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A Discussion Of The Physical Metallurgy Of The 18 Per Cent Nickel Maraging Steels
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Book Synopsis A Discussion of the Physical Metallurgy of the 18 Per Cent Nickel Maraging Steels by : Albert M. Hall
Download or read book A Discussion of the Physical Metallurgy of the 18 Per Cent Nickel Maraging Steels written by Albert M. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various aspects of the physical metallurgy of the 18 % nickel maraging steels are discussed in this report in the light of the knowledge which has thus far been accumulated on these steels. The 18 % nickel type of maraging steel was singled out for discussion because of its especially attractive combination of strength and fracture toughness, the comparative simplicity with which it can be hardened, and the relative ease with which it can be formed and joined. The highnickel maraging steels are considered to be outstanding members of a loose-knit family of agehardenable or precipitation-hardenable martensitic steels. Some comparisons and analogies are drawn among various members of this family with particular reference to the 18% nickel steels. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Metallurgy, Behavior, and Application of the 18-percent Nickel Maraging Steels by : Albert M. Hall
Download or read book The Metallurgy, Behavior, and Application of the 18-percent Nickel Maraging Steels written by Albert M. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Metallurgy, Behavior, and Application of the 18-percent Nickel Maraging Steels A Survey by : A. M. Hall
Download or read book The Metallurgy, Behavior, and Application of the 18-percent Nickel Maraging Steels A Survey written by A. M. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report resulted from a survey of users and manufacturers of maraging steels, Government agencies, research institutions, and published literature. It presents the technical status of the 18-percent nickel maraging steels in detail and brings together a large body of knowledge with regard to the metallurgical and engineering aspects of maraging steels. Since such steels were first announced in 1959, they have become highly important in aerospace, defense, and industrial work. The requirements of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration have given impetus to their development, and research now underway is expected to result in further improvements and applicability. The NASA Office of Technology Utilization sponsored this report as part of its program to disseminate information on technological developments which appear to be useful for general industrial applications.
Book Synopsis The Mechanical Properties of the 18 Per Cent Nickel Maraging Steels by : J. E. Campbell
Download or read book The Mechanical Properties of the 18 Per Cent Nickel Maraging Steels written by J. E. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the combination of tensile properties and toughness that can be obtained with the maraging steels is higher than can be achieved with other steels by simple heat treatments, there is considerable interest in using the maraging steels for critical components such as rocket motor cases, pressure vessels, and aircraft forgings. This report includes information on the tensile, compressive, shear, bearing, dynamic modulus, impact, bend, fatigue, creep, and rupture properties of the 18 per cent nickel maraging steels and on the effect of temperature on these properties. Data for the properties of sheet, bar, and forgings, as well as data illustrating the effect of cold rolling, variation in the heat treatment, and elevated-temperature exposure also are presented. Data on the effect of specimen orientation, which are also included, indicate that the ductility and toughness of specimens designed to evaluate the properties in the short transverse direction are somewhat lower than in the other directions. The high strength and toughness that can be obtained in the 18 per cent nickel maraging steels make them attractive for certain critical applications that require these properties. The fabrication characteristics, weldability, and simple heat treatment are other advantages of these steels. (Author).
Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research Reports by :
Download or read book U.S. Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 1600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Welding High-strength Steels by : P. A. Kammer
Download or read book Welding High-strength Steels written by P. A. Kammer and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies of the developments in welding steels with yield strengths greater than 150 ksi have included low-alloy martensitic steels, medium-alloy martensitic steels, nickel maraging steels, and bainitic steels. Only weldments from medium-alloy martensitic steels and nickel maraging steels have mechanical properties approaching those of the base plate without a complete postweld heat treatment. The most serious problem with the other steel is low toughness in the weld fusion zone. Adequate weld metal toughness under conditions of elastic strain can be obtarined over the entire 150 to 225 ksi yield-strength range only if the tungsten-arc welding process is used. Processes with higher deposition rates can produce comparable weld deposits only in the lower portion of the range. Above a yield strength of 200 ksi, 18Ni maraging steel weldments have the best combination of strength and toughness. Below 200 ksi, the HP 9-4-25 medium-alloy martensitic steel and 12Ni maraging steel weldments have nearly equal properties.
Book Synopsis Oxidation of Nickel- and Cobalt-base Superalloys by : Carl H. Lund
Download or read book Oxidation of Nickel- and Cobalt-base Superalloys written by Carl H. Lund and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents information dealing with the oxidation of nickel- and cobalt-base superalloys. All of the superalloys will oxidize at high temperatures when oxygen is present in the enveloping atmosphere. The rate of oxidation depends upon alloy composition, temperature, oxygen concentration, oxides formed, diffusion rates of the metals in both base metal and oxide, diffusion rate of oxygen in the oxide, solubility of oxygen in the matrix, and a host of other variables. The effects of oxidation can be beneficial or they can be harmful. The first section of this report deals with the fundamentals of the oxidation of Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys. Subsequent sections discuss general surface oxidation, intergranular oxidation, other subsurface oxidation, and the effect of stress on the rate of oxidation. Numerous specific alloys are mentioned in the report; as an aid to the reader, the appendix contains an alloy index of the alloys mentioned in the report along with the compositions of the alloys, and the pages on which mention of the alloys is made.
Book Synopsis Metal Removal by Electrochemical Methods and Its Effects on Mechanical Properties of Metals by : John A. Gurklis
Download or read book Metal Removal by Electrochemical Methods and Its Effects on Mechanical Properties of Metals written by John A. Gurklis and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assembles and correlates information on the effects of electrochemical metal-removal (ECMR) processes on mechanical properties. Of special interest and concern are the effects of ECMR on fatigue strength. The report covers four electrochemical metal-removal processes: electrochemical machining (ECM), electrolytic grinding (EG), electrochemical milling, and electropolishing. General characteristics and applications of the four methods are presented and discussed; special emphasis is placed on ECM. The ECMR processes are especially useful in shaping high-strength and difficult-to-machine metals and alloys, as well as in shaping parts with unusual, complex, or fragile characteristics. (Author).
Book Synopsis Department of Defense Refractory Metals Sheet Rolling Program by : D. J. Maykuth
Download or read book Department of Defense Refractory Metals Sheet Rolling Program written by D. J. Maykuth and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the third of a series which will periodically summarize the status of the various contracts involved in the Department of Defense Refractory Metals Sheet Rolling Program. Under this program, selected candidate materials are being carried through one or more of the following consecutive phases: Phase I, development of a sheet-production practice; Phase II, establishment of minimum design data; and Phase III, evaluation of sheetfabrication characteristics. To the present time, 13 contracts have been funded or planned in support of the Phase I, II, and III activities. This report summarizes the status of each of these individual contracts as of November 1, 1964. The first section describes the overall program of the Department of Defense Refractory Metals Sheet Rolling Program. Following, in the order of their discussions, are sections dealing with fabricable molybdenum alloys, unalloyed tungsten, columbium alloys, and tantalum alloys. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Application of High Pressure in Metal-deformation Processing by : F. W. Boulger
Download or read book The Application of High Pressure in Metal-deformation Processing written by F. W. Boulger and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 3, 1963, a symposium was sponsored by the Bureau of Naval Weapons, Metalworking Processes and Equipment Program, on the application of high pressure in metal-deformation processing. Past research has shown that superimposed hydrostatic pressure can significantly increase the ductility at fracture of various materials. These observations have stimulated considerable interest in applying this hydrostatic-pressure effect to metal deformation processing, where it was anticipated that improved ductility and fabricability of brittle materials could be realized. Hydrostatic extrusion and hydrodynamic compressive forging were two such fabrication techniques discussed at the symposium, and preliminary results were found to be encouraging. Another fabrication process that will be investigated in the near future is sheet drawing, where the effect of superimposed pressure improves the ductility to fracture, it was noted that pressure cycling did not improve either the strength or ductility of steels containing various amounts of carbon. In addition to the mechanical-property effects, hydrostatic pressure has been found to affect measurably, numerous metallurgical properties of metals and alloys. (Author).
Book Synopsis Report on the Third Maraging Steel Project Review by : Albert M. Hall
Download or read book Report on the Third Maraging Steel Project Review written by Albert M. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of High Pressure, High Temperature Hydrogen on Steel by : Ellis E. Fletcher
Download or read book The Effects of High Pressure, High Temperature Hydrogen on Steel written by Ellis E. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report deals with the deleterious effects of hydrogen gas on steel at elevated temperatures and/or pressures. Hydrogen attack on steels is manifest as decarburization, intergranular fissuring, or blistering. These conditions result in lowered tensile strength, ductility, and impact strength. The reaction of hydrogen with iron carbide to form methane is probably the most important chemical reaction involved in the attack on steel by hydrogen. Attack of steel at elevated temperatures and pressures is limited or prevented by the following measures: (1) use of steel alloyed with strong carbide-forming elements, (2) use of liners of resistant alloy steels, and (3) substitution of resistant nonferrous alloys.
Book Synopsis Premium-quality Aluminum Castings by : K. R. Grube
Download or read book Premium-quality Aluminum Castings written by K. R. Grube and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Premium-quality castings are those which are guaranteed to show a specified high level of mechanical properties. The properties currently being achieved represent significant improvements over those which can be achieved in conventional aluminum-alloy castings and approach the properties currently obtainable in wrought aluminum alloys. These property advances are largely the result of improved casting technique and design. These castings are gradually finding acceptance and usage in aerospace applications, thanks to integrated efforts between the casting producers and their customers. (Author).
Book Synopsis Second Status Report of the U. S. Government Metalworking Processes and Equipment Program by : F. C. Holden
Download or read book Second Status Report of the U. S. Government Metalworking Processes and Equipment Program written by F. C. Holden and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vacuum Degassing in the Production of Premium-quality Steels by : P. J. O'Reilly
Download or read book Vacuum Degassing in the Production of Premium-quality Steels written by P. J. O'Reilly and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report gives the experiences of several steel producers and consumers with vacuum degassing as a melting practice in the manufacture of high-strength steels for critical applications. The parameters involved in determining the effects of melting practice on mechanical properties are outlined. Pertinent melting processes are described and evaluated qualitatively. In presenting the data, vacuum degassing is compared with other melting practices such as conventional air melting and consumable-electrode vacuum-arc remelting (CEVAR). Generally, there is a trend indicating that vacuum degassing is being used in some production applications instead of air-melted or CEVAR material. In terms of higher and more uniform transverse tensile properties and impact strength, longer fatigue life, and improved cleanliness, the CEVAR alloys were the best. Vacuum degassing by any of the various methods resulted in an improvement in properties of air-melted alloys. In some instances it appeared that the quality of CEVAR alloys could be approached when stream degassing or D-H (Dortmund-Horder) treatment was applied to air melts. Recommendations are given for additional investigations on the effects of melting practice on mechanical properties of premium-quality steels. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Effects of Heat-treating and Testing Environments on the Properties of Refractory Metals by : F. F. Schmidt
Download or read book The Effects of Heat-treating and Testing Environments on the Properties of Refractory Metals written by F. F. Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies on the effects of heat-treating and testing environments for the refractory metals have been limited primarily to the unalloyed metals and a few alloys of columbium and molybdenum. Most of this work has relied on compositional changes as a means of assesing the effects of various environments on these materials. It has been shown that all of these materials are subject to contamination or purification in various test environments. The residual gases H2, CO(or N2), and H20, constitute the major sources of contamination when testing columbium and tantalum materials in vacua. Under the same conditions, molybdenum and molybdenum alloys containing carbon and reactive-metal additions are subject to serious decarburization. Nonreactive gaseous atmospheres also cause serious changes in material chemistry, since small quantities of noxious gases are contained in the atmosphere. Several promising methods of circumventing material chemistry changes during various longtime, high-temperature exposures are being used and/or evaluated. (Author).
Book Synopsis Current Methods of Fracture-toughness Testing of High-strength Alloys with Emphasis on Plane Strain by : J. E. Campbell
Download or read book Current Methods of Fracture-toughness Testing of High-strength Alloys with Emphasis on Plane Strain written by J. E. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fracture-toughness testing using principles of fracture mechanics has developed to the point where it can be used as a basis for selection of materials, for estimating limiting design stresses assuming the presence of small flaws, and for analyzing failures. Current methods of measuring plane-stress and plane-strain fracturetoughness parameters are presented in this report. The specimens include center-cracked, edge-cracked, single-edge-cracked, surface-cracked, and notched round bars, which are subjected to tensile loading, and notched bars for bend tests. The different types of specimens permit evaluating sheet, plate, bar stock, and forgings as well as material from failed structures. Application of fracture-toughness parameters to design of high-strength structures is reviewed for both static and fatigue loading. Consideration of the fracture-mechanics concepts in design should lead to fewer problems with brittle fracture in high-strength structures. (Author).
