected to participate in a quality improvement program to improve infant hearing screening practices and reduce rates of infants not rescreened.
Book Synopsis Ad Hoc Newborn Hearing Screening Workgroup Final Report of Findings and Recommendations for Early Detection of Hearing Impairment in Iowa Newborns, Infants, and Toddlers by :
Download or read book Ad Hoc Newborn Hearing Screening Workgroup Final Report of Findings and Recommendations for Early Detection of Hearing Impairment in Iowa Newborns, Infants, and Toddlers written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Infant Hearing Screening at Maternal and Child Health Clinics in a Developing South African Community by : Daniël Christiaan De Wet Swanepoel
Download or read book Infant Hearing Screening at Maternal and Child Health Clinics in a Developing South African Community written by Daniël Christiaan De Wet Swanepoel and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Screening Children for Auditory Function by : Fred H. Bess
Download or read book Screening Children for Auditory Function written by Fred H. Bess and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effectiveness of the Clinic-based Newborn Hearing Screening Programme in Rural South Africa by : Khomotjo Sharon Kgare
Download or read book Effectiveness of the Clinic-based Newborn Hearing Screening Programme in Rural South Africa written by Khomotjo Sharon Kgare and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Early Care and Education of Deaf Children in Ghana by : Ruth Swanwick
Download or read book The Early Care and Education of Deaf Children in Ghana written by Ruth Swanwick and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-12 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how an understanding of social-cultural and resource dynamics can inform the development of context-sensitive approaches to the early education and care of young deaf children, and the support of their caregivers. The authors investigate what it takes to facilitate deaf children's progress through early childhood, focusing on language, communication, learning, and well-being in the sub-Saharan African context of Ghana. They provide a review and critical discussion of the existing knowledge base surrounding early childhood deaf education and examine traditional and contemporary perspectives on childhood deafness and caregiving that are meaningful to the African early childhood deaf education landscape. The book draws on the knowledge and understanding developed through a collaborative UK-Ghana research project that examined the Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) of young deaf children in Ghana. Examples from this project bring to life the issues surrounding caregiving, childhood deafness and early support in sub-Saharan Africa and advances voices from this context. As a co-authored text and collaboration between UK and Ghana researchers the work brings a new and context sensitive contribution to the examination of early education programming for young deaf children, addresses gaps in the global ECCE research, and shifts the traditional flow of knowledge to open the potential of south-north illumination and learning.
Book Synopsis A Novel Screening Protocol for the Differentiation of Type of Hearing Loss in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Infants by : Tara Pamela Millman
Download or read book A Novel Screening Protocol for the Differentiation of Type of Hearing Loss in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Infants written by Tara Pamela Millman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
