A Comparison Of Transport Costs Physical Performance And Spoilage Factors For Intermodal Shipments Of Iceberg Lettuce To European Markets

Author : United States Department Of Agriculture
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780364994702
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (947 download)

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Download or read book A Comparison of Transport Costs, Physical Performance, and Spoilage Factors for Intermodal Shipments of Iceberg Lettuce to European Markets (Classic Reprint) written by United States Department Of Agriculture and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A Comparison of Transport Costs, Physical Performance, and Spoilage Factors for Intermodal Shipments of Iceberg Lettuce to European Markets The study identifies some of the problems and opportunities of air cargo and surface (van container) shipments. Cost comparisons are made between these two transport modes. Also, the cost effectiveness of air cargo transport is weighed. Physical performance factors showed that because good iceberg lettuce can be shipped by surface (van container) transport to European markets in good condition and at a reasonable cost, air cargo transport is warranted only when an emergency resupply situation exists. Also, the use of the bonded-block pattern was adequate if it was combined with such improved practices as precooling of lettuce to desirable temperatures before loading, harvesting and packaging in the field, and accurate scheduling to prevent delays and layovers at terminals and in transit. Current transport technology is adequate for surface transport of lettuce to European destinations in good condition and at a reasonable cost. Also, successful shipping of lettuce to European markets depends not only on the transport equipment but also on how the transport equipment is handled and to what use this equipment is put. The outturn of the experimental test shipments was excellent when the following conditions were met: (1) The quality of the product was good at time of shipment, (2) the refrigeration unit operated properly, (3) the thermostat was accurately-calibrated, (4) the shipment was loaded in a van container in a bonded-block pattern, and (5) the product was not roughly handled in loading and unloading. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.